Dimethylarsinic acid

137.997

138.00

200-883-4

AJ2HL7EU8K

71159|103115

1572

DTXSID7020508

Crystals from alcohol and ether|Colorless|TRICLINIC CRYSTALS|White; water solutions may be dyed blue

29310099

37.30000

-1.62

Cacodylic acid appears as a colorless, odorless crystalline solid. Melting point 195-196°C. Toxic by ingestion and irritating to skin and eyes.

>1.1(20ºC)

195 °C

>200 °C

109.4±17.3 °C

Soluble in water (50 mg/ml), water (2000 at 25°C), alcohols, and acetic acid. Insoluble in ether.

DO NOT STORE NEAR FERTILIZERS, SEEDS, INSECTICIDES, /OR/ FUNGICIDES.

LD50 orally in rats: 1350 mg/kg (Bailey, White)

Odorless

pKa = 1.57

112.5 Ų [M+H]+ [CCS Type: TW, Method: calibrated with polyalanine and drug standards]

Hygroscopic|Forms water-soluble sodium and potassium salts|It is decomp by powerful oxidizing or reducing agents.|Compatible with hard waters.

Hygroscopic. Water soluble.

Acids, Carboxylic

CACODYLIC ACID is a weak acid. Dissolves in water to yield solutions containing more hydrogen ions than pure water contains and so having a pH less than 7.0. Is neutralized exothermically by all bases to produce water plus a salt. Reacts (but usually slowly) with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt. Such reactions occur in principle for the solid acid but are quite slow if the solid acid remains dry. The solid may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in it to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers. Reacts with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide. Flammable and/or toxic gases and heat may be generated with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides. Also may react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat. Reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates generates a harmless gas (carbon dioxide) but still some heat. Can be oxidized exothermically by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents; a wide variety of products is possible. May initiate polymerization reactions; may catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.

All formulations are mildly corrosive.

II

6.1

UN 1572 6.1/PG 2

3

R23/25

S20/21-S28-S45-S60-S61

CH7525000

T,N

Aqueous solutions react violently with active metals. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.

Missing Phrase - N15.00950417-P261-P280-P304 + P340 + P312-P305 + P351 + P338-P403 + P233

H301 + H331-H315-H319-H335-H351-H410

Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D004, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number U136, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|Storage: To convert the gas-cleaning residues obtained during the metallurgical processing of arsenic-containing ores into a portable and less water-soluble form, the metals are precipitated as hydroxides by using an excess of lime water and the arsenic is precipitated as calcium arsenate and calcium arsenite. This "arsenic sludge" is recycled, on the one hand, in order not to lose the valuable metals, and on the other, in order to reduce the problem of arsenic sludge disposal.|A poor candidate for incineration.

HAZARDOUS WHEN WATER SOLN IS IN CONTACT WITH ACTIVE METALS, E.G., /IRON, ALUMINUM, AND ZINC/.|... WHEN WATER SOLN OF ARSENICALS ARE IN CONTACT WITH ACTIVE METALS SUCH AS /IRON, ALUMINUM, OR ZINC/, HIGHLY TOXIC FUMES OF ARSENIC ARE EMITTED. /ARSENIC CMPD/|At pH 7, dimethylarsinic acid forms a water-soluble sodium salt (sodium dimethylarsinate), which is deliquescent.

Behavior in Fire: May form toxic oxides of arsenic when heated. (USCG, 1999)

|Danger|H301 (96%): Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P301+P310, P304+P340, P311, P321, P330, P391, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 50 companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Dust respirator; goggles; protective clothing. (USCG, 1999)|RUBBER GLOVES, GOGGLES OR FACE SHIELD, RUBBER APRON.

Nonflammable

If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of water sources and sewers.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers.|Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment.

/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (Non-combustible)/ Fire or Explosion: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways.|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (Non-combustible)/ Health: Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (Non-combustible)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas.|/GUIDE 151: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC (Non-combustible)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Essentially non-irritating in contact with skin or eyes.|A skin and eye irritant.

