Ammonium fluoride

37.03690

37.04

235-185-9

4QT928IM0A

1223

2505

DTXSID6050463

Deliquescent leaflets or needles; hexagonal prisms by sublimation; occurs commercially as a granular powder|White hexagonal crystals

2826191090

1 Ų

0.90890

Ammonium fluoride is a white crystalline solid. It is soluble in water. It is noncombustible. It is corrosive to aluminum. It is used in chemical analysis, in brewing, and as a preservative for wood.

1.015 g/cm³

98ºC

64.6ºC

H2O: soluble

Store at RT.

5990mmHg at 25°C

Odorless

The aqueous solution is acidic.

Granular powder /Commercial/|Heat of Solution: 72 Btu/lb = 40 cal/g = 1.7X10+5 J/kg; Specific Gravity: 1.32 at 25 °C (solid)|Hygroscopic|Heat of formation: -466.9 kJ/mol (-116 kcal/mol)|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for AMMONIUM FLUORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Dissolves in water and forms dilute solution of hydrofluoric acid. May corrode glass, cement, and most metals (USCG, 1999). Water soluble.

Salts, Acidic

Ammonium fluoride reacts with water to form hydrofluoric acid, a source of fluoride ions. Unlike other halide ions, the fluoride ion is quite reactive, acting as a weak base and participating in some unique reactions. In particular, fluorides react strongly with compounds containing calcium, magnesium, or silicon ions, which means that solutions containing soluble fluorides are corrosive to both living tissue and glass. Hydrofluoric acid can cause severe chemical burns and is one of the few materials that can etch glass. It is also a toxic gas in its anhydrous form.

Not flammable

Corrodes glass|At fire temp corrodes metals|May corrode cement

III

6.1

UN 2505

1

R23/24/25

S1/2-S26-S45

BQ6300000

T

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, water, most common metals, strong bases, strong acids. Attacks glass.

Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P280-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P305 + P351 + P338 + P310

H301 + H311 + H331-H318

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

reacts with acids to produce hydrogen fluoride. Reacts with alkalies, soluble calcium salts to produce ammonia gas.|The solution in water is a weak acid. Reacts with chlorine trifluoride. This generates explosion hazard. Attacks glass and metal.|Incompatibilities: Chlorine trifluoride|The reaction gases /of chlorine trifluoride & ammonium fluoride/ (containing chlorodifluoramine) must be handled at below -5 °C to avoid explosion.|Incompatibilities: Quinine salts; soluble calcium salts.

Steele, "Ammonium Fluoride" in Mellor's vol VIII, supplement I, Nitrogen (part 1), 370-377 (1964).|Indian Chemical Manufacturers Association (1986). Chemical safety information|USEPA, Office of Drinking Water; Criteria Document (Draft): Fluoride p.vi-48 (1985)|WHO; Environ Health Criteria: Fluoride (1984)

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic ammonia and hydrogen fluoride gases are formed in fires. Behavior in Fire: May sublime when hot and condense on cool surfaces (USCG, 1999)|Not combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Danger|H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H301 (100%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 3016 companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P310, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P311, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]|P260, P264, P270, P280, P305+P351+P338, P314, P337+P313, and P501|Warning|H335: May cause respiratory irritation [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure; Respiratory tract irritation]|P260, P261, P271, P304+P340, P312, P314, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Dust mask; goggles or face shield; rubber gloves (USCG, 1999)|Protective gloves.|Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.|Use local exhaust or breathing protection.|Wear appropriate chemical protective goves, boots and goggles.|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for AMMONIUM FLUORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Not flammable or combustible.

Use appropriaet extinguishing agents on nearby combustibel fires. Use water spray to knock down acid vapors.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)

Spill or leak procedures: Isolate the area. Stop or control the leak. If this can be done without undue risk. Shovel into suitable dry container.|Sweep spilled substance into covered dry, plastic containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations. Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment.|Environmental considerations- land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.|Environmental considerations- water spill: Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). Adjust pH to neutral (pH= 7). Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.|If material not involved in fire: Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.|Personnel protection: Keep upwind. ... Avoid breathing vapors or dusts. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated.|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.|/GUIDE 154: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (NON-COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for AMMONIUM FLUORIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Irritating to eyes, nose, and throat.

