Stoddard solvent

223.109

222.02600

232-489-3

0361

1268

DTXSID9026051

Clear colorless liquid

27139090

26.30000

2.50480

Clear Solvent

0.765-0.795 g/cm³

40°C

130-230 °C

98 °C

n20/D 1.417

Insoluble

Flammables area

0.2 kPa (1.5 mm Hg) @ 25 deg C

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 4.5-5

Oral-Rat LD> 5000 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LC:> 5500 mg/m3/4 hours

Flammable; spicy and irritating smoke is released from the fire

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 0.6-8.0

Kerosene-like odor

Henry's Law constant: 0.00044 to 7.4 atm cu m/mol @ 20 °C; vapor pressure: 4 to 4.5 mm Hg @ 25 °C

Kauri-Butanol value: 27-45; dielectric constant: 2.00-3.00|Stoddard Solvent, known also as mineral spirits or white spirits, is a mixture of straight and branched chain paraffins, naphthene, and alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons; conversion factors @ 25 °C and 760 mm Hg: 1 mg/l=174.6 ppm, 1 ppm=0.00573 mg/l; odor threshold: 0.9 ppm|>65% C10 or higher hydrocarbons

Flammable. Insoluble in water.

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Saturated

NAPHTHA: STODDARD SOLVENT is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers (NIOSH, 2016).

540 °F (USCG, 1999)|Autoignition: 450 °F (232 °C)|230-240 °C

Lower flammable limit: 0.9% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 6% by volume|Class II Combustible Liquid: Fl.P. at or above 100°F and below 140°F.

Latent heat of vaporization: 284.3 J/g at boiling point

III

3.2

1263

WGK 2 water endangering

45-65-36/37/38-10-11-67-51/53-38

53-45-36/37/39-26-46-43-33-16-2-62-24-23-61

WJ8925000

T,Xi,Xn,F,N

Storeroom low temperature, ventilated, dry; fireproof; stored separately from oxidants

Mixed with air at high temperature, open flames can explode

Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Store and handle in accord with Petroleum Act.

P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P301+P310, P308+P313, P314, P331, P405, P501

H304

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Petroleum distillates may be disposed of by atomizing in a suitable combustion chamber.|Incineration: Dispose of the adsorbed material or free waste liquid by incineration or via a licensed solvent disposal company.

...Can react with oxidizing materials.

DHHS/NTP; Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Stoddard Solvent IIC (CAS No. 64742-88-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Inhalation Studies) (2004) Technical Rpt Series No. 519 NIH Pub No. 04-4453.|U.S. Dept Health & Human Services/Agency for Toxic Substances Disease Registry; Toxicological Profile for Stoddard Solvent (1995) NTIS# PB/95/264263

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. Substance may be transported hot. For hybrid vehicles, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. If molten aluminum is involved, refer to ERG Guide 169. (ERG, 2016)|Flammable. Above 21 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.|Flammable - 2nd degree

|Danger|H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P281, P301+P310, P308+P313, P314, P331, P405, and P501|H226 (41.97%): Flammable liquid and vapor [Warning Flammable liquids]|P201, P202, P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P264, P270, P273, P280, P281, P301+P310, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P314, P331, P337+P313, P370+P378, P391, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 3475 companies from 90 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H224: Extremely flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P260, P261, P264, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P312, P314, P321, P331, P332+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus. ...|(See protection codes)

Combustible

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 0.6-8.0

If material on fire or involved in fire: Use water in flooding quantities as fog. USe foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.|To fight fire, use foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.

Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.|Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.|Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Remove trapped material with suction hoses.

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.

In a 15 minute inhalation period, eye irritation, characterized as a slight dryness, was reported in one of six volunteers (ages 22-61 years) at 150 ppm (860 mg/cu m). At 470 ppm (2700 mg/cu m), ocular irritation was reported by all six volunteers.

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 8-hr Time Weighted Avg: 500 ppm (2900 mg/cu m).

Remove all ignition sources. Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Fireproof. Separated from strong oxidants.