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-Hr Time Weighted Avg: 0.5 mg/cu m. /Arsenic, organic cmpd (as As)/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Dimethylarsenic acid is included on this list.|(a) The owner or operator of an existing glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 2.5 Mg (2.7 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/|(b) The owner or operator of a new or modified glass melting furnace subject to the provisions of this subpart shall comply with either paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section ... (1) Uncontrolled total arsenic emissions from the glass melting furnace shall be less than 0.4 Mg (0.44 ton) per year, or ... (2) Total arsenic emissions from glass melting furnace shall be conveyed to a control device and reduced by at least 85%. /Total arsenic/|The owner or operator of each copper converter subject to the provisions of this subpart shall reduce inorganic arsenic emissions to the atmosphere by meeting the following design, equipment, work practice, and operational requirements: (1) Install, operate, and maintain a secondary hood system on each copper converter. Each secondary hood system shall consist of a hood enclosure, air curtain fan(s), exhaust system fan(s), and ductwork that conveys the captured emission to a control device ... (2) Optimize the capture of secondary inorganic arsenic emission by operating the copper converter and secondary hood systems at all times ... . /Inorganic arsenic/

U136; A toxic waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate.|D004; A waste containing arsenic may or may not be characterized as a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations. /Arsenic/

Persons in charge of vessels or facilities are required to notify the National Response Center (NRC) immediately, when there is a release of this designated hazardous substance, in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity of 1 lb or 0.454 kg. The toll free number of the NRC is (800) 424-8802; In the Washington D.C. metropolitan area (202) 426-2675. The rule for determining when notification is required is stated in 40 CFR 302.4 (section IV. D.3.b).

U136; As stipulated in 40 CFR 261.33, when cacodylic acid, as a commercial chemical product or manufacturing chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing chemical intermediate, becomes a waste, it must be managed according to Federal and/or State hazardous waste regulations. Also defined as a hazardous waste is any residue, contaminated soil, water, or other debris resulting from the cleanup of a spill, into water or on dry land, of this waste. Generators of small quantities of this waste may qualify for partial exclusion from hazardous waste regulations (40 CFR 261.5).

RURAL/REMOTE: The levels of dimethylarsenic acid in air over an unpolluted island and over a rural inland area in Japan were in the range from 0.007 to 0.071 ng arsenic/cu m during 1984-1986 monitoring(1); a seasonal variation was observed with highest levels in summer and lowest levels in winter(1). Upper levels of dimethylarsenic acid of 0.030 to 0.270 ng arsenic/cu m were detected in Japanese air(2); the dimethylarsenic acid was in the form of inhalable particles(2).

The influence of the methyltransferase inhibitor periodate oxidized adenosine on the metabolism of arsenite was investigated in mice and rabbits. Groups of male NMRI-mice and New Zealand rabbits were given intraperitoneal (ip) injections of 100 um periodate oxidized adenosine per kilogram (kg) 15 min before an intravenous injection of 0.04 mg/kg (74)As labeled arsenite or injections of (74)As labeled arsenite only. These animals were kept for 16 to 72 hr in metabolic cages designed to separate urine and feces. The urinary concn of dimethylarsenic acid (DMA), the major arsenic metabolite, was measured. Other groups of animals were injected with (74)As labeled arsenite and periodate oxidized adenosine or (74)As labeled arsenite only and killed between 1 to 72 hr. Blood, liver, kidney, lung, epididymis, and portions of skin were removed and measured for (74)As content in a gamma scintillation counter. Also, subcellular fractionation of liver tissue was performed and the concentration of (74)As was ascertained. The urinary excretion of (74)As was lower in mice and rabbits treated with periodate oxidized adenosine prior to arsenite administration than in animals treated with arsenite only. Injection of periodate oxidized adenosine prior to arsenite produced a 25 to 70% decrease in the production of dimethylarsenic acid, implying that S-adenosylmethionine was the methyl donor for the methylation of inorganic arsenic in vivo. The fecal excretion of (74)As was less than 4% of the dose, independent of treatment and animal species. Periodate oxidized adenosine treated animals had 2 to 6 times higher concentrations of (74)As in tissues than that in controls, the effect being first observed in liver tissues. The subcellular distribution of (74)As in liver of mice was not affected by periodate oxidized adenosine treatment in that 50% was found in the soluble cytoplasmic fraction and 20 to 30% was found in thenuclear fraction, independent of the treatment.

