Ethanethiol

62.13

62.13

773638

200-837-3

M439R54A1D

0470

93877

2363

TSCA listed

DTXSID9026394

Colorless

2930 90 98

1

Colorless liquid with a strong, disagreeable, skunk-like or rotten egg odor. Extremely flammable liquid or gas. An experimentally determined odor threshold concentration of 1 ppbvwas reported by Leonardos et al. (1969). Katz and Talbert (1930) reported experimental detection odor threshold concentrations in the range 0.66–7.6 μg/m3(0.26 to 3.0 ppbv).

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

1.5

Ethyl mercaptan appears as a clear colorless low-boiling liquid (boiling point 97°F) with an overpowering, garlic-like/skunk-like odor. Flash point -55°F. Less dense than water and very slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors may irritate nose and throat. May be toxic if swallowed, by inhalation or by contact. Added to natural gas as an odorant. Used as a stabilizer for adhesives.

0.839 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)

-148 °C

35 °C(lit.)

-55°F

n20/D1.4306(lit.)

Slightly miscible with water.

Keep tightly closed and in a cool place.

8.51 psi ( 20 °C)

2.1 (vs air)

LD50 orally in Rabbit: 682 mg/kg

Class IA Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP below 100°F.

vol% in air: 2.88.2

Strong chunk; offensive garlic.

10.6(at 25℃)

4.68e-11 cm3/molecule*sec

3.57(x 10-3atmm3/mol) at 25 °C (Przyjazny et al., 1983)

pka = 10.61 at 25 °C

Entropy at 25 °C: 70.77 cal/deg/mole; density: 0.8617 at 0 °C/4 °C; bp: 17.7 °C at 400 mm Hg; 1.5 °C at 200 mm Hg; -13.0 °C at 100 mm Hg; -50.2 °C at 10 mm Hg; -76.1 °C at 1 mm Hg|vapor pressure = 442 mm Hg at 20 °C|Liquid-water interfacial tension (est): 25 dynes/cm= 0.025 N/m at 20 °C; ratio of specific heats of vapor (gas): 1.1308 at 16 °C|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 4.68X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C

Highly flammable. A very dangerous fire hazard. Very slightly soluble in water.

Sulfides, Organic

Highly Flammable

Ethanethiol reacts violently with calcium hypochlorite, May react vigorously with other oxidizing reagents. On contact with strong acids or when heated to decomposition Ethanethiol emits highly toxic fumes of sulfur oxides [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 1575].

570 °F

17.37 cal/deg/mole at 25 °C

9.29 eV

Lower flammable limit: 2.8%; upper flammable limit: 18.0%|Class IA Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP below 100°F.

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible.

6,728.7 GCAL/GMOL

Store below +30°C.

I

3

UN 2363 3/PG 1

3

F,Xn,N,F+

16-25-60-61

KI9625000

F:Flammable;Xn:Harmful;N:Dangerousfortheenvironment;

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants and strong acids. Cool.

Stable. Extremely flammable - note low flash point. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong acids. May form explosive mixtures with air.

P210-P273-P501

Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Flammable, dangerous fire risk.

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Ethyl mercaptan is a waste chemical stream constituent which may be subjected to ultimate disposal by controlled incineration (2,000 °F) followed by scrubbing with a caustic solution.|Incineration ... : Incinerate scrap material under controlled conditions using afterburner and a scrubber to neutralize sulfur dioxide ... .

May form explosive mixture with air. Slowly forms peroxides. This material is a weak acid. Reacts with oxidizers, causing fire and explosion hazard. Reacts with strong acids evolving toxic and flammable hydrogen sulfide. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors. Attacks some forms of plastics, coatings and rubber. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation

UN 2363

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating fumes of sulfur dioxide are generated. Behavior in Fire: Vapor is heavier than air and may travel long distance to a source of ignition and flash back; containers may explode in a fire; offensive fumes are released when heated. (USCG, 1999)|Extremely flammable. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.|Flammable - 4th degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, and P501|H225 (93.53%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P330, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 1684 companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H224: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P312, P321, P330, P337+P313, P370+P378, P391, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 5 ppm: (Assigned Protection Factor = 10) Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s)/(Assigned Protection Factor = 10) Any supplied-air respirator.|Respirator Recommendations: Up to 12.5 ppm: (Assigned Protection Factor = 25) Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous-flow mode/(Assigned Protection Factor = 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s).|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for ETHYL MERCAPTAN (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

Dangerous, when exposed to heat or flame or oxidizers.|Minimum ignition temperature in air: 299 °C; in oxygen: 261 °C|Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.|Extremely flammable.

