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Home > Encyclopedia > Oxaprozin

Oxaprozin

pharmaceutical raw materials
Oxaprozin structure

Oxaprozin 

structure
  • CAS No:

    21256-18-8

  • Formula:

    C18H15NO3

  • Chemical Name:

    Oxaprozin

  • Synonyms:

    2-Oxazolepropanoic acid,4,5-diphenyl-;2-Oxazolepropionic acid,4,5-diphenyl-;4,5-Diphenyl-2-oxazolepropanoic acid;β-(4,5-Diphenyloxazol-2-yl)propionic acid;Oxaprozin;4,5-Diphenyl-2-oxazolepropionic acid;Wy 21743;Daypro;Durapro;Alvo;Duraprost;Oxapro;NSC 310839;Actirin;3-(4,5-Diphenyloxazol-2-yl)propionic acid;Oxoprazine;3-(4,5-Diphenyloxazol-2-yl)propanoic acid

  • Categories:

    Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients  >  Antipyretic Analgesics

Description

Oxaprozin is an inhibitor of both COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50s of 2.2 μM and 36 μM for human platelet COX-1 and IL-1-stimulated human synovial cell COX-2, respectively. Oxaprozin also inhibits the activation of NF-κB.


Solid


Oxaprozin is a monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It has a role as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and an analgesic. It is a member of 1,3-oxazoles and a monocarboxylic acid. It derives from a propionic acid.|Oxaprozin is a non-narcotic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.|Oxaprozin is a Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug. The mechanism of action of oxaprozin is as a Cyclooxygenase Inhibitor.|Oxaprozin is a long acting nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) available by prescription only which is used for therapy of chronic arthritis. Oxaprozin has been linked to rare instances of idiosyncratic drug induced liver disease.|Oxaprozin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) derivative of oxazole-propionic acid with analgesic and antipyretic properties. As a first generation NSAID inhibitor, oxaprozin binds to and inactivates both isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and-2), thereby blocking the conversion of arachidonic acid to pro-inflammatory prostaglandins. When inhibiting COX-2, this agent may be effective in relieving pain and inflammation; when inhibiting COX-1, it may produce unacceptable gastrointestinal side effects. (NCI04)|An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.

Oxaprozin Basic Attributes

293.32

293.32

244-296-1

MHJ80W9LRB

758949|310839

DTXSID1045118

C29307

Crystals from methanol

M - Musculo-skeletal system

29349990

Characteristics

63.3

4.2

solid

1.2±0.1 g/cm3

160.5-161.5 °C

467°C at 760 mmHg

236.2±25.4 °C

1.595

H2O: Insoluble

Store below 30 deg C (86 deg F), preferably between 15 and 30 deg C (59 and 86 deg F), in a tight, light-resistant container, unless otherwise specified by manufacturer. Note: Protect unit-dose packages from light.

1.8X10-9 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

TDLo orl-rbt: 39 mg/kg (female 6-18D post):TER IYKEDH 15,250,84

Henry's Law constant = 3.5X10-13 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

4.3|pKa = 4.3

169.7 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW, Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.8X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C (est)

Safety Information

NONH for all modes of transport

3

20/21/22-36/37/38

24/25-36/37/39-36-26

RP6990000

Xn,Xi

Irritant

Stable at normal temperatures and pressures.

P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, P501

H302

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

The Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations List identifies currently marketed prescription drug products, incl oxaprozin, approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by FDA under sections 505 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.

|Warning|H302 (33.33%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P391, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 3 companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Toxicity

Oral, mouse: LD50 = 1210 mg/kg; Oral, rabbit: LD50 = 172 mg/kg; Oral, rat: LD50 = 4470 mg/kg

Prospective studies show that up to 15% of patients taking oxaprozin chronically experience at least transient serum aminotransferase elevations. These usually resolve even with drug continuation. Marked aminotransferase elevations (>3 fold elevated) occur in approximately 1% of patients.