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached rather slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes and skin. Inhalation of the vapour may cause irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. If this liquid is swallowed, aspiration into the lungs may result in chemical pneumonitis. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. Exposure to high concentrations of vapour could cause unconsciousness.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking. The substance may have effects on the central nervous system.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Above 21 °C use a closed system, ventilation and explosion-proof electrical equipment.

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety spectacles.

| 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.| 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Stoddard solvent is a colorless, flammable liquid that smells and tastes like kerosene. It will turn into a vapor at temperatures of 150-200°C.Stoddard solvent is a petroleum mixture that is also known as dry cleaning safety solvent, petroleum solvent, and varnoline; its registered trade names are Texsolve S® and Varsol 1®. It is a chemical mixture that is similar to white spirits.Stoddard solvent is used as a paint thinner; in some types of photocopier toners, printing inks, and adhesives; as a dry cleaning solvent; and as a general cleaner and degreaser.Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) the Public Health Service, or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS).

moderately toxic

IDENTIFICATION: Stoddard solvent is a petrolleum distillate defined according to its boilng range and lack of objectionable odors due to the presence of impurities. It is a clear colorless solution with poor water solubility and has a characteristic odor. Stoddard solvent commonluy used in paints and varnishes and in cleaning products. I has uses as a degreaser. HUMAN EXPOSURE: Humans are exposed to Stoddard solvent through inhalation. The vapor is readily absorbed by inhalation and the hydrocarbons distributed to the blood and other tissues. Stoddard solvent is eliminated from the blood in a biphasic manner after exposure. After an initial and very short distribution phase with rapid elimination from the blood, a long phase with considerable slower elimination follows. Individuals exposed to this material have reported eye irritation, acute CNS symptoms such as headache, dizziness, performance speed reductions, cyanosis, apnea and cardiac arrest. Ingestion of this solvent has caused pain, gastrointestinal irritation, vomiting and diarrhea. Lesions of the esophagus and gastrointestinal tract have been noted. Single cases of acute toxicity to the liver, kidney and bone marrow have been reported in individuals who have been exposed to high concentrations of this distillate. Clinical studies reveal decreased erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet counts and increased mean corpuscular volume in exposed workers. Reduced aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activity and elevated creatinine kinase activity been noted. Dermal exposure to Stoddard solvent causes dermatitis and irritation. ANIMAL/PLANT STUDIES: In laboratory animals, Stoddard solvent was determined to be a slight dermal irritant. Cats exposed to high concentrations of this material showed signs of toxicity which included irritation, loss of coordination, tremor and clonic spasms. Rabbits exposed to relatively high concentrations to this solvent caused loss of appetite and hypoactivity. In short and long term studies on Stoddard solvent, the CNS, respiratory system, liver and kidney were found to be target of this solvent toxicity. Respiratory tract irritation and histopathological changes were noted in rats exposed nose only to Stoodard solvent. Guinea pigs are the most sensitive species to this solvent. Nerve conduction velocity in the tail was noted in rats exposed to Stoddard solvent. Increases in catecholamines and serotonin levels were found in the brains of rats exposed to this solvent. Sensory evoked potentials in rats changed notably along with increased levels of reactive oxygen species in brain tissue of rats exposed to the solvent. Developmental studies using Stoddard solvent have came up negative. Stoddard solvent was not found to be genotoxic in assays with Salmonella typhimurium and Saccharomyces cerevisae, a mouse lymphoma assay, mouse and rat bone marrow cytogenic tests and rat and mouse dominant lethal tests. Inhibitory effects on growth of the fungus Aspergillus niger have been noted. No effects were found on mycorrhizal fungi were observed.[