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 2.5 mg/cu m. /Fluorides, as F/|Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-2 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 2.5 mg/cu m. /Fluoride as dust/

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 2.5 mg/cu m. /Sodium fluoride (as F)

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered dry, plastic containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Separated from incompatible materials and food and feedstuffs. See Chemical Dangers. Dry. Well closed.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Corrosive on ingestion.

The substance may have effects on the bones and teeth. This may result in fluorosis.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection if powder.

| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.| 0 - Materials that will not burn under typical fire conditions, including intrinsically noncombustible materials such as concrete, stone, and sand.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 100 lb or 45.4 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV.D.3.b).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of ammonium fluoride is 100 to 999; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 17,582 workers (5,107 of these were female) were potentially exposed to ammonium fluoride in the US(1). Occupational exposure to ammonium fluoride may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where ammonium fluoride is produced or used.

Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes. (See all compounds classified as Mutagens.)

Following ingestion, soluble fluorides are rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract at least to the extent of 97%. Absorbed fluoride is distributed throughout the tissues of the body by the blood. Fluoride concentrations in soft tissues fall to pre-exposure levels within a few hours of exposure. Fluoride exchange with hydroxyl radicals of hydroxyapatite (the inorganic constituent of bone) to form fluorohydroxyapatite. Fluoride that is not retained is excreted rapidly in urine. In adults under steady state intake conditions, the urinary concentration of fluoride tends to approximate the concentration of fluoride in the drinking water. This reflects the decreasing retention of fluoride (primarily in bone) with increasing age. Under certain conditions perspiration may be an important route of fluoride excretion. The concentration of fluoride retained in bones and teeth is a function of both the concentration of fluoride intake and the duration of exposure. Periods of excessive fluoride exposure will result in increased retention in the bone. However, when the excessive exposure is eliminated, the bone fluoride concentration will decrease to a concentration that is again reflective of intake. /Fluoride/

Inhalation of dust may cause irritation of respiratory system. Ingestion is harmful; readily soluble fluorides may be fatal if relatively small quantities are swallowed. Contact with eyes causes local irritation of the mucous membrane. Contact with skin may cause burns. High concs. of fluorine in the urine have been reported following skin contact. (USCG, 1999)

Begin first aid as quickly as possible. INHALATION: remove to fresh air. INGESTION: perform gastric lavage with limewater or 1% calcium chloride solution; support respiration; call a physician. EYES: flush with water for 15 min.; consult physician. SKIN: shower immediately with large quantities of water; remove all contaminated clothing in the shower at once; consult physician. (USCG, 1999)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Fluorine and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Fluorine and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Ingestion of soluble fluoride salts. Salty or soapy taste, salivation, nausea. Repeated small doses (as in drinking water) may produce no other symptoms, but polyuria and polydipsia have also been reported. Large doses lead promptly to burning or crampy abdominal pain, intense vomiting and diarrhea, often with hematemesis and melena. Dehydration and thirst. Muscle weakness, tremors, and rarely transient epileptiform convulsions, preceded or followed by progressive central nervous depression (lethargy, coma and respiratory arrest, even in the absence of circulatory failure). Shock characterized by pallor, weak and thready pulse (sometimes irregular), shallow unlabored respiration, weak heart sounds, wet cold skin, cyanosis, anuria, dilated pupils, followed almost invariably by death in 2 to 4 hours. Even in the absence of shock, arrhythmias may occur, especially multiple episodes of ventricular fibrillation leading eventually to cardiac arrest. If the victim survives a few hours, paralysis of the muscles of deglutition, carpopedal spasm, and painful spasms of the extremities. Occasionally localized or generalized urticaria. The above signs and symptoms are related to a variety of metabolic disorders that may occur in acute fluoride poisoning, including hypocalcemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic and/or respiratory acidosis and sometimes hyperkalemia. /Fluoride/|/CASE REPORTS/ In two separate cases, pediatric patients exposed to Armor-All Quicksilver Wheel Cleaner exhibited systemic toxicity including mental status changes, marked hypocalcemia, and ventricular fibrillation. One child also demonstrated profound hypomagnesemia. These are the first pediatric reports of near-fatal outcomes after ingestion or inhalation of a hydrofluoric acid-like product, namely, ammonium bifluoride. /Ammonium Bifluoride/

ammonium bifluoride

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion.