Prolonged concurrent use of acetaminophen with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug may increase the risk of adverse renal effects; it is recommended that patients be under close medical supervision while receiving such combined therapy. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/|Concurrent use /of alcohol or oral glucocorticoid or corticosteroids or chronic therapeutic use of corticotropin or potassium supplements/ with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug may increase the risk of gastrointestinal side effects, including ulceration or hemorrhage; however, concurrent use with a glucocorticoid or corticotropin in the treatment of arthritis may provide additional therapeutic benefit and permit reduction of glucocorticoid or corticotropin dosage. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/|Increased monitoring of the response to an antihypertensive agent may be advisable when /oxaprozin/ is used concurrently because ... oxaprozin has been shown to reduce or reverse the effects of antihypertensives, possibly by inhibiting renal prostaglandin synthesis and/or by causing sodium and fluid retention.|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may increase the hypoglycemic effect of these medications /oral antidiabetic agents or insulin/ because prostaglandins are directly involved in regulatory mechanisms of glucose metabolism and possibly because of displacement of the oral antidiabetics from serum proteins; dosage adjustments of the antidiabetic agent may be necessary; ... caution with concurrent use is recommended. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/|For more Interactions (Complete) data for OXAPROZIN (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LD50 Dog ip 200 mg/kg|LD50 Dog iv 124 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse ip 376 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse iv 93 mg/kg|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for OXAPROZIN (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The pharmacokinetics of oxaprozin have been investigated in patients with renal insufficiency. Oxaprozin's renal clearance decreased proportionally with creatinine clearance (CrCl), but since only about 5% of oxaprozin dose is excreted unchanged in the urine, the decrease in total body clearance becomes clinically important only in those subjects with highly decreased CrCl. Oxaprozin is not significantly removed from the blood in patients undergoing hemodialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) due to its high protein binding. Oxaprozin plasma protein binding may decrease in patients with severe renal deficiency. Dosage adjustment may be necessary in patients with renal insufficiency.|Approximately 95% of oxaprozin is metabolized by the liver. However, patients with well-compensated cirrhosis do not require reduced doses of oxaprozin as compared to patients with normal hepatic function. Nevertheless, caution should be observed in patients with severe hepatic dysfunction.

>99.5% bound to albumin

While data specific to oxaprozin were not located(SRC, 2008), the literature suggests that some pharmaceutically active compounds originating from human and veterinary therapy are not eliminated completely in municipal sewage treatment plants and are therefore discharged into receiving waters(1). Wastewater treatment processes often were not designed to remove them from the effluent(2). Selected organic waste compounds may be degrading to new and more persistent compounds that may be released instead of or in addition to the parent compound(2). Studies have indicated that several polar pharmaceutically active compounds can leach through soils(1).

... Oxaprozin is expected to be excreted in human milk based on its physical-chemical properties; however, the amount of oxaprozin excreted in breast milk has not been evaluated.

Drug Information

Used to relieve the inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and joint pain associated with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.|FDA Label

Oxaprozin is a long acting nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) available by prescription only which is used for therapy of chronic arthritis. Oxaprozin has been linked to rare instances of idiosyncratic drug induced liver disease.

Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs

Oxaprozin ... /is/ indicated for the treatment of acute or chronic rheumatoid arthritis. /Included in US product labeling/|Oxaprozin ... /is/ indicated for relief of acute or chronic osteoarthritis. /Included in US product labeling/|... In this open, multicenter, randomized, controlled study, eligible patients with periarthritis of the shoulder were randomized to receive either oxaprozin 1200 mg once daily (n = 49) or diclofenac 50 mg three times daily (n = 47). The treatment period was 15 +/- 1 days. The study was planned on a hypothesis of equivalence between the two study drugs. The primary study endpoint was the change from baseline at day 15 in the patient-assessed shoulder pain score. Secondary efficacy variables included investigator-assessed shoulder function, patient-assessed quality of life on the Short-Form-36 (SF-36) Acute Health Survey and both patients' and investigators' overall assessment of efficacy. At day 15, the mean changes in shoulder pain score from baseline in the oxaprozin and diclofenac groups were -5.85 +/- SD 4.62 and -5.54 +/- SD 4.41, respectively. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant, confirming the hypothesis of the study that oxaprozin is as effective as diclofenac. Investigator-assessed shoulder function improved in both groups but more so in the oxaprozin group (p = 0.028 at day 15). Quality of life as measured by SF-36 total score was also improved in both treatment groups, with a trend toward greater improvement in the oxaprozin group. Furthermore, a significantly more favorable effect on the SF-36 'mental health' item was observed in oxaprozin compared with diclofenac-treated patients at day 15 (p = 0.0202). As assessed by investigators, the overall efficacy of oxaprozin was superior to that for diclofenac at visit 3 (8 +/- 1 days) (p = 0.0067). Patients also assessed the overall efficacy of oxaprozin as superior to that of diclofenac at visits 3 (8 +/- 1 days) (p = 0.0235) and 4 (15 +/- 1 days) (p = 0.0272). Only six adverse events, all of which were mild or moderate in intensity and occurred in four diclofenac recipients, were observed in the study. As expected, once-daily oxaprozin proved to be as effective as diclofenac three times daily in reducing the primary efficacy variable of patient-assessed shoulder pain score in patients with periarthritis of the shoulder refractory to previous treatments with other NSAIDs. Oxaprozin was shown to be superior to diclofenac in improving shoulder function and was considered by investigators and patients to have greater overall efficacy than diclofenac. In addition, oxaprozin showed a trend toward superior results in improving patients' quality of life compared with diclofenac. A trend towards better tolerability results for oxaprozin compared with diclofenac was also noted.|/EXPL THER/: The effects of eye drops containing a propionic acid derivative (oxaprozin) at 0.1% concentration on ocular inflammation produced by sodium arachidonate in the rabbit's eye were evaluated. Furthermore, the aqueous bioavailability of the drug formulation in the uninflamed and inflamed eyes was evaluated. Oxaprozin eye drops significantly reduced the signs of ocular inflammation elicited by sodium arachidonate on conjunctiva and iris. Oxaprozin treatment significantly reduced the levels of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and protein concentration in aqueous samples obtained from the eyes treated with arachidonate. Present data suggest, for the first time, that oxaprozin may be employed topically to prevent ocular reactions where the arachidonic acid cascade is activated.

Clinical trials of several COX-2 selective and nonselective NSAIDs of up to three years duration have shown an increased risk of serious cardiovascular thrombotic events, myocardial infarction, and stroke, which can be fatal. All NSAIDs, both COX-2 selective and nonselective, may have a similar risk. Patients with known cardiovascular disease or risk factors for cardiovascular disease may be at greater risk. To minimize the potential risk for an adverse cardiovascular event in patients treated with a NSAID, the lowest effective dose should be used for the shortest duration possible. Physicians and patients should remain alert for the development of such events, even in the absence of previous cardiovascular symptoms. Patients should be informed about the signs and/or symptoms of serious cardiovascular events and the steps to take if they occur. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/|NSAIDs, including Daypro, can cause serious gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events including inflammation, bleeding, ulceration, and perforation of the stomach, small intestine, or large intestine, which can be fatal. These serious adverse events can occur at any time, with or without warning symptoms, in patients treated with NSAIDs. Only one in five patients, who develop a serious upper GI adverse event on NSAID therapy, is symptomatic. Upper GI ulcers, gross bleeding, or perforation caused by NSAIDs occur in approximately 1% of patients treated for 3-6 months, and in about 2-4% of patients treated for one year. These trends continue with longer duration of use, increasing the likelihood of developing a serious GI event at some time during the course of therapy. However, even short-term therapy is not without risk.|NSAIDs should be prescribed with extreme caution in those with a prior history of ulcer disease or gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients with a prior history of peptic ulcer disease and/or gastrointestinal bleeding who use NSAIDs have a greater than 10-fold increased risk for developing a GI bleed compared to patients treated with neither of these risk factors. Other factors that increase the risk of GI bleeding in patients treated with NSAIDs include concomitant use of oral corticosteroids or anticoagulants, longer duration of NSAID therapy, smoking, use of alcohol, older age, and poor general health status. Most spontaneous reports of fatal GI events are in elderly or debilitated patients and therefore, special care should be taken in treating this population. To minimize the potential risk for an adverse GI event in patients treated with an NSAID, the lowest effective dose should be used for the shortest possible duration. Patients and physicians should remain alert for signs and symptoms of GI ulcerations and bleeding during NSAID therapy and promptly initiate additional evaluation and treatment if a serious GI event is suspected. This should include discontinuation of the NSAID until a serious GI adverse event is ruled out. For high risk patients, alternate therapies that do not involve NSAIDs should be considered. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/|As with other NSAIDs, anaphylactoid reactions may occur in patients without known prior exposure to Daypro. Daypro should not be given to patients with the aspirin triad. This symptom complex typically occurs in asthmatic patients who experience rhinitis with or without nasal polyps, or who exhibit severe, potentially fatal bronchospasm after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs|For more Drug Warnings (Complete) data for OXAPROZIN (18 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Oxaprozin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Oxaprozin is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, dysmenorrhea, and to alleviate moderate pain.

Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects. (See all compounds classified as Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal.)|Compounds or agents that combine with cyclooxygenase (PROSTAGLANDIN-ENDOPEROXIDE SYNTHASES) and thereby prevent its substrate-enzyme combination with arachidonic acid and the formation of eicosanoids, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes. (See all compounds classified as Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors.)

Oxaprozin is 95% absorbed after oral administration. Food may reduce the rate of absorption of oxaprozin, but the extent of absorption is unchanged. Antacids do not significantly affect the extent and rate of oxaprozin absorption.|Oxaprozin is expected to be excreted in human milk based on its physical-chemical properties; however, the amount of oxaprozin excreted in breast milk has not been evaluated. Approximately 95% of oxaprozin is metabolized by the liver. Approximately 5% of the oxaprozin dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. Sixty-five percent (65%) of the dose is excreted in the urine and 35% in the feces as metabolite. Biliary excretion of unchanged oxaprozin is a minor pathway. Several oxaprozin metabolites have been identified in human urine or feces.|11 to 17 L/70 kg|In dose proportionality studies utilizing 600, 1200 and 1800 mg doses, the pharmacokinetics of oxaprozin in healthy subjects demonstrated nonlinear kinetics of both the total and unbound drug in opposite directions, i.e., dose exposure related increase in the clearance of total drug and decrease in the clearance of the unbound drug. Decreased clearance of the unbound drug was related predominantly to a decrease in the volume of distribution and not an increase in the half-life. This phenomenon is considered to have minimal impact on drug accumulation upon multiple dosing. The apparent volume of distribution (Vd/F) of total oxaprozin is approximately 11-17 L/70 kg. Oxaprozin is 99% bound to plasma proteins, primarily to albumin. At therapeutic drug concentrations, the plasma protein binding of oxaprozin is saturable, resulting in a higher proportion of the free drug as the total drug concentration is increased. With increases in single doses or following repetitive once-daily dosing, the apparent volume of distribution and clearance of total drug increased, while that of unbound drug decreased due to the effects of nonlinear protein binding. Oxaprozin penetrates into synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis patients with oxaprozin concentrations 2-fold and 3-fold greater than in plasma and synovial fluid, respectively. Oxaprozin is expected to be excreted in human milk based on its physical-chemical properties; however, the amount of oxaprozin excreted in breast milk has not been evaluated.|Daypro is 95% absorbed after oral administration. Food may reduce the rate of absorption of oxaprozin, but the extent of absorption is unchanged. Antacids do not significantly affect the extent and rate of Daypro absorption.|It is not known whether oxaprozin is distributed into human breast milk. However, it is distributed into the milk of lactating rats.|Approximately 5% of the oxaprozin dose is excreted unchanged in the urine. Sixty-five percent (65%) of the dose is excreted in the urine and 35% in the feces as metabolite. Biliary excretion of unchanged oxaprozin is a minor pathway, and enterohepatic recycling of oxaprozin is insignificant. Upon chronic dosing the accumulation half-life is approximately 22 hours. The elimination half-life is approximately twice the accumulation half-life due to increased binding and decreased clearance at lower concentrations.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for OXAPROZIN (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Hepatic. Ester and ether glucuronide are the major conjugated metabolites of oxaprozin, and do not have significant pharmacologic activity.|Several oxaprozin metabolites have been identified in human urine or feces. Oxaprozin is primarily metabolized by the liver, by both microsomal oxidation (65%) and glucuronic acid conjugation (35%). Ester and ether glucuronide are the major conjugated metabolites of oxaprozin. On chronic dosing, metabolites do not accumulate in the plasma of patients with normal renal function. Concentrations of the metabolites in plasma are very low. Oxaprozin's metabolites do not have significant pharmacologic activity. The major ester and ether glucuronide conjugated metabolites have been evaluated along with oxaprozin in receptor binding studies and in vivo animal models and have demonstrated no activity. A small amount (<5%) of active phenolic metabolites are produced, but the contribution to overall activity is limited.