2-Week study in /F344/N/ rat groups of five male and five female rats were exposed to Stoddard solvent IIC by inhalation at concentrations of 0, 138, 275, 550, 1,100, or 2,200 mg/cu m, 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 16 days. All rats survived to the end of the study, and mean body weights of all exposed groups were similar to those of the chamber controls. Liver weights of males exposed to 550 mg/cu m or greater and of females exposed to 275 mg/cu m or greater were increased. Minimal diffuse cytoplasmic vacuolization of hepatocytes of the liver occurred in all females exposed to 2,200 mg/cu m. /Stoddard Solvent IIC/|3-Month study in /F344/N/ rat groups of 10 male and 10 female rats were exposed to Stoddard solvent IIC by inhalation at concentrations of 0, 138, 275, 550, 1,100, or 2,200 mg/cu m, 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 14 weeks. All rats survived to the end of the study, and the final mean body weight of females exposed to 275 mg/cu m was greater than that of the chamber controls. The relative kidney, liver, and testis weights of all exposed groups of males and the absolute kidney weights of males exposed to 550 mg/cu m or greater were increased. The sperm motility of 550 mg/cu m or greater males was significantly decreased. The incidences of renal tubule granular casts were significantly increased in males exposed to 550 mg/cu m or greater, and the severities of renal tubule hyaline droplet accumulation, granular casts, and regeneration increased with increasing exposure concentration in males. The incidences of goblet cell hypertrophy of the nasal respiratory epithelium in males and females exposed to 2,200 mg/cu m were significantly increased. Sperm motility was decreased in males exposed to 550 mg/cu m or greater. /Stoddard Solvent IIC/|2-Week study in /B6C3F1/ mice groups of five male and five female mice were exposed to Stoddard solvent IIC by inhalation at concentrations of 0, 138, 275, 550, 1,100, or 2,200 mg/cu m, 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 17 days. All mice survived to the end of the study, and mean body weights of all exposed groups were similar to those of the chamber controls. Liver weights of males and females exposed to 275 mg/cu m or greater were significantly increased. Cytomegaly of the liver occurred in all males and females exposed to 2,200 mg/cu m. /Stoddard Solvent IIC/|3-Month study in /B6C3F1/ mice groups of 10 male and 10 female mice were exposed to Stoddard solvent IIC by inhalation at concentrations of 0, 138, 275, 550, 1,100, or 2,200 mg/cu m, 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 14 weeks. Mean body weights of exposed groups were similar to those of the chamber controls, but liver weights of males exposed to 2,200 mg/cu m were significantly increased. The sperm motility of 2,200 mg/cu m males was significantly decreased. This reduction in sperm motility, while statistically significant, is probably of modest importance as studies in mice have found that fertility is unaffected by motility decreases of less than 40%. The incidences of hematopoietic cell proliferation of the spleen in all exposed groups of females were greater than that in the chamber controls. /Stoddard Solvent IIC/|For more National Toxicology Program Studies (Complete) data for STODDARD SOLVENT (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Preexisting liver disease would likely decrease the rate of metabolism and increase the amount of Stoddard solvent circulating in the blood. ...Because excretion probably occurs throught the lungs and kidneys, persons with lung impairment ... or renal insufficiency may retain Stoddard solvent or its metabolites, leading to an increased risk of toxicity.

In general, it can be expected that the more highly volatile components of Stoddard solvent would cross from the lungs into the bloodstream more readily than other components. The components with higher blood/gas phase solubility ratios (such as the aromatics: substituted benzenes and toluenes) would be expected to be absorbed more completely than those with lower ratios (such as the cyclohexanes).|Although no studies were found that reported the excretion of Stoddard solvent after inhalation or oral exposure in humans and animals, or after dermal exposure in humans, it is expected that volatile components or metabolites of Stoddard solvent that have low blood solubility would be most easily excreted in exhaled breath.|Studies in humans and animals have shown that Stoddard solvent and white spirits are readily absorbed through the lungs. In general, it can be expected that Stoddard solvent components such as the aromatics, which have higher blood/gas solubility ratios, would be more completely absorbed through the lungs that those with lower ratios. ... No studies were located that reported the absorption of Stoddard solvent after oral exposure in either humans or animals. However, from studies of other petroleum distillates, it is expected that certain components of Stoddard solvent (smaller alkanes or aromatics) might be more readily absorbed than other components such as longer (C10-C16) alkane chains. Neither human nor animal studies evaluating the absorption of Stoddard solvent after dermal exposure were located, but dermal absorption in rats is known to have occurred after application of white spirits. Aromatic components would be expected to have greater dermal absorption than aliphatic components.

