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Ampicillin trihydrate

Ampicillin trihydrate structure

CAS No:
7177-48-2
Formula:
C16H25N3O7S
Chemical Name:
Ampicillin trihydrate
Synonyms:
amcap;amcill;aminobenzylpenicillintrihydrate;amperil;ampichel;ampinova;ro-ampen;trafarbiot
Categories:
Pharmaceutical Intermediates > Bulk Drug Intermediates

Description

As a penicillin group of beta-lactam antibiotics, Ampicillin is the first broad-spectrum penicillin, which has in vitro activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, commonly used for preventing and treating bacterial infections of respiratory tract, urinary tract, middle ear, sinuses, stomach and intestines, bladder, and kidney, etc. caused by susceptible bacteria. It is also used to treat uncomplicated gonorrhea, meningitis, endocarditis salmonellosis, and other serious infections through administered by mouth, intramuscular injection or by intravenous infusion. Like all antibiotics, it is not effective for the treatment of viral infections.Ampicillin functions by killing the bacteria or preventing their growth. After penetrating Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, it acts as an irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme transpeptidase needed by bacteria to make the cell wall, which results to the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and eventually leads to cell lysis.

White or almost white, crystalline powder.

Ampicillin in anhydrous form occurs as crystals.

ChEBI: Ampicillin trihydrate is a hydrate. It contains an ampicillin.

Odorless white microcrystalline powder with a bitter taste. A 0.25% solution in water has a pH of 3.5 to 5.5.

Ampicillin trihydrate Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

403.45

BRN：

5399534

EC Number：

615-347-9

Color/Form：

white to off-white

HScode：

29411020

Characteristics

Melting Point：

208 °C (dec.)(lit.)

Boiling Point：

684℃

Refractive Index：

265 ° (C=0.1, H2O)

Water Solubility：

0.1-1 g/100 mL at 21 ºC

Toxicity：

LD50 orl-rat: 10 g/kg ANTBAL 20,653,75

PKA：

2.5 (COOH)(at 25℃)

Air and Water Reactions：

Slightly soluble in water.

Reactivity Profile：

Ampicillin absorbs insignificant amounts of moisture at 77° F and relative humidities up to approximately 80%, but under damper conditions Ampicillin absorbs significant amounts. A pH-rate profile reveals specific-acid- and specific-base- catalyzed hydrolysis. The pH of maximum stability is 5.8.

Critical Temperature & Pressure：

Sealed in dry,2-8°C

Safety Information

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

Xn,Xi

safety instructions：

22-26-36/37-36-45-23

RTECS Number：

XH8425000

Hazard Statements：

36/37/38-42/43

Hazardous Reactivities：

May be incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.

Fire Hazards：

Flash point data for Ampicillin are not available; however, Ampicillin is probably combustible.

Exposure Prevention：

Ampicillin caused contact dermatitis in a nurse also sensitized to amoxicillin (with tolerance to oral phenoxymethylpenicillin) and in a pharmaceutical factory worker. Systemic drug reactions are common. Crossreactivity is regular with ampicillin and can occur with other penicillins.

Ampicillin trihydrate Use and Manufacturing

Commonly used to select for ampicillin resistance in mutated and transformed cells

Penicillin antibacterial.

Material

Triethylamine