Uranyl fluoride

310.040 g/mol

310.05307 g/mol

236-898-8

DTXSID9065528

Pale yellow, rhombohedral, hygroscopic|Yellow, hygroscopic solid

34.1 Ų

6.37 g/cm³

300 °C (decomp)

Insoluble in benzene|64.4 g/100 g H2O at 20 °C

Hygroscopic|When heated to decomposition, UO2F2 emits toxic fluoride fumes.|Green-yellow fluorescence /uranyl ion/|Green tetravalent uranium and yellow uranyl ion (uranium dioxide(2+)) are the only species which are stable in soln. /Uranium/|In the dry state, uranium forms cmpd of valence (3+), (4+), (5+), or (6+); in aq media (3+) and (5+) are unstable; (3+) readily oxidizes and (5+) disproportionates to (4+) and (6+), the latter of which is the most stable form and exists as the oxygen-containing cation (2+) uranium dioxide (uranyl) in acid soln and in the body.

Disposal of ... wastes /containing uranium/ should follow guidelines set forth by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission. /Uranium & cmpd/

Direct product of the reaction of UF6 with moisture in the air.|Uranium hexafluoride reacts vigorously with water, forming mainly uranyl fluoride and hydrofluoric acid.

DHHS/ATSDR; Toxicological Profile for Uranium (PB/99/163362) (September 1999)|Wrenn M et al; The Potential Toxicity of Uranium in Water (1987)|THOMAS J ET AL; AIRBORNE URANIUM, ITS CONCENTRATION AND TOXICITY IN URANIUM-ENRICHMENT FACILITIES (1979). THE RELEASE OF URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE & ITS HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS (URANYL FLUORIDE AND HYDROGEN FLUORIDE) INTO THE WORK ENVIRONMENT OF A PLANT FOR ENRICHING URANIUM BY MEANS OF GAS CENTRIFUGES IS DISCUSSED.

Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Facilities for quickly drenching the body should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use where there is a possibility of exposure. (Note: It is intended that these facilities provide a sufficient quantity or flow of water to quickly remove the substance from any body areas likely to be exposed. The actual determination of what constitutes an adequate quick drench facility depends on the specific circumstances. In certain instances, a deluge shower should be readily available, whereas in others, the availability of water from a sink or hose could be considered adequate.) /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Eyewash fountains should be provided in areas where there is any possibility that workers could be exposed to the substance; this is irrespective of the recommendation involving the wearing of eye protection. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for URANIUM OXYFLUORIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|The worker should wash daily at the end of each work shift, and prior to eating, drinking, smoking, etc. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for URANIUM OXYFLUORIDE (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. /Hydrogen fluoride/|Soluble compounds of uranium as dust or mist are respiratory irritants. ... /Soluble uranium compounds (as uranium)/

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.05 mg/cu m. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/

NIOSH considers uranium (soluble compounds, as U) to be a potential occupational carcinogen. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/|Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 0.05 mg/cu m. /Uranium (soluble compounds, as U)/

LD50 Wistar rat: adult male 2.5 mg/kg; adult female 1 mg/kg|LD50 Rat iv 40 mg/kg

Humans who excrete acidic urine may be more sensitive to uranium-induced kidney injury.|Populations susceptible to uranium toxicosis would include people with impaired renal function. People with stomach ulcers are thought to have elevated absorption of some toxic metals and might be unusually susceptible to uranium toxicity.

THE RELEASE OF URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE IS MONITORED BY DETECTING ITS HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS, GASEOUS HYDROGEN FLUORIDE & PARTICULATE URANYL FLUORIDE, & RADIOACTIVITY.

Inhalation of fume, dust, or gas, ingestion, skin & eye contact. The following uranium salts are reported to be capable of penetrating intact skin: uranyl nitrate, UO2(NO3)2.6H2O; uranyl fluoride, UO2F2; uranium pentachloride, UCl5; uranium trioxide (uranyl oxide) ... uranium hexafluoride, UF6.|HAZARDS IN THE MILLING OF URANIUM TO PRODUCE A CONCENTRATE ARE RELATIVELY MINOR BECAUSE A WET PROCESS IS USED. SOMEWHAT GREATER EXPOSURES OCCUR IN THE PRODUCTION OF THE URANIUM METAL FROM DUSTS OF THE INTERMEDIATES URANIUM TRIOXIDE & URANIUM TETRAFLUORIDE, & FROM THE GASEOUS URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE (URANYL FLUORIDE & HYDROGEN FLUORIDE) IN ACCIDENTS OR LEAKS.|THE RELEASE OF URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE & ITS HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS INTO THE WORK ENVIRONMENT OF A PLANT FOR ENRICHING URANIUM BY MEANS OF GAS CENTRIFUGES IS DISCUSSED. THE MAX PERMISSIBLE MASS & CURIE CONCN OF AIRBORNE URANIUM IS IDENTIFIED AS A FUNCTION OF ENRICHMENT LEVEL (IE (235)URANIUM/TOTAL URANIUM), & CHEM & PHYSICAL FORM. THE CHEM & RADIOLOGICAL TOXICITY OF URANIUM AS FUNCTION OF ENRICHMENT & CHEM FORM IS GIVEN. /URANIUM HEXAFLUORIDE AND ITS HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS/|The following uranium salts are reported to be capable of penetrating intact skin: uranyl nitrate, uranyl fluoride, uranium pentachloride, uranium trioxide and uranium hexafluoride(1).