Upper 18.0% and lower 2.8% by vol (at room temp)|Moderate, when exposed to spark or flame.|Explosive limits , vol% in air: 2.8-18.2

If material /is/ on fire or involved in /a/ fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may spread fire. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.|Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame-consider evacuation of one-third (1/3) mile radius. If material leaking (not on fire) consider evacuation from downwind area based on amount of material spilled, location and weather conditions.

Vapor is heavier than air and may travel long distance to a source of ignition and flash back; containers may explode in a fire.

Odorous gases, such as methylmercaptans, mainly present a cosmetic problem. Thus a variety of methods and procedures, and also patents, are available with methods to absorb odors in scrubbers, by use of catalytic oxidizers or combined scrubber systems with oxidizing agents such as ozone or peroxides.|Odors can be removed from circulating air with charcoal, by catalytic oxidation, or by destruction with a UV scrubber.|If ethyl mercaptan is spilled or leaked, the following steps should be taken: 1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. For small quantities of liquids contaning ethyl mercaptan, absorb on paper towels and place in an appropriate container. Place towels in a safe place such as a fume hood for evaporation. Allow sufficient time for evaporation of the vapors so that the the hood ductwork is free from ethyl mercaptan vapors. Burn the paper in a suitable location away from combustible materials. 4. Large quantities of liquids containing ethyl mercaptan may be absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material and placed in an appropriate container. Ethyl mercaptan should not be allowed to enter a confined space such as a sewer because of the possibility of an explosion. 5. Liquids containing ethyl mercaptan may be collected by vacuuming with an appropriate system. If a vacuum system is used, there should be no sources of ignition in the vicinity of the spill, and flashback prevention devices should be provided.|Evacuate danger area! Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.|Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard.|Open flames and other ignition sources should be excluded from areas where thiols, especially the more volatile ones, are used. Emergency procedures and routine work practices should emphasize proper handling, containment of spills... The primary purpose of control measures is to reduce the potential for inhalation or skin contact with thiols, with special emphasis on the eyes. Whenever feasible, control at the source of exposure should be implemented. This may involve enclosure of the operation and/or the use of local exhaust ventilation. /Thiols/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for ETHYL MERCAPTAN (16 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Health: May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 129: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (Polar/Water-Miscible/Noxious)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for ETHYL MERCAPTAN (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

/May cause/ redness and pain in eyes and skin.|... Contact with the liquid or vapor may cause irritation of the skin, eyes and mucous membranes of the upper resp tract. /Thiols/

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 Ceiling value: 10 ppm (25 mg/cu m).|Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 0.5 ppm (1 mg/cu m) is still enforced in some states.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Min Ceiling Value: 0.5 ppm (1.3 mg/cu m).

Evacuate danger area! Personal protection: self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants and strong acids. Cool.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. This may result in lowering of consciousness and respiratory depression.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting.

STRICT HYGIENE!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 4 - Materials that rapidly or completely vaporize at atmospheric pressure and normal ambient temperature or that are readily dispersed in air and burn readily.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

Ethyl mercaptan concentrations of 0.25-1.01 mg/L were detected in the effluent of the Barceloneta waste treatment facility in Puerto Rico in Sept 1981(1); the treatment facility receives mostly industrial waste(1). An ethyl mercaptan concentration of 3.8 ppm was detected in the headspace gas of a wastewater effluent from an unidentified oil refinery(2). An ethyl mercaptan concentration of 72.5 ppm was detected in the headspace gas of a wastewater effluent from an unidentified waste treatment plant(2). A concentration of 21,000 ppm volume was reported in a study measuring gaseous trace compounds from an unspecified municipal landfill site(3).

... It supplements the effect of UV light on the epidermis by increasing the skin's histidase activity.