Cough. Sore throat.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Grades: Technical; CP /chemically pure/.|GRADES OR PURITY: TECHNICAL, 96.0%; REAGENT; ELECTRONICS; LOW SODIUM MOS|-6 mesh particle size, 99.9% purity grade; 40% soln grade; electronic, ACS reagent grade

All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Ammonium fluoride ((NH4)F): ACTIVE|If it is needed in large quantities, one mole of aqueous ammonia can be mixed with one mole of the more readily available ammonium bifluoride.|Hydrofluoric acid was removed from waste gas from the mfr of fertilizers, phosphates, aluminum and enamels by 2 stage absorption with aqueous ammonium fluoride and ammonium bifluoride.

Nesslerization Method (Direct and Following Distillation) for the Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen. Direct Nesslerization is used for purified drinking waters, natural water, and highly purified wastewater effluents. This colorimetric method is sensitive to 20 ug/L. Interferences such as turbidity, color, and precipitates are corrected through distillation. At ammonia nitrogen concentrations of 200, 800, and 1500 ug/L, relative standard deviation is 38.1, 11.2, and 11.6% respectively and relative error is 0, 0, and 0.6% respectively. /Ammonia nitrogen/|Phenate Method for the Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen. This manual colorimetric technique is used to determine ammonia concentrations in wastewater effluent from 10-500 ug/L. The blue compound, indophenol, is formed by the reaction of ammonia, hypochlorite, and phenol catalyzed by a manganous salt. For ammonia concentrations of 200, 800, and 1500 ug/L, relative standard deviation is 39.2, 15.8, and 26.0% respectively, and relative error is 2.4, 1.5, and 10.0% respectively. /Ammonia nitrogen/|Titrimetric Method for the Determination of Ammonia Nitrogen. This method is applicable to ammonia concentrations in wastewater effluent greater than 5 mg/L. After distillation, the sample is titrated with 0.02 N sulfuric acid until a lavender color forms. For concentrations of 200, 800, and 1500 ug/L, relative standard deviation is 69.8, 28.6, and 21.6% respectively, and relative error is 20.0, 5.0, and 2.6% respectively. /Ammonia nitrogen/|Ammonia - Selective Electrode Method This method is applicable for the measurement of 0.03-1400 mg nitrogen ammonia/L in potable and surface waters and domestic and industrial wastes. The ammonia-selective electrode uses a hydrophobic gas-permeable membrane to separate the sample solution from an electrode internal solution of ammonium chloride. Ammonia diffuses through the membrane and changes the internal solution pH, which is sensed by a pH electrode. In an inter-laboratory study (12 laboratories) using effluent water samples at 0.04, 0.10, 0.80, 20, 100, and 750 mg/L, mean recovery was 100, 470, 105, 95, 97, and 99% respectively. /Ammonia nitrogen/|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for AMMONIUM FLUORIDE (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Matrix: urine: procedure: ion specific electrode; range: lower limit urine 0.19 mg/L. /Total fluoride/|Charged particle activation technique is useful in nondestructively determining concn profiles of F- in extracted teeth. /Fluoride/|NIOSH 8308: Analyte: fluoride ion (F-); Specimen: urine, pre- and post-shift; Vol: 50 mL in chemically clean polyethylene bottles; Preservative: 0.2 g EDTA added to bottles before collection; Stability: 2 wk at 4 °C, longer if frozen; Technique: ion selective electrode; Quality control: spike urine pools, correct for creatinine content; Range: 1-100 mg/L urine; Est LOD: 0.1 mg/L urine; Precision(Sr): 0.04; Interferences: Hydroxide, the only positive interference, is eliminated by use of the buffer /Fluoride in urine/

Cosmetics -> Antiplaque; Oral care