Full Detailed Product Datasheet – Ammonium Nitrate CAS 6484-52-2

1. Basic Identification

2. Physical & Chemical Properties

Appearance

Physical Constants

Core Chemical Characteristics

1. Strong oxidizing property
   
   
   Contains nitrate ion with high oxygen content; when mixed with combustibles (sawdust, sulfur, metal powder, oil, organic matter), friction, impact or heating will intensify combustion and trigger explosion.
2. Stepwise thermal decomposition

• 110 ℃: \(\boldsymbol{NH_4NO_3 \rightarrow NH_3↑ + HNO_3↑}\) (releases ammonia & nitric acid fumes)
• 180–200 ℃: \(\boldsymbol{NH_4NO_3 \rightarrow N_2O↑ + 2H_2O↑}\) (generates laughing gas)

• 400 ℃: Violent explosive decomposition: \(\boldsymbol{4NH_4NO_3 \rightarrow 3N_2 + 2NO_2 + 8H_2O}\)

1. Double nitrogen source
   
   
   Contains ammonium nitrogen (\(NH_4^+\)) and nitrate nitrogen (\(NO_3^-\)), total nitrogen content 33–35 wt%, both forms absorbable by crops.
2. Salt metathesis reaction
   
   
   Reacts with strong alkalis (NaOH, KOH) under heating to release ammonia gas; reacts with sulfate, phosphate to form double salts.
3. Incompatible hazardous materials
   
   
   Combustible organics, sulfur, phosphorus, metal powders, concentrated strong acids, strong reducing agents, fuel oil, wood dust, coal powder.
4. Hygroscopic & caking tendency
   
   
   Easily absorbs atmospheric water; prilled products add anti-caking coating (paraffin, magnesium nitrate) for fertilizer use.

3. Industrial & Fertilizer Grade Quality Specifications

Grade 1: Agricultural Fertilizer Grade (Mainstream Export)

Grade 2: Industrial Reagent Grade (ACS / Premium Lab Grade ≥99.5%)

Grade 3: Low-density Industrial Explosive Raw Material Grade

4. Main Industrial & Agricultural Applications

4.1 Agricultural High-Nitrogen Fertilizer (Largest Consumption)

1. Dual nitrogen supply fertilizer: Ammonium nitrogen is slowly absorbed by soil colloid, nitrate nitrogen is rapidly available for crop absorption; suitable for wheat, corn, cotton, vegetables, fruit trees.
2. Raw material for compound NPK fertilizer, mixed with phosphate & potash fertilizer to make balanced crop nutrient blends.
3. Foliar nitrogen fertilizer raw material, low salt damage risk after dilution.

4.2 Industrial Explosive Raw Material

1. Main oxidizer for industrial ammonium nitrate-fuel oil (ANFO) blasting explosives, used in mining, quarrying, tunnel excavation engineering.
2. Raw material for water gel explosives, emulsion explosives for civil blasting industry (strict national safety supervision required).

4.3 Chemical Synthesis Intermediate

1. Synthesis of nitrous oxide (N₂O, laughing gas) used in medical anesthesia, food whipping agent, semiconductor cleaning gas.
2. Nitrating agent for mild organic nitration reactions in fine chemical manufacturing.
3. Raw material for ammonium salt series: ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate double salt preparation.

4.4 Laboratory & Analytical Reagent

1. Standard nitrogen source for plant tissue culture media (MS culture medium nitrogen supply).
2. Calibration reagent for nitrogen element detection, standard substrate for thermal decomposition kinetics research of nitrate oxidizers.
3. Cooling bath preparation raw material: mixed with water to prepare low-temperature cooling solution.

4.5 Other Special Industrial Uses

1. Oxidizing additive for metal surface treatment, metal pickling auxiliary.
2. Raw material for industrial refrigerants, instant cold pack chemical filler.
3. Flue gas denitrification auxiliary agent for power plant waste gas treatment.

5. Toxicology, Health Hazards & First Aid

Toxicity Profile

• Acute oral LD50 (Rat): 2462 mg/kg (moderately harmful if swallowed)
• Dermal toxicity: Low skin penetration; dust irritation to mucous membranes
• Primary hazard classification: Oxidizer fire hazard, not acute highly toxic substance
• Chronic risk: Long-term inhalation of dust irritates respiratory tract; excessive intake causes methemoglobinemia, gastrointestinal pain, vomiting.