LD50 Rat ip 226 mg/kg|LC50 Rat inhalation 2770 ppm/4 hr|LC50 Mouse inhalation 4420 ppm/4 hr|LD50 Rat oral 682 mg/kg|LD50 Rat dermal > 2000 mg/kg

Ethyl mercaptan is formed in vinous fermentation. It occurs in illuminating gas, in "sour" natural gas of west Texas and in petroleum distillates from which it may be separated by chemical or physical methods(1).|Ethyl mercaptan occurs in illuminating gas, natural "sour" Texas gas wells, petroleum distillates and coal tar(1); it is a natural mammalian excretion product(1); it occurs naturally in some vegetables such as cabbage(1). Ethyl mercaptan has been qualitatively detected in crude oil samples collected from TX(2). The occurrence of small amounts of alkyl mercaptans in crude oil is believed to result from microbial action on elemental sulfur(3). Mercaptans are formed naturally in biological processes and exist in all living systems(3-4); the lower alkyl mercaptans occur in manure gas from domestic animal pens(3). Small amounts of ethyl mercaptan are components of human breath(3). Microbes and natural gas have been identified as sources of ethyl mercaptan emissions to the atmosphere(5).|Ethyl mercaptan occurs naturally in some vegetables such as cabbage(1).

Ethyl mercaptan's production and use as a liquid petroleum gas odorant, adhesive, stabilizer, chemical intermediate(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 22(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 1.56X10+4 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that ethyl mercaptan is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of ethyl mercaptan from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 4.53X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Ethyl mercaptan is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 529 mm Hg(5). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2005).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 22(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 1.56X10+4 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that ethyl mercaptan is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 4.53X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(4). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 2.4 hours and 3.2 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 2.7(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2005).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), ethyl mercaptan, which has a vapor pressure of 529 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase ethyl mercaptan is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 10 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.68X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Ethyl mercaptan does not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of ethyl mercaptan with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 4.68X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 10 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). The hydroxyl radical reaction proceeds primarily through OH addition to the sulfur(1); based upon chamber experiments with similar sulfur compounds(2), the reaction products may include ethylsulfonic acid(SRC). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of ethyl mercaptan with atmospheric nitrate radicals has been experimentally determined to be 1.2X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3) which corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1 hr at an atmospheric concn of 2X10+8 nitrate radicals per cu cm(SRC); the nitrate radical occurs in the lower troposphere during nighttime hours(4). Ethyl mercaptan is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of hydrolyzable functional groups(5). Ethyl mercaptan does not absorb light at wavelengths >290 nm and therefore is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight.

An estimated BCF of 2.7 was calculated for ethyl mercaptan(SRC), using a water solubility of 1.56X10+4 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of ethyl mercaptan is estimated as 22(SRC), using a water solubility of 1.56X10+4 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that ethyl mercaptan is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for ethyl mercaptan is 4.53X10-3 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that ethyl mercaptan is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 2.4 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 3.2 days(SRC). Ethyl mercaptan's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Ethyl mercaptan is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 529 mm Hg(3).

SURFACE WATER: Ethyl mercaptan was qualitatively detected in seawater samples collected in Feb 1978 at an ocean dumpsite near Puerto Rico where pharmaceutical wastes had just been dumped(1). Ethyl mercaptan was detected in only one of 204 water samples (concentration not reported) collected from 14 heavily industrialized river basins in the US(2).

Ethyl mercaptan was qualitatively detected in the volatile components of raw chicken breast muscle(1). The compound has been identified as a beef volatile(2). Ethyl mercaptan occurs naturally in some vegetables such as cabbage(3).

TLV-TWA 0.5 ppm (～1.3 mg/m3) (ACGIH and MSHA); ceiling 10 ppm (OSHA); IDLH 2500 ppm (NIOSH).

Small amounts of ethyl mercaptan are components of human breath(1).

In rabbits after inhalation of 30 ppm for 25 min, trace amounts were detected in blood, while inhalation of 10,000 ppm for 60 min resulted in significant amount of gas in blood. After exposure ended, amount present was very small and diminished rapidly.|Ethylmercaptan is rapidly absorbed, but also readily excreted by the mammalian system. Even in a normal subject, 5.9 ug/cu m of the thiol is exhaled.|Rabbits that inhaled 30 ppm for 25 min had trace amounts of ethyl mercaptan in the blood. Inhalation of 10,000 ppm for 60 min resulted in significant amounts in the blood. After the exposure ended, the amount present in the blood was very small and diminished very rapidly.

