Cytochalasin B

479.61

479.61

239-000-2

FELTED NEEDLES FROM ACETONE

29349990

95.86000

3.71

white powder

1.1490 (rough estimate)

218-221 °C

577.96°C (rough estimate)

85℃

1.6290 (estimate)

ethanol: 20 mg/mL

−20°C

LD50 intraperitoneal in mouse: 30mg/kg

I

6.1(a)

UN 1544 6.1/PG 2

3

26/27/28-63-23/24/25

28-36/37-45

RO0205000

T+,T

P260-P284-P310

H302-H330

|Danger|H300 (100%): Fatal if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P284, P301+P310, P302+P350, P304+P340, P308+P313, P310, P320, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 108 companies from 4 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

TREATMENT OF WILD TYPE S49 LYMPHOMA CELLS WITH THE MICROFILAMENT DISRUPTER CYTOCHALASIN B REVERSIBLY & IN A HIGHLY DOSE-DEPENDENT FASHION ENHANCES CELLULAR CYCLIC AMP ACCUMULATION IN RESPONSE TO SUBSEQUENT ADDITION OF THE BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONIST (-)-ISOPROTERENOL, PROSTAGLANDIN E1, OR CHOLERA TOXIN.|CYTOCHALASIN B WAS UNABLE TO TRANSFORM 3T3-LIKE TUMOR CELLS, BUT DID INCREASE 8-40 FOLD THE FREQUENCY OF CELL TRANSFORMATION BY POLYOMA VIRUS.|THE PINOCYTOTIC ACTIVITY, INDUCED BY CONCANAVALIN A IN AMOEBA PROTEUS, IS GREATLY INTENSIFIED BY CYTOCHALASIN B.|CYTOCHALASIN B INHIBITED THE ELONGATION OF WHEAT COLEOPTILE SEGMENTS IN INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID & OF MAIZE ROOTS, WITH THE ONLY ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES BEING THE ACCUMULATION OF SECRETORY VESICLES. CYTOCHALASIN B APPARENTLY BLOCKED ELONGATION GROWTH BY INHIBITING VESICLE TRANSPORT & SECRETION OF CELL WALL COMPONENTS.

FUNGAL SOURCE: HELMINTHOSPORIUM DEMATIOIDEUM, HORMISCIUM SPECIES, & PHOMA SPECIES.|A CLASS OF MOLD METABOLITES EXHIBITING INHIBITORY EFFECTS ON CELL PROCESSES. SIX CYTOCHALASINS HAVE BEEN ISOLATED: CYTOCHALASINS A, B & F FROM HELMINTHOSPORIUM DEMATIOIDEUM; C & D FROM METARRHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE; E FROM ROSELLINIA NECATRIX. /CYTOCHALASINS/

EXPTL USE: THE EFFECTS OF VINBLASTINE, COLCHICINE, LIDOCAINE, & CYTOCHALASIN B ON TUMOR CELL KILLING BY BCG-ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES WERE EXAMINED. CYTOCHALASIN B, WHICH DISRUPTS MICROFILAMENTS, ENHANCED TUMOR CELL LYSIS & STASIS DUE TO ACTIVATED MARCOPHAGES AT A CONCN OF 10-7 MOLES. WHERAS VINBLASTINE & LIDOCAINE SEEM TO ACT ON THE MACROPHAGE ITSELF, CYTOCHALASIN B EXERTS ITS EFFECT PREDOMINANTLY ON THE TUMOR CELL. MICROTUBULES & MICROFILAMENTS MAY PLAY A ROLE IN THE DESTRUCTION OF TUMOR CELLS BY ACTIVATED MARCOPHAGES.|EXPTL USE: CYTOCHALASIN B & COLCHICINE DECREASED THE NUMBER OF MOTILE CELLS WHEN ADDED TO YOSHIDA SARCOMA CELLS AT 5 & 0.4 MUG/ML, RESPECTIVELY. CYTOCHALASIN B ALSO DECREASED THE MOTILITY OF THE CELLS & DOSE-DEPENDENTLY INHIBITED THEIR GROWTH.|EXPTL USE: IN CULTURED IRC 741 RAT LEUKEMIA CELLS, CYTOCHALASIN B (1.5-4 MUG/ML) CAUSED DOSE-DEPENDENT BINUCLEATION & INHIBITION OF THE NORMAL INCREASE IN CELL NUMBER. IN CELLS ENTERING DIVISION AFTER EXPOSURE TO CYTOCHALASIN B FOR UP TO 24 HR, FURROWING WAS COMPLETELY INHIBITED IN A DOSE-DEPENDENT PROPORTION OF CELLS.