LD50 Rat oral 700 mg/kg|LC50 Rat male inhalation (exposure to dust): > 6.9 mg/l/2 hr|LC50 Rat female inhalation (exposure to dust): > 3.9 mg/l/2 hr|LC50 Mouse inhalation (exposure to dust): > 6.4 mg/l/2 hr|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Inorganic arsenic compounds in water or soil can undergo biochemical transformations that may result in the formation of dimethylarsenic acid(1); these transformations are most likely to occur under aerobic or slightly anaerobic conditions(1). Dimethylarsenic acid is formed in the ambient atmosphere by the oxidation of gaseous methylated arsines that are emitted to air as biological conversion products from bacteria and fungi(2-4); since biological activity is greatest in the summer and least in the winter, the highest atmospheric levels of dimethylarsenic acid are found during the summer and the lowest levels are found in winter(2).

Dimethylarsenic acid's production and use as an herbicide, soil sterilant, and in timber thinning(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: ... /CACODYLIC ACID/ REACTS /IN SOIL/ WITH TRIVALENT CHROMIUM, SILVER NITRATE & OTHER METAL IONS ... MAY FORM CYCLIC TYPES OF CMPD UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS.|TERRESTRIAL FATE: CHEM & BIOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF ARSENICAL IN SOIL: IN SOIL CACODYLIC ACID MAY UNDERGO SALT FORMATION, ADSORPTION, ION EXCHANGE, DEMETHYLATION (OXIDATIVE), REDN, & METHYLATION (REDUCTIVE). /FROM TABLE/|TERRESTRIAL FATE: CACODYLIC ACID FORMED INSOL CMPD WITH SOIL.|TERRESTRIAL FATE: Dimethylarsenic acid is expected to have low mobility in soils(1-4). Organoarsenicals, such as dimethylarsinic acid, are adsorbed by clays soils(1). After rapid initial adsorption, changes occur which result in the redistribution of dimethylarsinic acid into a less soluble form associated with aluminum in the soil(1). The dimethylarsinic acid is fixed by iron and aluminum in the soil, although not as strongly as inorganic arsenate(1). Arsenic residues in browse and herbaceous vegetation in Douglas fir, ponderosa pine, and western larch forests in which trees were treated with cacodylic acid, sodium salt for thinning were relatively low(1). Large quantities of arsenic did not move from the forest floor into the soil, indicating that arsenic residues were tightly bound in the foliage(1). Only small amounts of arsenic were detected in streams in forests treated with cacodylic acid or its sodium salt(1). A pKa of 1.57(5) indicates that dimethylarsenic acid will ionize in water(SRC); therefore, dimethylarsenic acid is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from moist soil surfaces(SRC). Dimethylarsenic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.6X10-3 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(6). Generation of C-14 labeled CO2 from C-14 labeled dimethylarsenic acid in a clay loam soil reached about 13% (over 98 days of incubation) in soil that had been adapted to dimethylarsenic acid, but was less than 2% in unadapted soil(7); the degradation was presumably microbial in nature(7). Incubation of dimethylarsenic acid in two Japanese soils for a period of six weeks resulted in 4-43% degradation(8); 0% degradation occurred in sterile controls(8). In another study in soil, 36% of dimethylarsenic acid was converted to a volatile organoarsenical compound and 47% to carbon dioxide and arsenate within a 24-week period(9).|For more Environmental Fate (Complete) data for DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of dimethylarsenic acid with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 5.2X10-13 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 31 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The organic functional groups of dimethylarsenic acid are generally resistant to aqueous environmental chemical hydrolysis(2). Dimethylarsenic acid reacts with iron and aluminum hydroxides in soil to form insoluble compounds(3). Dimethylarsenic acid does not chemically oxidize under mild oxidizing conditions(4).

A BCF of 21 was measured for mosquito fish in a model ecosystem study(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

1.00e+03 L/kg|Organoarsenicals, such as dimethylarsinic acid, are adsorbed by clays soils(1). After rapid initial adsorption, changes occur which result in the redistribution of dimethylarsinic acid into a less soluble form associated with aluminum in the soil(1). The dimethylarsinic acid are fixed by iron and aluminum in the soil, although not as strongly as inorganic arsenate(1). Leaching tests conducted in specially constructed boxes with clay, silt loam, and sandy soils noted strong adsorption to all soils, although a small degree of leaching did occur(2). The adsorption of dimethylarsenic acid to sediments and soil was found to depend on clay content, iron oxide content, and pH(3,4); adsorption increases with increasing clay and iron oxide content and with higher pH(3,4). Herbicidal applications of dimethylarsenic acid that were applied to forest floors in the northwestern US were found to be tightly bound, and did not leach in soil(5).