Uranium hexafluoride/uranyl fluoride inhalation studies were undertaken in purebred, female beagle dogs to examine the possible relations of exposure, whole body, lung & renal uranium levels to excretion rates, renal injury, distribution & retention, & tolerance. Each of these issues was investigated in the context of chemical toxicity of uranium(6+) following brief exposures to 235-uranyl fluoride in the presence & absence of hydrogen fluoride (the decomp products of 235-uranium hexafluoride). Both gamma-uranium-235 & alpha-uranium-234 counting methods were applied. Findings show that uranyl fluoride retention time in the lung is shorter than for uranium trioxide or uranyl nitrate, more than 80% translocated with half-life of less than 20 min & urinary elimination of (6+) follows closely to the international commission on radiological protection's excretion equation. /Uranium fluorides/|Sol compounds are highly transportable from lung to other parts of the body; these include uranium hexafluoride, uranyl nitrate, uranyl chloride, uranyl fluoride, & uranyl acetates, sulfates & carbonates. /Soluble uranium compounds/|GI absorption of small doses of soluble uranyl salts in mammals is about 10%;... Absorption of uranium salts from sites of im injection and from peritoneal cavity is poor. ... Soluble uranyl salts are also absorbed through skin. Following inhalation the absorption of uranium salts from the lung tissues into blood depends upon ... solubility and particle size. /Soluble uranyl salts/|In acute human exposure situations, uranium deposits in the kidney are eliminated with a half-time of 2 to 6 days. Inhaled soluble uranium salts that reach the alveoli are almost completely absorbed and then cleared rapidly to the urine, kidneys, and bone, with none left in the lungs by 30 days. Insoluble compounds, such as UO2 or UO3, that reach the alveoli tend to remain in lung tissue or hilar lymph nodes but are cleared in rats with half-times of 1 day (25%), 10 days (15%), and 155 days (60%). /Uranium compounds/

... Uranyl fluoride can produce a typical toxicity because of hydrolysis to hydrogen fluoride.

The biologic half times of soluble uranium compounds (e.g., uranium hexafluoride, uranyl fluoride, uranium tetrachloride, uranyl nitrate hexahydrate) are estimated in days or weeks. /Soluble uranium compounds/

