High Quality Topiroxostat CAS 577778-58-6 Powder Fast Shipping Best Price

Topiroxostat More Info

Capecitabine is an oral anticancer chemotherapy drug used to treat several types of cancer, most notably colorectal and breast cancers. It is a prodrug, meaning it becomes active only after being metabolized inside the body. After administration, capecitabine is converted into 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), a well-known chemotherapeutic agent that interferes with DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells.

- Drug type: Antimetabolite, Prodrug of 5-FU
- Route of administration: Oral (by mouth)
- Brand name: Xeloda®

Mechanism of Action:

Capecitabine is metabolized in a series of steps into 5-FU, mainly within tumor tissue, enhancing its selectivity and activity at the cancer site. Once converted to 5-FU, the drug acts in two major ways:

Thymidylate Synthase Inhibition – 5-FU inhibits the enzyme thymidylate synthase, which blocks the synthesis of thymidine, a necessary component of DNA. This causes DNA damage and prevents cancer cells from dividing and growing.

RNA Incorporation – 5-FU may also become incorporated into RNA, disrupting its function and blocking protein synthesis.

Due to this dual mechanism, 5-FU — and thus capecitabine — targets cancer cells during their active division phase.

Indications and Approved Uses:

Capecitabine is approved for the treatment of several cancers, either alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents:

Colorectal Cancer

First-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer

Adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer after surgery

Breast Cancer

• Treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancer, especially in patients resistant to other therapies such as anthracyclines and taxanes
• Often used in combination with drugs like docetaxel
1. Gastric (Stomach) Cancer
   • Sometimes used in combination treatment for advanced cases
2. Pancreatic and Other GI Cancers
   • Investigated and occasionally used off-label for other gastrointestinal cancers

Dosage and Administration:

• Capecitabine is available in tablet form (commonly 150 mg and 500 mg).
• The typical dosing is based on body surface area (BSA), calculated from the patient's height and weight.
• Treatment is often given in two divided doses per day for 14 days followed by a 7-day rest period (21-day cycle).
• Tablets should be taken within 30 minutes after a meal and swallowed whole with water.

Dosing may be adjusted depending on individual response, tolerability, kidney function, or interaction with other medications.

Side Effects:

Common side effects include:

• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Fatigue
• Hand-foot syndrome (palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia) – pain, redness, and peeling of skin on the hands and feet
• Mouth sores (stomatitis)
• Loss of appetite and weight loss
• Low blood counts (anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia)

Serious or rare side effects:

• Severe diarrhea or dehydration
• Cardiotoxicity (rare, but possible chest pain or heart rhythm issues)
• Liver dysfunction
• Kidney toxicity (especially in patients with preexisting conditions)
• Severe allergic reactions

Regular monitoring of blood counts and organ function is necessary during treatment.

Contraindications and Precautions:

• Contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to capecitabine or fluorouracil.
• Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding due to risk of fetal harm.
• Dose adjustment required in patients with impaired kidney or liver function.
• Use with caution in elderly patients and those with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency, a genetic condition that can increase toxicity.

Drug Interactions:

Capecitabine can interact with several medications:

• Warfarin and other anticoagulants: Risk of increased bleeding — INR should be monitored carefully.
• Phenytoin: May increase phenytoin blood levels, causing toxicity.
• Folic acid or folinic acid: Can enhance the effects and toxicity of 5-FU.
• Allopurinol: May reduce the effectiveness of capecitabine.

Advantages of Capecitabine:

• Oral administration avoids the need for intravenous infusions.
• Tumor-specific conversion to 5-FU helps target cancer cells more specifically.
• Can be taken at home, offering convenience for patients and reducing hospital visits.

Research and Development:

Capecitabine continues to be studied in various clinical trials, including:

• Combinations with newer targeted therapies (e.g., tyrosine kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies)
• Use in other cancers such as esophageal, biliary tract, and pancreatic cancers
• Exploring optimal schedules and doses to improve tolerability and outcomes

Conclusion:

Capecitabine is a powerful oral chemotherapeutic agent used primarily to treat colorectal and breast cancers. As a prodrug of 5-FU, it acts by interfering with DNA synthesis and RNA function in rapidly dividing cancer cells. It offers significant advantages in convenience and tumor selectivity, though side effects, especially hand-foot syndrome and gastrointestinal toxicity, must be closely monitored. Capecitabine remains a cornerstone of cancer chemotherapy and continues to be evaluated for broader oncologic applications.

Product Image

FAQ

Q1. Can I get a free sample?

We can send you a samll free sample, and you only need to pay for the shipping cost.

Q2. What is the HyperChem payment term?

T/T in advance
LC at sight
DP at sight

Bank transfer

PayPal

Bitcoin...

Q3. What is HyperChem shipment policy?

Our policy is to strive for the quickest shipment time possible.

For ready stock samples, they are usually shipped within 3 working days after payment received.
For non-ready stock, please contact HyperChem sales team to negotiate.

Q4. What is HyperChem shipment term?

By Express  
FedEx  UPS  DHL  EMS                               
Fast: 3-7 days around, high cost, door to door service

By Air                                        
Suitable for more than 50kg 
Fast: 3-7 days, hight cost, port to port, professional broker needed 

By Sea
Suitable for more than 500kg      
Fast: 7-45 days, low cost, port to port, professional broker needed 

We will always attempt to utilize the quickest and most affordable way for customers to receive orders. And follow -up with customers via email for all shipment details as well as updated track information until it arrives without damage.

Q5. What HyperChem will provide after shipment?

For sample orders: 
After shipment is done, an timely email including:

1. Track details (Fedex /TNT/DHL/EMS Track number)
2. Packaging photo
3. COA, MSDS, etc
4. Dispatch date & Estimated arriving time
5. Shipping invoice

For commercial orders:
A full set of shipment documents as well as package photos can be provided in scan-copy and original, to help customers complete the customs clearance process.