...IN THE BIOSYNTHESES OF CYTOCHALASIN B (PHOMIN) BY PHOMA SPECIES & CYTOCHALASIN D BY ZYGOSPORIUM MASONII...A NUMBER OF (14)C & (3)H PRECURSORS WERE FED TO PHOMA SPECIES & PRECISE DEGRADATION REACTIONS WERE PERFORMED TO REVEAL THE FORMATION OF CYTOCHALASIN B FROM ONE UNIT OF PHENYLALANINE, NINE UNITS OF ACETATE-MALONATE, & TWO UNITS OF METHIONINE. THE LABELLING PATTERN WAS ALSO CONFIRMED IN THE CASE OF CYTOCHALASIN D.|THE FORMATION OF CYTOCHALASIN B (PHOMIN) BY AN ENZYMATIC BAYER-VILLIGER TYPE OXYGEN INSERTION WAS PROVED BY A DIRECT CONVERSION OF LABELLED DEOXAPHOMIN BY PHOMA SPECIES.

MAJOR BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS ARE THE BLOCKAGE OF CYTOPLASMIC CLEAVAGE RESULTING IN MULTINUCLEATE CELL FORMATION, THE INHIBITION OF CELL MOVEMENT, & THE INDUCTION OF NUCLEAR EXTRUSION... OTHER REPORTED EFFECTS INCLUDE THE INHIBITION OF GLUCOSE TRANSPORT, OF THYROID SECRETION, OF GROWTH HORMONE RELEASE, OF PHAGOCYTOSIS, & OF PLATELET AGGREGATION & CLOT CONTRACTION. /CYTOCHALASINS/|THROUGH THE USE OF (3)H-LABELLED CYTOCHALASINS B & D THE PRECISE BINDING SITES & SUB-CELLULAR LOCALIZATION ARE NOW UNDER INVESTIGATION... EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS OBTAINED THUS FAR SUPPORT THE IDEA THAT THE PRIMARY EFFECT IS MEMBRANOTROPIC, PERHAPS INVOLVING THE ASSOCIATION OF MICROFILAMENTS WITH THE PLASMA MEMBRANE. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE EFFECT OF CYTOCHALASIN B ON NORMAL & TRANSFORMED CELLS DIFFERS; THE LATTER BECOME MORE HIGHLY MULTINUCLEATED THAN NORMAL CELLS.|THE INFLUENCE OF CYTOCHALASIN B & E ON INTESTINAL DIGESTION OF MALTOSE & SUCROSE, & THEIR DIGESTION PRODUCTS AS GLUCOSE & FRUCTOSE WAS INVESTIGATED IN THE MOUSE IN VITRO. NEITHER DIGESTION OF MALTOSE OR SUCROSE NOR ACTIVITIES OF MALTASE OR SUCRASE IN EVERTED SACS OF MOUSE JEJUNUM WAS AFFECTED BY CYTOCHALASIN B OR E AT 5.0 & 10.0 MUG/ML AFTER 60 MIN INCUBATION. HOWEVER, ABSORPTION OF GLUCOSE DERIVED FROM MALTOSE OR SUCROSE DIGESTION WAS INHIBITED BY 68.5 & 65.9% DUE TO CYTOCHALASIN E (5.0 MUG/ML) & BY 29.5 & 13.1% DUE TO CYTOCHALASIN B AT THE SAME CONCN. CYTOCHALASINS B & E SEEMED TO STIMULATE ABSORPTION OF FRUCTOSE DERIVED FROM SUCROSE DIGESTION IN MOUSE JEJUNUM.|THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF CYTOCHALASIN E ON GALACTOSE ABSORPTION IN EVERTED SACS OF MOUSE JEJUNUM WAS STUDIED. CYTOCHALASIN B HAD THE HIGHEST POTENCY ON THE INHIBITION OF GALACTOSE ABSORPTION WHEN IT WAS ADDED IN THE MUCOSAL SOLN FOLLOWED BY CYTOCHALASIN E, A, C, & D, RESPECTIVELY.|For more Mechanism of Action (Complete) data for CYTOCHALASIN B (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