Approximately 60% of uranium absorbed into the blood is transported in the form of a bicarbonate complex, and 40% is bound to plasma proteins. The uranyl-bicarbonate complex is filtered out of the blood by the renal glomerulus and is passed into the tubules. The pH of urine decreases in the tubules, resulting in dissociation of the complex and release of the reactive uranyl ion. Nephrotoxicity results primarily from damage to the tubular epithelium, which allows leakage of glucose, protein, aminoacids, and enzymes into the urine. In high doses (more than 6 mg uranium/kg), glomerular damage may also occur, causing decreased renal blood flow and a decreased glomerular filtration rate. The kidney responds to toxic levels of uranium within 24-48 hr after exposure. The changes become progressively more severe over approximately a 5 day period. The damaged tubular epithelium regenerates quickly as the uranium concentration is reduced. /Soluble uranium compounds/|Compared to other heavy metals, such as cadmium, lead, and mercury ... uranium's nephrotoxic effect is less intense. Although the nephrotoxicity of uranium is attributed primarily to its metallotoxicity (chemical toxicity), some authors have discussed that renal damage from exposure to high-LET alpha-emitting heavy metals, like uranium, is derived from combined chemical and radiotoxic effect. /Uranium NOS/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... Perform routine emergency care for associated injuries. For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously during transport ... Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a good gag reflex, and does not drool ... Perform routine BLS care as necessary. /Radioactives I, II, and III/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in respiratory arrest. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... Start an IV with lactated Ringer's to support vital signs. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... Perform routine advanced life support care as needed. Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... /Radioactives I, II, and III/|Decontamination. 1. Exposure to particle-emitting solids or liquids. The victim is potentially highly contaminating to rescuers, transport vehicles, and attending health personnel. 1. Remove victims from exposure, and if their conditions permit, remove all contaminated clothing and wash the victims with soap and water. b. All clothing and cleansing water must be saved, evaluated for radioactivity, and properly disposed of. c. Rescuers should wear protective clothing and respiratory gear to avoid contamination. At the hospital, measures must be taken to prevent contamination of facilities and personnel. d. Induce vomiting or perform gastric lavage if radioactive material has been ingested. Administer activated charcoal, although its effectiveness is unknown. Certain other adsorbent materials may also be effective. e. Contact Radiation Emergency Assistance Center & Training Site (REAC/TS/: telephone (865) 576-3131 or (865) 481-1000)/ and the state radiologic health department for further advice. In some exposures, unusually aggressive steps may be needed (eg, lung lavage for significant inhalation of plutonium). 2. Electromagnetic radiation exposure. The patient is not radioactive and does not pose a contamination threat. There is no need for decontamination once the patient has been removed from the source of exposure, unless electromagnetic radiation emitter fragments are embedded in body tissues. /Radiation (Ionizing)/|Monitoring of accidental uranium exposures and its effects on the kidney is accomplished by measurement of the uranium excreted in the urine and abnormalities in the clinical urinalyses . Glucose and albumin in urine are among the most sensitive indicators of kidney damage. ...Urinary excretion of gamma-glutamyltransferase /has been found/ to be the most sensitive indicator. These various indicators of renal injury can be assessed within a few hours of exposure to dose levels of at least 0.1 mg of uranium/kg. /Uranium compounds/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for URANIUM OXYFLUORIDE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptoms of fluoride intoxication, usually occurring within 1 hr, range from salivation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, & diarrhea in cases of minor poisoning, to hyperactive reflexes, tonic & clonic convulsions, & ultimately, in severe cases, death occurs, usually from respiratory or cardiac failure. /Fluoride/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ For sol uranium cmpd: lacrimation, conjunctivitis; short breath, coughing, chest rales; nausea, vomiting; skin burns ... albuminuria, lymphatic cancer. /Sol uranium cmpd/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The high chemical toxicity of uranium and its salts is largely shown in kidney damage, which may not be reversible. Acute arterial lesions may occur after acute exposures. /Uranium and salts/|/EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES/ A retrospective cohort mortality study was conducted on workers at the Portsmouth Uranium Enrichment facility in Pike County, Ohio. Primary hazards included inhalation exposure to uranyl fluoride containing uranium-235 and uranium-234, technetium-99 compounds, and hydrogen fluoride. Uranium-238 presented a nephrotoxic hazard. Analysis covered the period from September 1, 1954, to December 31, 1982. White males working for at least 1 week during this time were included (total 5,773). Statistically significant mortality deficits based on USA death rates were found for all causes, accidents, violence, and diseases of nervous, circulatory, respiratory, and digestive systems. Standardized mortality rates were 85 and 54 for all malignant neoplasms and for other genitourinary diseases, respectively. Deaths from stomach cancer and lymphatic/hematopoietic cancers were significantly incr. A subcohort selected for greatest potential uranium exposure had reduced deaths from these malignancies. Insignificantly incr stomach cancer mortality was found after 15 yr employment and after 15 yr latency. Routine urinalysis data suggested low internal uranium exposures. /Information obtained indicated that there/ is no significant excess mortality among these workers. /Uranyl fluoride and other chemicals/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for URANIUM OXYFLUORIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Uranium, difluorodioxo-, (T-4)-: INACTIVE|Intermediate in the conversion of UF6 to a uranium oxide or metal form and is a direct product of the reaction of UF6 with moisture in the air.|Uranium ion (6+);22541-40-8|Uranium is a chemical hazard as well as a radiological hazard. /Uranium compounds/|The chemical toxicity and reactive properties of any uranium compound must be weighed against the inherent toxicity of the compound or the uranium alone. For example, gaseous uranium hexafluoride (UF6) reacts with atmospheric moisture and undergoes hydrolysis, producing uranyl fluoride (UO2F2) and hydrogen fluoride (HF), a highly corrosive and toxic gas. Depending on the temperature, humidity, and uranium enrichment, the HF may be a more serious health and safety concern than either the UF6 or the contained uranium.|In uranium processes that create fluoride compounds (UF4, UF6, etc.), the a-n reaction with this light nuclide can result in neutron radiation fields, the intensity of which are a function of the compound, mixing, storage configuration, and enrichment. As indicated in Section 2.0, low enriched UF6 (< 5%) in large storage containers can result in neutron radiation in the 0.2 mrem/h range, while highly enriched (> 97%) UF6 can create fields in the 4 mrem/h range. At high enrichments, the neutron fields can be up to a factor of 2 higher than the gamma fields and be the limiting source of whole body exposure. /Uranium fluorides/