54.9 hours|Upon chronic dosing the accumulation half-life is approximately 22 hours. The elimination half-life is approximately twice the accumulation half-life due to increased binding and decreased clearance at lower concentrations.

Anti-inflammatory effects of Oxaprozin are believed to be due to inhibition of cylooxygenase in platelets which leads to the blockage of prostaglandin synthesis. Antipyretic effects may be due to action on the hypothalamus, resulting in an increased peripheral blood flow, vasodilation, and subsequent heat dissipation. Oxaprozin is a non-selective NSAID, with a cell assay system showing lower COX-2 selectivity implying higher COX-1 selectivity.|This study was undertaken to evaluate the scavenging activity for reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) by several nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), namely indole derivatives (indomethacin, acemetacin, etodolac), pyrrole derivatives (tolmetin and ketorolac), and an oxazole derivative (oxaprozin). The inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis constitutes the primary mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action of these drugs. Nevertheless, it has been suggested that the anti-inflammatory activity of NSAIDs may be also partly due to their ability to scavenge ROS and RNS and to inhibit the respiratory burst of neutrophils triggered by various activator agents. Thus, the scavenging activity of these NSAIDs was evaluated against an array of ROS (O(2)(-), HO, HOCl, and ROO) and RNS (NO and ONOO(-)) using noncellular in vitro systems. The results obtained demonstrated that tolmetin, ketorolac, and oxaprozin were not active against O(2)(-), while acemetacin, indomethacin, and etodolac exhibited concentration-dependent effects. Oxaprozin was also the least active scavenger for HO, among all the tested NSAIDs shown to be active. The scavenging effect for HOCl was not observed for any of the tested NSAIDs. The ROO was effectively scavenged by etodolac, with the other tested NSAIDs being much less active. NO and ONOO(-) were scavenged by all the tested NSAIDs.|Oxaprozin is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug characterised by a propionic acid-based structure. It is able to diffuse easily into inflamed synovial tissues after oral administration. Although discovered > 20 years ago, it is now under intensive investigation because of its unusual pharmacodynamic properties. Other than being a nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, the drug is capable of inhibiting both anandamide hydrolase in neurons (median inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 85 umol/L), with consequent potent analgesic activity, and NF-kappaB activation in inflammatory cells (IC50 = 50 umol/L). Moreover, oxaprozin induces apoptosis of activated monocytes in a dose-dependent manner, with the effect being detectable at a concentration of 5 micromol/L and reaching the maximum activity at 50 umol/L. As monocyte-macrophages and NF-kappaB pathways are crucial for synthesis of proinflammatory and histotoxic mediators in inflamed joints, oxaprozin appears to be endowed with pharmacodynamic properties exceeding those presently assumed as markers of classical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

