Cromolyn Sodium-

Disodium cromoglycate, white to off-white powder, soluble in water, practically insoluble in ethanol. It is an organic sodium salt, the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid, with a molecular weight of 512.33, a melting point of 241-242°C, a boiling point of 752.3 °C, and a flash point of 263.9°C. Disodium cromoglycate is a compound that blocks the release of pro-inflammatory mediators, preventing the release of histamine, leukotrienes, and cytokines from mast cells. It does this by binding to calcium channels on the mast cell membrane, thereby preventing the influx of calcium ions necessary for the release of histamine and other mediators. It has also been found to reduce the expression of adhesion molecules and chemokines involved in inflammatory responses.
Disodium cromoglycateis a relatively nontoxic agent used for the long-term prevention of many types of asthma. It has no bronchodilator properties and is used in the prophylaxis of asthma. It does not play a role in the treatment of acute asthmatic attacks including severe asthma.
White Crystalline Powder
ChEBI: An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid.
Cromolyn sodium, disodium 1,3-bis(2-carboxychromon-5-yloxy)-2-hydroxypropane (Intal), isa hygroscopic, white, hydrated crystalline powder that is solublein water (1:10). It is tasteless at first but leaves a veryslightly bitter aftertaste. The pK of cromolyn is 2. It is availableas a solution for a nebulizer, an aerosol spray, a nasal solution,an ophthalmic solution, and an oral concentrate.Nebulized and aerosol cromolyn has been used for prophylacticmanagement of bronchial asthma and prevention ofexercise-induced bronchospasm. Cromolyn nasal solution isused for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis, andoral concentrate is used to treat the histaminic symptomsof mastocytosis (diarrhea, flushing, headaches, vomiting, urticaria,abdominal pain, nausea, and itching). Topical cromolyn(eye drops) is used to treat allergic conjunctivitis andkeratitis. In the treatment of asthma, cromolyn efficacy is manifestedby decreased severity of clinical symptoms, or need for concomitant therapy, or both. Long-term use is justified if thedrug significantly reduces the severity of asthma symptoms;permits a significant reduction in, or elimination of, steroiddosage; or improves management of those who have intolerableside effects to sympathomimetic agents or methylxanthines.For cromolyn to be effective, it must be administered atleast 30 minutes prior to antigen challenge and administered atregular intervals (see dosing information that follows). Wheninhaled, the powder does produce irritation in some patients.Also, overuse of cromolyn can result in tolerance.