Tin

118.71

119.90200

231-141-8

387GMG9FH5

1535

3089

DTXSID1049801

C76209

Cubic (gray); tetragonal (white); rhomboidal (tin brittle)|Almost silver-white, lustrous soft, very malleable & ductile metal; only slightly tenacious; easily powdered; when bent emits crackling "tin cry"; brittle @ 200 °C; brinell hardness 2.9; at -40 °C crumbles to gray amorphous powder (gray tin); slowly changes back above 20 °C to white tin

7106929000

0

-0.91620

White TIN is an almost silver-white, ductile, malleable, lustrous solid. mp 232° C, bp: 2507°C. Density: 7.3 g/cm3. Pure white tin becomes non-metallic powdery gray tin if held for a sustained period at temperatures less than 13°C.

7.31 g/cm³

231.9 °C

2507 °C

2270°C

H2O: soluble

0 mmHg (approx)

Noncombustible Solid, but powdered form may ignite.

Odorless

NATURALLY OCCURRING ISOTOPES: 112 (0.95%); 114 (0.65%); 115 (0.34%); 116 (14.24%); 117 (7.57%); 118 (24.01%); 119 (8.59%); 120 (32.97%); 122 (4.71%); 124 (5.98%)|Tin has two allotropic forms at normal pressure; resists distilled, sea and soft tap water; oxygen in soln accelerates attack; when heated in air, tin oxide forms|Heat of fusion: 7.03 kJ/mol /white tin/|Specific Heat: 27.0 J/mol-K (white); 25.8 J/mol-K (grey) @ 25 °C|For more Other Experimental Properties (Complete) data for TIN (13 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No rapid reaction with air No rapid reaction with water

Metals, Less Reactive

TIN is a reducing agent. Stable in massive form in air, but oxidizes (corrodes) in air as a powder, especially in the presence of water. Dissolve slowly in dilute strong acids in the cold. Dissolves in hot aqueous KOH and other strongly basic solutions. Incompatible with acids and base. Incompatible with chlorine and turpentine.

630 °C (cloud); 430 °C (layer)

Noncombustible Solid, but powdered form may ignite.

296.4 kJ/mol

III

4.1

UN 3264 8/PG 2

1

R37/38;R36/37/38

S26-S24/25-S22-S36/37/39-S33-S16-S36/37

XP7320000

Xi

Separated from strong oxidants.

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Highly flammable as a powder. Can, in powder form, lead to dust explosions. Moisture sensitive.

P305 + P351 + P338

H319-H335

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

WHEN HEATED IN CHLORINE, TIN REACTS, PRODUCING LIGHT & MUCH HEAT.|... Reacts violently with oxidants, strong acids ... and some extinguishing agents such as bicarbonate powder and carbon dioxide.|The violent reaction between /tin and bromine/ is controlled in halocarbon solutions.|Tin and bromine trifluoride react violently.|For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for TIN (22 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Combustible.|Flammable - 3rd degree

|Warning|H319 (89.8%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]|P261, P264, P271, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 791 companies from 17 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Danger|H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]|P260, P264, P270, P314, and P501|H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]|P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P314, P337+P313, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Use special powder, dry sand. NO other agents.

Skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for personal protective equipment for the body. Eyes: No recommendation is made specifying the need for eye protection. Wash skin: No recommendation is made specifying the need for washing the substance from the skin (either immediately or at the end of the work shift). Remove: No recommendation is made specifying the need for removing clothing that becomes wet or contaminated. Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 10 mg/cu m. Respirator Class(es): Any dust and mist respirator. May require eye protection.|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 20 mg/cu m. Respirator Class(es): Any dust and mist respirator except single-use and quarter-mask respirators. If notpresent as a fume. May require eye protection. Any supplied-air respirator. May require eye protection.|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 50 mg/cu m. Respirator Class(es): Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous flow mode. May require eye protection. Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a dust and mist filter. If not present as a fume. May require eye protection.|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 100 mg/cu m. Respirator Class(es): Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator with a high-efficiency particulate filter. Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece.|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for TIN (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

Combustible in the form of dust when exposed to heat or by spontaneous chemical reaction with Br2; BrF3; Cl2; ClF3; Cu(NO3); K2O2; S.

