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Copper oxide (CuO)

Copper oxide (CuO) structure

CAS No:
1317-38-0
Formula:
CuO
Chemical Name:
Copper oxide (CuO)
Synonyms:
Copper oxide (CuO);C.I. 77403;Black copper oxide;C.I. Pigment Black 15;Copper Brown;Cupric oxide;Banacobru OL;Copper(II) oxide;Copper monoxide;Copper(2+) oxide;Copper monooxide;Copper(II) oxide (CuO);Copper monoxide (CuO);Copper oxide;Copporal;Copacaps;Coopers Permatrace Copper;NSC 83537;Copper oxide (Cu4O4);N 120;N 120 (oxide);ET;Nanotek CuO;NanoActive CuO;BYK-LP x 20704;N 520;NanoArc U 1102DBE;Copinox Lamb;Nanotek CuO-C;YC;JCPDS 44-0706;NB 2;NB 2 (oxide);FCO 500;ZG 3;DXN-KD 20;SC 428;185461-92-1
Categories:
Cosmetic Ingredient > Antimicrobials

Description

Finely divided black particulate dispersed in air. [Note: Exposure may occur in copper & brass plants and during the welding of copper alloys.]

Copper(II) oxide is a metal oxide that has the formula CuO. It has an ionic structure. It contains a copper(2+).|Cupric oxide, or copper (II) oxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CuO. Cupric oxide is used as a precursor in many copper-containing products such as wood preservatives and ceramics. Cupric oxide may be found in over-the-counter vitamin-mineral supplements as a source of [DB09130]. The mean daily dietary intake of copper in adults ranges between 0.9 and 2.2 mg. Common routes of cupric oxide exposure include ingestion, dermal exposure and inhalation. Copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (NPCuO) have industrial applications as antimicrobial agents in textiles and paints, and catalysts in organic synthesis. They may also be produced from electronic wastes. Cupric oxide poses potential health and environmental concern due to toxic and mutagenic particles generating reactive oxygen species.

Copper oxide (CuO) Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

79.54540

Exact Mass：

78.92450

EC Number：

215-269-1

UNII：

V1XJQ704R4

HScode：

2825500000

Characteristics

PSA：

17.07000

XLogP3：

-0.12130

Appearance：

black crystalline powder

Density：

6.315 g/cm³ @ Temp: 14 °C

Melting Point：

1326 °C

Boiling Point：

1026ºC (decomp)

Refractive Index：

2.63

Water Solubility：

Insoluble

Storage Conditions：

Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

Vapor Pressure：

0 mmHg (approx)

Flammability characteristics：

CuO: Noncombustible Solid

Explosive limit：

Explodes when heated with powdered aluminum; anilinium perchlorate; hydrogen; magnesium; and phthalic anhydride.

Safety Information

Transport codes：

UN 3077 9 / PGIII

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

R22

safety instructions：

S22

RTECS Number：

GL7900000

Marks：

Stability/Shelf Life：

Stable. Incompatible with reducing agents, hydrogen sulfide, aluminium, alkali metals, finely powdered metals.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P273

Hazard Statements：

H400

Toxicity

Toxicity Summary：

Copper toxicity involves gastrointestinal irritation and liver and kidney toxicity. Reported No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Levels (NOAELs) of copper are in the range of 23-104 mg/kg bw/day, but kidney effects have been shown in male rats at levels as low as 10 mg/kg bw/day. Severe intoxication is associated with serum copper levels greater than 500 mcg/dL. The estimated lethal dose in an untreated adult is 10 to 20 g copper.

Protein Binding：

Once dissociated, copper is known to bind to serum albumin, ceruloplasmin, and other low-molecular weight complexes.

Drug Information

Drug Indication：

No FDA- or EMA-approved therapeutic indications.

Pharmacology：

For pharmacodynamic information of copper, refer to drug entry for [DB09130]. Copper(II) oxide nanoparticles are known to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cytotoxicity. In a comparative toxicity assay, nanoparticles caused significant mitochondrial depolarization leading to DNA damage. In the human skin organ culture study, topical application of copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles induced inflammatory cytokine secretion and necrosis _in vitro_, indicating that the nanoparticles may adhere to the skin surface and react with the local acidic environment.