Exposure Symptoms

1. Inhalation of dust: Throat stinging, cough, nasal congestion, shortness of breath.
2. Eye contact: Severe redness, burning pain, conjunctival edema, blurred vision.
3. Skin contact: Dryness, erythema, mild chemical irritation rash.
4. Oral ingestion: Abdominal cramp, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cyanosis in severe cases.

Complete First-Aid Procedures

1. Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air; rest, supply oxygen if breathing difficulty occurs; seek medical treatment for persistent cough.
2. Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing immediately; rinse skin continuously with plenty of running clean water for ≥15 minutes.
3. Eye Splash: Force open eyelids, flush eyes with room-temperature running water for at least 15 minutes; mandatory ophthalmologist examination.
4. Oral Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting; drink large volume of clean water for dilution; send to hospital emergency treatment immediately.

6. Storage, Handling & Incompatibility Rules

Mandatory Storage Conditions

1. Warehouse classification: Class 5.1 oxidizing solid dedicated warehouse, independent partition separated from flammable goods.
2. Temperature control: Storage ambient temperature ≤30 ℃; away from heating pipes, boilers, direct sunlight.
3. Sealing & moisture-proof: All bags sealed tightly; warehouse equipped with dehumidification equipment to avoid deliquescence & caking.
4. Static control: Ground all transport pallets; non-sparking copper tools only for handling.
5. Shelf life: 12 months under original sealed dry packaging; break up caked material gently (no heavy hammer striking).

Strictly Separated Incompatible Materials

• Combustibles: Wood, paper, plastic, coal dust, sawdust, fuel oil, paraffin
• Reducing agents: Sulfur, phosphorus, metal powder (Al, Fe, Zn), hydrazine
• Concentrated strong mineral acids: H₂SO₄, concentrated HNO₃
• Edible raw materials, feed, organic chemical solvents

Safe Operation Specifications

1. Operators wear dust-proof respirators, nitrile chemical resistant gloves, impact safety goggles, anti-static work clothes.
2. No smoking, open flame, friction sparks within 15m operation radius.
3. Avoid violent impact, heavy hammer beating of solid ammonium nitrate (risk of explosion when mixed with organics).
4. Spill disposal: Small leakage collect with dry inert sand, avoid sweeping with broom to prevent dust floating; large leakage build sand dike isolation, transfer to sealed hazardous waste barrels.

7. Export Packaging & Global Transportation Regulations

Standard Export Packaging Modes

1. Fertilizer prilled grade: 50kg inner plastic film + outer PP woven bag, anti-moisture double-layer sealing
2. Industrial crystal reagent grade: 25kg lined plastic iron drum with sealed PTFE gaskets
3. Small lab trial packages: 1kg / 5kg plastic sealed bottle with anti-leak outer barrel

UN Transport Compliance

1. Road transport: Vehicles fitted with exhaust flame arrestors, equipped with CO₂ & dry powder fire extinguishers; cargo compartment fully ventilated.
2. Ocean shipment: Comply with IMDG Code oxidizer dangerous goods rules; all bags affixed oxidizer hazard labels, stacking height ≤2 layers.
3. Loading ban: No mixed loading with flammable materials, reducing agents, edible goods, sulfur & metal powders in one container.

Full Export Document Package

• Batch Certificate of Analysis (COA)
• GHS-compliant MSDS / SDS
• Technical Data Sheet (TDS)
• Marine Dangerous Goods Declaration
• Oxidizer hazard classification certificate
• Customs HS classification certification

8. GHS Hazard Label Statements

9. Fire Emergency Disposal

Approved Fire Extinguishing Agents

• Primary: Dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide (CO₂) fire extinguishers
• Auxiliary: Large volume water spray (only to cool surrounding packages, dilute oxidizer concentration)

Forbidden Agents

Fire Site Operation Steps

1. Evacuate all personnel to upwind safe zone, isolate fire area, cut all ignition sources.
2. Cool surrounding ammonium nitrate stacks continuously with water spray to prevent thermal decomposition explosion.
3. Avoid direct high-pressure water jet impact on burning material to prevent splashing spread of oxidizer solid.

10. Printable Export COA Template

CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS

11. E-commerce Listing Text (For Alibaba / Echemi Direct Use)

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