A pKa of 1.57(1) indicates that dimethylarsenic acid will ionize in water(SRC); therefore, dimethylarsenic acid is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(SRC). Dimethylarsenic acid is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.6X10-3 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2).

IN INTERSTITIAL WATER A FEW PERCENT /OF ARSENIC WAS/ DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID.|SURFACE WATER: The concentrations of dimethylarsenic acid in a wide range of fresh natural waters including lakes, rivers and ponds in and around Tampa, FL were in the range of <0.02-0.62 ug/l(1). Lake, river and pond waters from the Moira River area in Ontario, Canada, which flows through an abandoned smelter (still emitting high levels of arsenic from its watershed) contained 2.3-3.3 ug/l of dimethylarsenic acid(2). SEAWATER: Saline waters at several locations along the shores of Tampa Bay contained 0.2-1.0 ug/l of dimethylarsenic acid(1).|DRINKING WATER: No dimethylarsenic acid was detected (detection limit of 0.02 ug/l) in Tampa, FL tap waters(1).|GROUNDWATER: The concentration of dimethylarsenic acid in well water at a remote camping site near the Withlacocochee River in FL was 0.2 ug/l(1).

... WORKERS THINNING FORESTS ... ARE AT RISK OF EXPOSURE.|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 354 workers (304 of these are female) are potentially exposed to dimethylarsenic acid in the US(1). The NOES Survey does not include farm workers. Occupational exposure to dimethylarsenic acid may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where dimethylarsenic acid is produced or used(SRC). Urinary excretion of arsenic has been directly correlated with worker exposure to dimethylarsenic acid(2,3). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to dimethylarsenic acid via inhalation of ambient air containing gaseous methylated arsines(SRC).

Urinary excretion of arsenic has been directly correlated with worker exposure to dimethylarsenic acid(1,2). Blood levels of arsenic does not seem to be correlated with worker exposure to dimethylarsenic acid(1). Herbicide workers using poor handling and application techniques had urine arsenic levels as high as 1.8 ppm which corresponded to an exposure of at least 0.036 mg As/kg body wt/day(2); proper handling techniques and protective gear reduced exposure by an order of magnitude(2). In forestry workers, the urinary dimethylarsenic acid level during an 11 week observation period ranged from 24-172 ug/24 hr compared to a range of 26-73 ug/24 hr for non-exposed workers(1). Urine samples of humans were found to contain an average of 15 ug/l of dimethylarsenic acid which constituted an average of 66% of the total urinary excretion of arsenic(3).

Dermatologic Agents|MEDICATION (VET): IN CHRONIC ECZEMA, ANEMIA AND AS A TONIC.|Dermatologic

Pesticides used to destroy unwanted vegetation, especially various types of weeds, grasses (POACEAE), and woody plants. Some plants develop HERBICIDE RESISTANCE. (See all compounds classified as Herbicides.)

... ABSORPTION RATES ... FROM RAT SMALL INTESTINE ... WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENT SUGGEST THAT THESE CMPD /INCL CACODYLIC ACID/ MAY BE ABSORBED PREDOMINANTLY BY PASSIVE DIFFUSION.|IN 5 HEALTHY FOREST WORKERS EXPOSED TO CACODYLIC ACID DURING 2 MO PERIOD, URINARY ARSENIC WAS USED AS INDEX OF EXPOSURE.|... ROOT ABSORPTION OF THE MONOSODIUM SALT OF METHANEARSONIC ACID (MSMA), CACODYLIC ACID, ARSENATE, & ARSENITE FROM NUTRIENT SOLN (1X10-4 M) /WAS STUDIED/. THE ORDER OF CONCN IN ROOTS WAS ARSENATE /HIGHEST, THEN/ ARSENITE, METHANEARSONIC ACID, CACODYLIC ACID. HOWEVER ... IF THE RATIO OF ARSENICAL CONCN IN TOPS TO THAT IN THE ROOTS WAS A MEASURE OF TRANSPORT, CACODYLIC ACID WAS TRANSPORTED TO THE TOPS 5 TO 10 TIMES MORE RAPIDLY THAN METHANEARSONIC ACID, ARSENITE, OR ARSENATE. TOXICITY OF ARSENICALS WAS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO ROOT CONCN.|CACODYLIC ACID HAS ERYTHROCYTE AFFINITIES AS FOLLOWS: RAT HIGHEST, THEN RABBIT, THEN HUMAN.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