CYTOTOXICITY OF CYTOCHALASIN B ON HELA CELLS: SAMPLES WERE DISSOLVED IN DMSO AT 10 MG/ML & DILUTED IN THE MEDIUM. CELLS ON COVER-GLASSES WERE TREATED FOR 3-DAYS. DEGREE OF CYTOTOXICITY WAS ESTIMATED ON A SCALE RANGING '0' (LITTLE CELLULAR DAMAGE) THROUGH '4' (COMPLETE CYTOLYSIS) IN OBSERVING THE STAINED COVER-GLASSES. '2' DENOTES APPROXIMATE 50% GROWTH-INHIBITORY DOSE. SPECIFIC DOSAGE WITH RESPECTIVE CYTOTOXICITY RATING WAS NOTED: 32 UG/ML= 4 RATING; 10 UG/ML= 3.5 RATING; 3.2 UG/ML= 2.5 RATING; 1.0 UG/ML= 1 RATING; 0.32 UG/ML= 0 RATING. /FROM TABLE/|CYTOCHALASIN B CAUSED THE RAPID INHIBITION OF ORNITHINE DECARBOXYLASE & S-ADENOSYL METHIONINE DECARBOXYLASE ACTIVITIES FOLLOWED BY A GRADUAL BUT MARKED DECLINE IN INTRACELLULAR LEVELS OF PUTRESCINE & SPERMIDINE.|AN IN VITRO ASSAY SYSTEM WAS USED TO ASSESS THE INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF CYTOCHALASIN B ON HUMAN MONOCYTE FUNCTIONS. MICROMOLAR CONCN (1-2 MUMOL) OF CYTOCHALASIN B INHIBITED IGG-RBC ATTACHMENT & INGESTION BUT DID NOT HAVE MUCH EFFECT ON COMPLEMENT-MEDIATED RBC ADHERENCE OR LATEX PARTICLE INGESTION. HIGHER CONCN (10 & 20 MUMOL) SUPPRESSED ALL 3 MONOCYTE FUNCTIONS.|IN PURIFIED HUMAN PERIPHERAL BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES, LOW (0.01-10 MUMOL) CONCN OF CYTOCHALASINS A, B, E, & D PRODUCED MARKED AUGMENTATION OF TRANSPORT & METABOLIC RESPONSES TO PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININ (PHA) & CONCANAVALIN A (CON A), INCLUDING EFFECTS ON DNA SYNTHESIS, CYCLIC AMP ACCUMULATION, PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL TURNOVER, & SODIUM-DEPENDENT AMINO ACID TRANSPORT.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for CYTOCHALASIN B (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

THE MOST IMPORTANT & BIOLOGICALLY STUDIED OF THE CYTOCHALASINS.|THE CYTOCHALASINS GENERALLY CAN BE DESCRIBED AS A PHENYLALANINE OR TRYPTOPHAN MOIETY LINKED TO PERHYDROISOINDOLE MOIETY WHICH IS IN TURN LINKED TO A C16-C18 POLYKETIDE RING SYSTEM CONTAINING A CARBOCYCLIC (CYTOCHALASIN C), A LACTONE (CYTOCHALASIN A), OR A CYCLIC CARBONATE (CYTOCHALASIN E) MOIETY. /CYTOCHALASINS/

TLC DATA; DETECTION: A BLUE FLUORESCENT SPOT UNDER UV LIGHT AFTER SPRAYING WITH 50% ETHANOLIC H2SO4 & HEATING. WELLS JM ET AL; CAN J MICROBIOL 22: 1137 (1976).