High concentration of vapors may cause intoxication. If liquid is swallowed, it may get into lungs by aspiration; not very irritating to skin or eyes. (USCG, 1999)

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Provide basic supportive care for all symptomatic patients, whether from aspiration, ingestion, or inhalation. (1) Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Administer supplemental oxygen. (2) Monitor arterial blood gases or oximetry, chest x-ray, and ECG and admit symptomatic patients to intensive care setting. (3) Use epinephrine and other sympathomimetic amines with caution in patients with significant hydrocarbon intoxication, because arrhythmias may be induced. Patients who remain asymptomatic after 4-6 hours of observation may be discharged. In contrast, if the patient is coughing on arrival, aspiration has probably occurred. Administer supplemental oxygen, and treat bronchospasm, hypoxia, and pneumonia if they occur. Do not use steroids or prophylactic antibiotics. /Hydrocarbons/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 m/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . /Hydrocarbon Blends, Mixtures, and Related Compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, is in respiratory arrest, or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of pulmonary edema ... . Treat seizures with diazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Hydrocarbon Blends, Mixtures, and Related Compounds/|In cases of acute inhalation exposure to Stoddard solvent, the person should be removed immediately from the source of exposure. After initial evaluation and treatment to maintain respiratory and cardiovascular functions, decontamination procedures should be instituted. Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed areas with mild soap and shampoo, then rinse thoroughly with water. Direct eye splashes should be treated by irrigation with saline or water for 15 minutes or until pain resolves. Inhalation exposure may cause respiratory, circulatory, or mental status changes. Supplemental oxygen should be administered as needed. Further evaluation, including blood gas analysis, chest radiography, ECG monitoring, and baseline liver and kidney function tests, should be considered in serious overexposures. Because the threat of systemic toxicity is low after Stoddard solvent ingestion and because of potential for pulmonary aspiration, gastric decontamination...is not recommended in most cases. Corticosteroids and prophylactic antibiotics are not necessary .... Patients who are asymptomatic after six hours of observation may be discharged from the hospital. Patients who develop chemical pneumonitis will require intensive supportive pulmonary care.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Men exposed for 30 minutes to up to 2,400 mg/cu m of completely vaporized Stoddard solvent at 0, 600, 1,800, and 2,400 mg/cu m had no dose-related changes in hand-eye coordination, reaction time/decision making or video game visual motor skill/band-eye coordination challenges. When results were compared to control values from unexposed men, there was a statistically significant difference observed in both the eye-hand coordination test and the video game visual motor test at 600 mg/cu m. Since the results at higher exposure levels were not different from controls, 2,400 mg/cu m was considered to be the tentative level at which no effect was observed|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ In a 15 minute inhalation period, eye irritation, characterized as a slight dryness, was reported in one of six volunteers (ages 22-61 years) at 150 ppm (860 mg/cu m). At 470 ppm (2700 mg/cu m), ocular irritation was reported by all six volunteers.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Follicular dermatitis can develop rapidly on repeated immersion of the hands and forearms in Stoddard solvent.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Combined (gross) percutaneous and inhalation exposure to Stoddard solvent (at concentrations associated with nausea) has been responsible for production of frank hepatic toxicity and jaundice.|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for STODDARD SOLVENT (14 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Stoddard solvent

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour, through the skin and by ingestion.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, nose, throat; dizziness; dermatitis; chemical pneumonitis (aspiration liquid); In Animals: kidney damage

Cough. Sore throat. Headache. Nausea. Fatigue. Dizziness. Confusion. Unconsciousness.

Dry skin. Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Neurological (Nervous System), Ocular (Eyes), Respiratory (From the Nose to the Lungs)|Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, kidneys

All other chemical product and preparation manufacturing|Stoddard solvent: ACTIVE

Method: OSHA 48, Petroleum Distillate Fractions by Gas Chromatography using Flame Ionization Detector; Analyte: stoddard solvent; Matrix: air; Reliable Quantitation Level: 0.77 mg/sample (260 mg/cu m).|Method: NIOSH 1550, Issue 2, Naphthas using Gas Chromatography and Flame Ionization Detection; Analyte: naphtha hydrocarbons; Matrix: air; Estimated Level of Detection: 0.1 mg per air sample. /Naphthas/

Chemical Classes -> Volatile organic compounds|Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 2nd degree