A membrane bound enzymatic activity found in rabbit liver microsomes which catalyzes transmethylation from s-adenosylmethionine to series of c1-c3 alkane thiols. Methane and ethane thiols are endogenous toxins. Methylation could play role in metabolic detoxification.|Metabolism of ethyl mercaptan studied in rabbits. Ethyl methyl sulfide and diethyl sulfide were detected in blood and expired air.|... In dogs ... and ... guinea pigs in vitro ... ethanethiol is oxidatively metabolized to the sulfate probably via a sulfonic intermediate. One of the intermediate products is also postulated to involve ethylmethionine with a S-adenosylthionine enzyme as a mediator.|Mercaptans ... in small amount, occur naturally in urine, and appear to be related to nature of diet. ... Mercaptans also result from reduction of disulfides and may undergo methylation to form methyl alkyl sulfides, which are oxidized to corresponding sulfones. However, most of these sulfur compounds are metabolized eventually into sulfate.|For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for ETHYL MERCAPTAN (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

The inhalation toxicity of ethanethiol islower than that of methanethiol. Intraperitoneal administration in rats at sublethaldoses caused deep sedation, followed bylethargy, restlessness, lack of muscular coordination, and skeletal muscle paralysis.Higher doses produced cyanosis, kidney andliver damage, respiratory depression, coma,and death. The intraperitoneal LD50 value inrats was 450 mg/kg (ACGIH 1986).Ethanethiol is metabolized to inorganicsulfate and ethyl methyl sulfone, and excreted. The oral LD50 value in rats is 680 mg/kg.In humans, repeated exposures to itsvapors at about 5 ppm concentration canproduce irritation of the nose and throat,headache, fatigue, and nausea.

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 m1/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Sulfur and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Early intubation at the first sign of upper airway obstruction may be necessary. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Sulfur and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Human volunteers exposed to ethyl mercaptan at 10 mg/cu m (4 ppm) 3 hr daily during 5-10 days showed minimal effects such as rise in olfactory threshold and altered taste reaction to bitter and sweet substances. /Volunteers reported/ periodic nausea, irritation of mucous membranes of lips, mouth, and nose and sensation of fatigue.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Male subjects /exposed/ at 50 ppm for 20 min showed in part a decrease in respiration frequency, which was more pronounced at 112 ppm with a minute expiratory value and marked tidal volume increase, but no cardiac or vascular changes. A Russian report states that at 4 ppm, headache, irritation, and nausea were reported, but no signs and symptoms occured at 0.4 ppm.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ May be ... /SRP: CNS depressant/ in high concentrations. Irritating to mucous membranes.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Exposure to ethyl mercaptan can cause headache, nausea, weakness, fatigue, incoordination, and irritation of the mucous membranes.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ETHYL MERCAPTAN (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

ethanethiol

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation mucous membrane; headache, nausea; In Animals: incoordination, lassitude (weakness, exhaustion); liver, kidney damage; cyanosis; narcosis

Dizziness. Headache. Nausea. Vomiting. Tremor. Weakness. Unconsciousness.

Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Eyes, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, blood

Grades or purity: 98.5+%

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Ethanethiol: ACTIVE|Thiols can be prepared by a variety of methods. The most-utilized of these synthetic methods for tertiary and secondary thiols is acid-catalyzed synthesis; for normal and secondary thiols, the most-utilized methods are free-radical-initiated, alcohol substitution, or halide substitution; for mercaptoalcohols, the most-utilized method is oxirane addition; and for mercaptoacids and mercaptonitriles, the most-utilized methods are Michael-type additions. /Thiols/|Has one of the most penetrating and persistent odors known (skunk). Tomato juice is reported to deodorize materials contaminated with this compound.

Air sample, extraction with ether, colorimetric reaction, gas chromatography. General sample, column chromatography, microcoulometry.|Gas chromatography determination of trace amounts of sulfur compounds in industrial effluents.|A chemiluminescent detector for sulfur compounds.|Determination of ethyl mercaptan in air using a chemisorbent based on silica gel.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for ETHYL MERCAPTAN (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Food additives -> Flavoring Agents|Agrochemicals -> Rodenticides|Flavoring Agents -> JECFA Flavorings Index|Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 4th degree, Reactive - 1st degree

Flavoring Agents