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Hexachloroethane

Hexachloroethane structure

CAS No:
67-72-1
Formula:
C2Cl6
Chemical Name:
Hexachloroethane
Synonyms:
Ethane,1,1,1,2,2,2-hexachloro-;Ethane,hexachloro-;1,1,1,2,2,2-Hexachloroethane;Avlothane;Ethane hexachloride;Hexachloroethane;Perchloroethane;Phenohep;Hexachlorethane;Hexachloroethylene;Fasciolin;Egitol;Mottenhexe;Falkitol;Distokal;Distopan;Distopin;Fron 110;NSC 9224;1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
Categories:
Organic Chemistry > Hydrocarbons and Derivatives

Description

Hexachloroethane (HCE; CASRN 67-72-1) is a halogenated hydrocarbon consisting of six chlorines attached to an ethane backbone. In the past, HCE was used as an anti-helminthic for the treatment of sheep flukes, but is no longer used for this purpose since the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) withdrew approval for this use in 1971
[1]
. HCE is primarily used by the military for smoke pots; smoke grenades, and pyrotechnic devices
[1]
. HCE has also been used as a polymer add

Hexachloroethane Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

236.74

Exact Mass：

236.74

BRN：

1740341

EC Number：

200-666-4

HScode：

2942000000

Characteristics

PSA：

XLogP3：

3.9

Appearance：

White Crystals or Crystalline Powder

Density：

2.091 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

Melting Point：

183-185 °C (sublm)

Boiling Point：

185 °C

Flash Point：

9℃

Refractive Index：

1.533

Water Solubility：

H2O: 0.05 g/L (22 ºC);soluble in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether

Storage Conditions：

2-8°C

Vapor Pressure：

0.4 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

Vapor Density：

8.16 (vs air)

Toxicity：

Oral-rat LD50：4460 mg/kg; Abdominal cavity-mouse LD50：4500 mg/kg

Flammability characteristics：

Non-combustible; high-temperature decomposition; burning releases toxic chloride

Explosive limit：

Reaction of aluminium powder with hexachloroethane in alcohol is not initially violent, but may become so.

Odor：

Camphor-like odor

Safety Information

Packing level：

III

Hazard category：

Transport codes：

UN 9037

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

40-51/53-36/37/38-39/23/24/25-36/38-23/24/25-11-50/53-52/53

safety instructions：

36/37-61-45-36/37/39-26-24-16-7-37/39

RTECS Number：

KI4025000

Marks：

Xn,N,T,F

Storage features：

Treasury is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from food additives

Stability/Shelf Life：

Stable. Non-combustible. May react with hot metals, strong oxidizing agents.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P261-P273-P281-P305 + P351 + P338-P501

Hazard Statements：

H315-H319-H335-H351-H410

Toxicity

Toxicity class：

moderately toxic

Hexachloroethane Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

It is obtained by chlorination of tetrachloroethane. Put the dehydrated tetrachloroethane into the glass-lined reaction pot and pass chlorine gas under strong light irradiation, the reaction temperature gradually rises, and finally maintains at 90-100℃. When the reaction solution turns from muddy to clear and crystallization occurs in the chlorine tube, chlorination reaches the end point. Stop chlorine passing, raise the temperature to 120°C, discharge the residual chlorine in the pot to reach the end. Stop the chlorine, raise the high temperature to 120 ℃, and drain the residual chlorine in the pot. Discharge the material into a crystallization pot filled with boiling water, wash with hot water, and then add 1% sodium carbonate and 5% urea solution to stir to remove chlorine. After washing thoroughly with water, cooling and crystallizing, centrifugal filtration, and finally soaking the crystals in distilled water and then spin-drying, drying and crushing at 40 ℃ to obtain hexachloroethane. The industry also uses trichloroethylene and chlorine gas for photochlorination. The photochlorination reaction of trichloroethylene with chlorine gas generates pentachloroethane, and then reacts with liquid alkali to generate tetrachloroethylene. Tetrachloroethylene and liquid chlorine (1: 0.213) are obtained by photo-chlorination to obtain crude products, which are then neutralized with soda ash, washed with water, cooled and crystallized, centrifugally filtered, dried and crushed to obtain finished products. Hexachloroethane is produced by this method, consuming 680 kg of trichloroethylene and 700 kg of liquid chlorine per ton of product. In addition, carbon tetrachloride reacts with chlorine gas in the presence of aluminum chloride, or ethylene reacts with chlorine at 300-350°C to produce the product.

Uses

In metallurgy for refining aluminum alloys, removing impurities from molten metals, recovering metal from ores or smelting products.Degassing agent for magnesium; to inhibit explosiveness of methane and combustion of ammonium perchlorate.Smoke generator in grenades; in pyrotechnics.Ignition suppressant, in fire extinguishing fluids, polymer additive, flame-proofing agent, vulcanizing agent.In production of synthetic diamonds.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:236.7
XLogP3:4.1
Exact Mass:235.810166
Monoisotopic Mass:233.813116
Heavy Atom Count:8
Complexity:61.5
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Material

Tetrachloroethylene

Sodium hydroxide

Carbon tetrachloride

Trichloroethylene

Downstream Products

Tetrachloroethylene

Carbon tetrachloride

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