L-Hyoscyamine

White to Off-White SolidChEBI: An atropine with a 2S-configuration. Hyoscyamine is a levorotatory alkaloidobtained from various solanaceous species. One ofthe commercial sources is Egyptian henbane (Hyoscyamusmuticus), in which it occurs to the extent of about 0.5%. Usually, it is prepared from the crude drug in a manner similarto that used for atropine and is purified as the oxalate. The free base is obtained easily from this salt. It occurs as white needles that are sparingly soluble in water.
(S)-atropine is an atropine with a 2S-configuration. It derives from a (S)-tropic acid. It is a conjugate base of a (S)-atropinium.|Hyoscyamine is a chemical compound, a tropane alkaloid it is the levo-isomer to atropine. It is a secondary metabolite of some plants, particularly henbane (Hyoscamus niger.) Hyoscyamine is used to provide symptomatic relief to various gastrointestinal disorders including spasms, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatitis, colic and cystitis. It has also been used to relieve some heart problems, control some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, as well as for control of respiratory secretions in end of life care.|Hyoscyamine as a natural plant alkaloid derivative and anticholinergic that is used to treat mild to moderate nausea, motion sickness, hyperactive bladder and allergic rhinitis. Hyoscyamine has not been implicated in causing liver enzyme elevations or clinically apparent acute liver injury.|Hyoscyamine is a belladonna alkaloid derivative and the levorotatory form of racemic atropine isolated from the plants Hyoscyamus niger or Atropa belladonna, which exhibits anticholinergic activity. Hyoscyamine functions as a non-selective, competitive antagonist of muscarinic receptors, thereby inhibiting the parasympathetic activities of acetylcholine on the salivary, bronchial, and sweat glands, as well as the eye, heart, bladder, and gastrointestinal tract. These inhibitory effects cause a decrease in saliva, bronchial mucus, gastric juices, and sweat. Furthermore, its inhibitory action on smooth muscle prevents bladder contraction and decreases gastrointestinal motility.|The 3(S)-endo isomer of atropine.