Absorption：

Following oral administration, copper is mainly absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract from the stomach, duodenum, and jejunum. All other intakes of copper (inhalation and dermal) are insignificant in comparison to the oral route. The bioavailability of copper from cupric oxide depends on the solubilization of the oxide in the gastrointestinal tract. According to studies on cattle and swine, copper oxide displays low absorption rate and high excretion rate. In rats exposed to aerosols containing 50-80 mg/m^3, pulmonary uptake of copper oxide occurred.|Copper undergoes biliary excretion.|Following exposure to cupric oxide aerosols containing 50-80 mg/m^3 in rats, particles were found in plasma 6 hours post-exposure and copper oxide was also observed in the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney.|No pharmacokinetic data available.

Metabolism/Metabolites：

Cupric oxide may dissolve in acids including hydrochloric acid to form copper (II) chloride. As an inorganic compound, cupric oxide is unlikely to undergo biological degradation.

Biological Half-Life：

No pharmacokinetic data available.

Mechanism of Action：

For pharmacodynamic information of copper, refer to drug entry for [DB09130]. Copper(II) oxide nanoparticles generate DNA-damaging reactive oxygen species at the nanoparticle surface or in solution by copper dissolved from the nanoparticle surface via Fenton-like reactions. In presence of H2O2, ascorbate, or both, copper (II) oxide generates hydroxyl radical, ascorbyl radical, and superoxide anion that interact with DNA, proteins, and lipids cause oxidative damage and cell death.

Copper oxide (CuO) Use and Manufacturing

Copper(II) oxide or cupric oxide is the inorganic compound with the formula CuO. A black solid, it is one of the two stable oxides of copper, the other being Cu2O. As a mineral, it is known as tenorite and paramelaconite. It is a product of copper mining and the precursor to many other copper-containing products and chemical compounds.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:79.55
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:1
Exact Mass:78.924512
Monoisotopic Mass:78.924512
Topological Polar Surface Area:1
Heavy Atom Count:2
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:2
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Material

Copper sulfate

Downstream Products

Glyoxal

Furfuryl alcohol

Drug Function and Efficacy

Copper is involved in the synthesis of certain essential substances in the body, such as proteins in connective tissue, bones and blood vessels, as well as many neuroactive substances involved in the function of nervous tissue.

This ingredient has been used in drugs with the following functions (note: it does not mean that the ingredient itself has the following health functions)

Related Drugs

Calcium Carbonate Vitamin D3 Tablets (4)
Ingredients	This product is a compound preparation. Each tablet contains 1.5g of calcium carbonate (equivalent to 600mg of calcium), 200 international units of vitamin D3, 1.252mg of copper oxide (1.0mg of copper), 82.89mg of magnesium oxide (50mg of magnesium), 9.337mg of zinc oxide (7.5mg of zinc), and 5.541mg of manganese sulfate monohydrate (1.8mg of manganese). Excipients are: cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, cross-linked pyrrolidone, pyrrolidone, sodium lauryl sulfate, gray rose red pigment (coating material), and light mineral oil (coating material).
Indication	1. This product should not be used in combination with digitalis drugs. 2. Drinking a lot of alcoholic and caffeinated beverages and smoking a lot will inhibit the absorption of calcium. 3. Eating a lot of fiber-rich foods can inhibit calcium absorption, because calcium combines with cellulose to form compounds that are not easily absorbed. 4. This product is used with phenytoin sodium and tetracyclines, and the absorption of both is reduced. 5. Vitamin D, contraceptives, and estrogen can increase calcium absorption. 6. When this product is used in combination with thiazide diuretics, hypercalcemia is likely to occur due to increased renal tubular calcium reabsorption. 7. When this product is used in combination with potassium-containing drugs, attention should be paid to arrhythmias. 8. It should not be used in combination with drugs containing a large amount of magnesium and calcium to avoid causing high magnesium and hypercalcemia. 9. If used with other drugs at the same time, drug interactions may occur. Please consult a doctor or pharmacist for details.
Specifications	Compound
Manufacturer	Haleon (Suzhou) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

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