... METAB OF CACODYLIC ACID IN BLACK VALENTINE BEANS /WAS STUDIED/. ANALYSIS OF THE EXTRACT REVEALED AS, PRESUMED TO BE CACODYLIC ACID /CA/, IN THE CHROMATOGRAM WHERE CA SHOULD HAVE BEEN. THE ABSENCE OF AS3+ & MSMA /MONOSODIUM METHANEARSONATE/ WAS DEMONSTRATED. IN SEPARATE EXPT, NO ARSINE ... DETECTED EVEN THOUGH SEVERE TOXICITY DEVELOPED ... . IN CONCLUSION, APPARENTLY NO DEGRADATION OF CACODYLIC ACID OCCURS IN PLANTS BASED ON LIMITED STUDIES. VARIOUS ORGANISMS, HOWEVER, ARE CAPABLE OF REDUCING CACODYLIC ACID TO DI- OR TRIMETHYLARSINE.|INGESTION OF WINE CONTAINING 50 UG AS3+ & 13 UG AS5+ INCR URINE LEVELS OF AS3+, AS5+, & DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID IN HUMAN. AS3+ & 5+ LEVELS WERE NORMAL AFTER 20 HR, BUT DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID LEVELS WERE NOT NORMAL UNTIL 85 HR LATER.|METHANOBACTERIUM SPECIES (STRAIN M.OH) IN AN INCUBATION MIXTURE UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITIONS REDUCED CACODYLIC ACID TO DIMETHYLARSINE IN ABSENCE OF A C-1 DONOR.|AFTER IV ADMIN OF INORG ARSENIC TO DOGS, METABOLITE DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID APPEARED RAPIDLY IN ERYTHROCYTES, THEN IN PLASMA. WITHIN 6 HR MOST ARSENIC REMAINING WAS DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID. BOTH INORG ARSENIC & DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID WERE RAPIDLY EXCRETED IN URINE.|For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

When administered to rats, cacodylic acid was rapidly absorbed from the lung with a half-time of 2.2 min. Peroral absorption half-time was 248 min. The half-time for clearance from the whole blood after iv, intratracheal and peroral administration as 92, 76 and 90 days, respectively. In pregnant rats cacodylic acid readily crossed the placenta. The small amount of carbon dioxide evolved indicated that only a small fraction of the dose was demethylated.

Dimethylarsinic acid is available as a technical grade, containing 65% active ingredient and the following possible impurities: sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, methylarsonic acid and arsenic acid.

Chemical is essentially non-irritating in contact with skin or eyes. Ingestion causes arsenic poisoning, but symptoms are delayed. (USCG, 1999)|Carcinogens

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: Some heavy metals are VERY TOXIC POISONS, especially if their salts are very soluble in water (e.g., lead, chromium, mercury, bismuth, osmium, and arsenic). IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center and locate activated charcoal, egg whites, or milk in case the medical advisor recommends administering one of them. Also locate Ipecac syrup or a glass of salt water in case the medical advisor recommends inducing vomiting. Usually, this is NOT RECOMMENDED outside of a physician's care. If advice from a physician is not readily available and the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give the victim a glass of activated charcoal slurry in water or, if this is not available, a glass of milk, or beaten egg whites and IMMEDIATELY transport victim to a hospital. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, assure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

FIRST AID: Get medical aid. Eyes, skin, flush with flowing water immediately and continuously for 15 minutes. Inhalation, materials nonvolatile but if spray drift is inhaled, treat as ingestion. ... May be treated as for general arsenic poisoning.

