Mannitol ~ Mannitol

Properties • Colorless or white crystalline powder. Melting point is 166℃, relative density is 1.489, boiling point is 290～295℃ at 3.5mmHg, and specific rotation [α]D is +23°～+24°. • Easily soluble in hot water, 1g of D-mannitol can be dissolved in 5.5mL of boiling water, soluble in ethanol, pyridine and aniline, non-hygroscopic, and its sweetness is equivalent to 70% of sucrose. It has a cool taste when eaten. • This product is a polyol sugar, and a 5.07% aqueous solution has the same osmotic pressure as serum. Its hypertonic solution has dehydration and diuretic effects. After oral administration, it is rarely absorbed in the intestinal tract. Intravenous injection is mainly distributed in the extracellular fluid. In the body, only a small part is converted into glycogen in the liver, and most of it is excreted in the urine without change. • Diuretic effect starts 10 minutes after intravenous injection or drip, reaches the peak in 2～3 hours, and lasts for 6～8 hours. Dehydration to reduce intracranial pressure takes effect within 15 minutes and lasts for 3～8 hours; reducing intraocular pressure takes effect in 30～60 minutes and lasts for 4～6 hours. • In nature, mannitol widely exists in various plants. Its content in the sap of Fraxinus ornus (Oleaceae) is as high as 30%～50%. It also exists in certain amounts in edible fungi, lichens, carrots, etc. Among them, seaweed and kelp have relatively high mannitol content; the content in the washing liquid of seaweed can reach 2%, and that of kelp is about 1.5%.