If tin ... /is/ spilled or leaked, the following steps should be taken: 1. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 2. Collect spilled or leaked material in the most convenient and safe manner for reclamation or for disposal ... Liquid containing inorganic tin compounds should be absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth, or a similar material.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

Tin dust is ... irritant to eyes & airways ... .

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted avg: 2 mg/cu m.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

Separated from strong oxidants.

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly , especially if powdered.

May cause mechanical irritation to the respiratory tract.

The substance may have effects on the lungs. This may result in a benign pneumoconiosis (stannosis).

NO open flames.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles.

Tin is a natural element in the earth's crust. It is a soft, white, silvery metal that does not dissolve in water. It is present in brass, bronze, pewter, and some soldering materials. Tin metal is used to line cans for food, beverages, and aerosols. Tin can combine with other chemicals to form compounds. Combinations with chemicals like chlorine, sulfur, or oxygen are called inorganic tin compounds (i.e., stannous chloride, stannous sulfide, stannic oxide). These are used in toothpaste, perfumes, soaps, food additives and dyes. Tin also can combine with carbon to form organotin compounds (i.e., dibutyltin, tributyltin, triphenyltin). These compounds are used to make plastics, food packages, plastic pipes, pesticides, paints, and pest repellents. Tin metal, and inorganic and organic tin compounds can be found in the air, water, and soil near places where they are naturally present in the rocks, or where they are mined, manufactured, or used.

A group of chemical elements that are needed in minute quantities for the proper growth, development, and physiology of an organism. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) (See all compounds classified as Trace Elements.)

Impurities: Antimony; arsenic; bismuth; cadmium; copper; iron; lead; nickel and cobalt; sulfur; zinc; silver /From table/

Exposure Routes: inhalation, skin and/or eye contact Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system (NIOSH, 2016)

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest.

Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

METALLIC TIN ... GENERALLY CONSIDERED OF LOW ORAL TOXICITY DUE TO ... POOR ALIMENTARY ABSORPTION.|Exposure to dust or fumes ... is known to cause a benign pneumoconiosis (stannosis). This form of pneumoconiosis produces distinctive progressive x-ray changes of the lung as long as exposure persists, but there is no distinctive fibrosis, no evidence of disability, and no special complicating factors.

Stannum

inhalation, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; In Animals: vomiting, diarrhea, paralysis with muscle twitching

Cough.

Redness. Pain.

Hematological (Blood Forming), Immunological (Immune System)|Eyes, skin, respiratory system

Cans and containers, 18%; electrical, 20%; construction, 15%; transportation, 14%; and other, 33% (1986)|(1999): Solder, 39.5%; Tinplate, 19.3%; Chemicals, 17.4%; Bronze and brass, 7.2%; Babbitt metal, 3.4%; White metal, 1.9%; Tinning, 1.8%; Bar tin 1.5%.

Metal of commerce is about 99.8% pure. ... avail in form of bars, foil, powder, shot, etc.|Grade: by % purity; spectrographic grade is 99.9999%; block tin is common designation for pure tin.|ASTM Classification: ultrapure, 99.95%; A standard, 99.85%; Grade A template 99.85%|Tin alloys are of two classes, the bronzes, copper based alloys containing tin, and white metals, alloys of tin with antimony, lead, bismuth, copper, and other metals.

All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Tin: ACTIVE|Sources of imports for 1995-1998 are Brasil, 21%; Indonesia, 20%; Bolivia, 17%;, China, 16%; and other, 26%.|The concn of tin in condensed milk from cans may reach 160 ppm & could become hazardous for babies.|Implantation of tinfoil was found to give rise to localized tumors in rats, but the effect was dependent upon the disc thickness. /Tinfoil/

Chemical Classes -> Inorganic substances|Food Contaminant -> METALS; -> JECFA Functional Classes|Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree

Food Contaminant -> METALS;