/CACODYLIC ACID IS/ HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED. AVOID INHALATION OF SPRAY MIST.|To analyze the mechanisms of arsenic induced gene damage, found previously in lungs of mice and rats orally administered dimethylarsinic acid, a major metabolite of inorganic arsenics, an in vitro system with human alveolar type II (L-132) cells was used. The exposure to 10 mM dimethylarsinic acid for 10 hr caused significant single-strand breaks in DNA of the cells. At an earlier period of the exposure, the replicative DNA synthesis was markedly suppressed, and the chain length of the nascent DNA was shorter than that of the control, suggesting that the template DNA received some modification other than strand breaks. The modification, being repairable, was sensitive to UV irradiation to cause strand breaks.|Ingestion of 77 mg/kg arsenic (as dimethyl arsenic acid and dimethyl arsenate) induced vomiting, abdominal pain, hyperactive bowel, and diarrhea ... .|Support for sensitization to DMA is provided in a case control study of a 26-yr-old woman who was occupationally exposed to DMA and experienced eczema on her face ... . Patch testing confirmed an allergic reaction to DMA, and avoidance of DMA resulted in disappearance of the symptoms.|... FORESTRY WORKER ... INJECTING TREES WITH SILVICIDE, CHIEFLY CONTAINING CACODYLIC ACID, COMPLAINED OF ANOREXIA, NAUSEA, ABDOMINAL PAIN & ... /HAD/ ELEVATED ARSENIC URINE LEVEL. FREE OF EXPOSURE ... SYMPTOMS GRADUALLY SUBSIDED. /ARSENIC SILVICIDE/

Acid, Cacodylic

COTTON USES, 25%; INDUSTRIAL/COMMERCIAL USES-EG, WEED CONTROL ON UTILITY & RAILROAD COMPANY RIGHTS-OF-WAY, 75% (1978)

USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 012501; Trade Names: Silvisar 510; Arsan; Phytar 560, component of (with 012502); Rad-E-Cate 35.|PHYTAR 560 (2.48 LB/GAL CACODYLIC ACID EQUIVALENT AS SODIUM SALT); PHYTAR 138 (65% CADODYLIC ACID); PHYTAR 160 (3.25 LB/GAL CACODYLIC ACID EQUIV).|Fisher purified cacodylic acid contains 95.5% cacodylic acid.|Concentrated solution|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Arsinic acid, As,As-dimethyl-: ACTIVE|CACODYLIC ACID WAS KNOWN PRIOR TO 1900 & WAS USED MEDICALLY. ... CACODYLIC ACID PROVED TO BE A BETTER SOIL STERILIZER THAN METHANEARSONIC ACID, SODIUM ARSENITE, & SEVERAL OTHER ... & /WITH/ DALAPON SPRAYS CONTROLLED ORCHARDGRASS & KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS.|Used as a directed spray, postemergence. Rates: 3 to 10 lb/acre. Mix with water plus 2 qt surfactant per 100 gal of solution and apply at 40 gallons per acre. All formulations are 100% water soluble.

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD IS DESCRIBED FOR DETERMINING DIMETHYLARSINIC ACIDS.|ANALYSIS & SPECIATION OF ARSENIC IN ... SOIL SAMPLES TREATED WITH ARSENICAL HERBICIDES WAS CARRIED OUT BY EMISSION SPECTROMETRY.|NIOSH Method 5022. Determination of Organic Arsenic by Ion Chromatography/Hydride Atomic Absorption. This method is applicable to air samples. The compounds covered by this method are: methylarsonic acid, dimethylarsinic acid, and p-aminophenyl arsenic acid. Detection limit is unspecified.

DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID WAS DETERMINED IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY COLORIMETRY.|In studies on arsenic exposure and its monitoring, a method for the selective determination of dimethylarsinic acid in urine was developed. The method is based on the ion-pair chromatographic separation of arsenic species and continuous hydride generation for the determination of arsenic in the chromatographic effluent by atomic absorption spectrometry. The chromatographic separation was completed within 4 min by using Bu4N+ in phosphate buffer as the ion-pairing agent and a C18 reversed-phase column. The detection limit was 4.7 ug/cu dm of arsenic dimethylarsinic acid. This detection limit is not low enough to detect the lowest levels of these arsenic species in the urine of unexposed subjects. However, accurate measurement of the concn due to occupational exposure is easily achieved.|DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID WAS DETERMINED IN BLOOD & URINE OF ANIMALS BY GC WITH FLAME-IONIZATION DETECTION OR THERMIONIC SPECIFIC DETECTION FOLLOWING PREPN OF STABLE LIPOPHILIC DERIVATIVES.|GC/MASS SPECTROMETRY WAS USED TO DETERMINE DIMETHYLATED ARSENIC IN BLOOD, URINE, AND FECES OF RATS. /Dimethylated arsenic/|FRACTIONAL DETERMINATION OF URINARY DIMETHYLARSENIC ACID & OTHER ARSENIC COMPD BY REDN VOLATILIZATION & ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRY.

Health Hazards -> Carcinogens