There is no antidote. Vitamin K may be used for patients with elevated prothrombin time caused by hypoprothrombinemia. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/|Emergency and supportive measures: Maintain on open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Administer supplemental oxygen. Treat seizures, coma, and hypotension if the occur. Antacids may be used for mild GI upset. Replace fluid losses with intravenous crystalloid solutions. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/|Administer activated charcoal orally if conditions are appropriate. Gastric lavage is not necessary after small to moderate ingestions if activated charcoal can be given promptly. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/|Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are highly protein bound and extensively metabolized. Thus, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialyses, and forced diuresis are not likely to be effective. /Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ No patient experienced either an accidental or intentional overdosage of daypro in the clinical trials of the drug. Symptoms following acute overdose with other NSAIDs are usually limited to lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain and are generally reversible with supportive care. Gastrointestinal bleeding and coma have occurred following NSAID overdose. Hypertension, acute renal failure, and respiratory depression are rare. Anaphylactoid reactions have been reported with therapeutic ingestion of NSAIDs, and may occur following an overdose.|/CASE REPORTS/ A 41-year-old white woman was admitted to the hospital with malaise, anorexia, and right upper quadrant pain. The patient was found to have severe jaundice with liver enzyme elevation. Laboratory test results for potential etiologies were negative, except for the use of oxaprozin for the preceding six weeks. Diagnosis of drug-induced hepatotoxicity was made by liver biopsy. The patient's symptoms resolved and liver enzymes normalized after oxaprozin was discontinued.|/CASE REPORTS/ A 56-year-old woman was admitted with fulminant hepatic failure. Work-up for potential etiologies was negative except for the use of oxaprozin for the preceding two months. Results of premortem liver biopsy were consistent with drug-induced hepatic injury similar to that previously reported with diclofenac. ... Elevations in hepatic transaminase concentrations and now fulminant hepatic failure have been shown to occur with oxaprozin, as previously seen with other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Transaminitis is a known adverse effect of NSAID use, but is usually mild and reversible with discontinuation of drug. Transaminitis may be more likely to occur in the elderly, in patients receiving concurrent potentially hepatotoxic medications, and possibly with the newer long-acting NSAIDs. The existence of fulminant hepatitis, although rare, supports the need for monitoring liver function enzymes during NSAID therapy.|/CASE REPORTS/ Pseudoporphyria is a diagnosis that is used when porphyria-like clinical lesions arise in the setting of normal porphyrin levels. This condition was first described in the 1960s and was initially related to the use of certain antibiotic drugs. In 1985, pseudoporphyria was first attributed to the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). ... six patients diagnosed with pseudoporphyria /are described/ ... The patients ranged in age from 27 to 59 years and had a female:male predominance of 2:1. The offending NSAID was DayPro (oxaprozin) for three of the patients, Relafen (nabumetone) for two of the patients, and Aleve (naproxen) for one patient. For each patient, histology and immunofluorescence was either consistent with the diagnosis of porphyria cutanea tarda or nonspecific, while serum, stool, and urine porphyrins did not support that diagnosis. Withdrawal of the offending agent provided relief from the clinical symptoms for each patient. None of our patients were rechallenged with the putative offending drug. However, prolonged avoidance has provided a sustained remission from symptoms in all six patients. Pseudoporphyria is a relatively rarely reported condition. Clinical suspicion with appropriate laboratory and histopathologic findings help to make this diagnosis, and exclude true porphyrias. Rechallenge with the offending drug to produce symptom relapse has been proposed to be helpful in confirming this diagnosis of exclusion. Since all 6 patients with drug-induced pseudoporphyria experienced resolution of their symptoms after discontinuing the offending agent, we propose that this clinical correlation alone is sufficient to confirm this diagnosis. ...|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for OXAPROZIN (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

4,5 Diphenyl 2 oxazolepropionic Acid

Oxaprozin Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

Preparation: FR 2001036 (1969 Inst Farm Serano); ... K. Brown GB 1206403 and US 3578671 (1970, 1971 to Wyeth)

Uses

antiparasitic

Oral: Tablets, film-coated: 600 mg Daypro Caplets (scored), (Searle).|600 mg tablets

Analyte: oxaprozin; matrix: bulk material; procedure: reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 254 nm; limit of detection: 54 ng/mL|Analyte: oxaprozin; matrix: chemical identification; procedure: infrared absorption spectrophotometry with comparison to standards|Analyte: oxaprozin; matrix: chemical identification; procedure: ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry with comparison to standards|Analyte: oxaprozin; matrix: chemical purity; procedure: dissolution in alcohol; potentiometric titration with sodium hydroxide|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for OXAPROZIN (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Analyte: oxaprozin; matrix: blood (plasma); procedure: high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 290 nm; limit of detection: 500 ng/mL|Analyte: oxaprozin; matrix: blood (plasma); procedure: high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection at 280 nm; limit of detection: 500 ng/mL

Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients|Pharmaceuticals

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:293.3
XLogP3:4.2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:4
Rotatable Bond Count:5
Exact Mass:293.10519334
Monoisotopic Mass:293.10519334
Topological Polar Surface Area:63.3
Heavy Atom Count:22
Complexity:361
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Drug Function and Efficacy

This product has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase and thus inhibits the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. It has a mild effect on digestive tract damage and has a long-lasting effect.

This ingredient has been used in drugs with the following functions (note: it does not mean that the ingredient itself has the following health functions)

Related Drugs

Registered Holders

  • Katwijk Chemie BV

    United States United States
    Active
  • スペラネクサス株式会社

    Japan Japan
    Active
  • COSMA S.P.A.

    Brazil Brazil
    Active

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