Manganese oxide (MnO)

70.94

70.932961

215-695-8

DTXSID5042110

Green cubic crystals or powder

17.1

-0.11880

Green Powder/Chunks

5.37 g/cm³

1840 °C

2.16

soluble in hydrochloric acid.Insoluble in water.

Subcutaneous-mouse LD50: 1000 mg/kg

Non-combustible, fire emits spicy manganese-containing spicy stimulating smoke

The diffusion coefficient of manganous oxide in air was found to be 10.8 + or - 0.3 cm sq/min at 22-23 °C, which compares favorably with a theoretical estimate.|Reacts at varying rates with oxygen, thereby forming manganese(II,III) oxide.

NONH for all modes of transport

3

21-36/37/38

26-36

OP0900000

Xn

Warehouse low temperature, ventilated, dry

P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501

H302

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Manganous oxide in nutrients and/or dietary supplements is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practices.|Trace minerals added to animal feeds. These substances added to animal feeds as nutritional dietary supplements are generally recognized as safe when added at levels consistent with good feeding practice. Element: Manganese; Source compound: manganese oxide. (All substances listed may be in anhydrous or hydrated form.)

|Warning|H302 (79.3%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 600 companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Danger|H372: Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure [Danger Specific target organ toxicity, repeated exposure]|P260, P264, P270, P314, and P501

Non combustible

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants.

Permissible Exposure Limit: Table Z-1 Ceiling value: 5 mg/cu m. /Manganese cmpd (as Mn)/

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hr Time-Weighted Avg: 1 mg/cu m. /Manganese compounds and fume (as Mn)/|Recommended Exposure Limit: 15 Min Short-Term Exposure Limit: 3 mg/cu m. /Manganese compounds and fume (as Mn)/

Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Manganous oxide is included on this list.|... Substances for which a Federal Register notice has been published that included consideration of the serious health effects, including cancer, form ambient air exposure to the substance. Manganese (50 FR 32627; Aug. 13, 1985) is included on this list. /Manganese/

Amt of manganous oxide in smoke & powder from electric furnaces for steel production was 3-12 mg/cu m. Air samples taken from samplers mounted on furnace operators & crane operators nearby gave 0.09 mg/cu m. 3.96 mg/cu m was measured from arc welding of stainless steel.

moderately toxic

Manganous oxide is found in nature as manganosite. ...

THE OPERATIONS THAT PRODUCE THE HIGHEST CONCN OF MANGANESE DIOXIDE DUST ARE THOSE OF DRILLING AND SHOTFIRING. CONSEQUENTLY, THE MOST DANGEROUS JOB IS HIGH-SPEED DRILLING. /MANGANESE/

COMPARISON OF PERCENTAGE OF MANGANESE RETAINED BY INFANT RATS INGESTING (54)MANGANESE OXIDE OR (54)MANGANESE CHLORIDE SHOWED INVERSE DOSE DEPENDENCE FOR OXIDE AND RELATIVE DOSE INDEPENDENCE FOR CHLORIDE OVER RANGE 25-500 UG. 12 TIMES MORE CHLORIDE WAS RETAINED THAN OXIDE IN RANGE 100-500 UG.|... Male ddY-mice were divided into five groups of six animals each, and Groups 1 to 4 were given 2 g Mn/kg ... chow in the form of manganese chloride, manganese acetate, manganese carbonate, or manganese oxide, in the diets for 12 months, while Group 5 served as control. Twenty four hours after the last feed, animals were decapitated and brains were rapidly removed for study of the different regions (corpus striatum, hypothalamus, midbrain, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata). ... Results showed that cerebral cortex levels of manganese in mice exposed to the nearly insoluble manganese carbonate and manganese oxide were higher than in controls, while manganese concentrations in the corpus striatum were similar to those in controls. Microsomal manganese in treated mice was also higher than in controls. / A/ gel chromatographic profile of corpus striatum showed that 20% manganese was in the high molecular weight fractions, 45% was in the middle molecular weight fractions, while 32% was in the low molecular weight fractions. The percent manganese in high molecular weight fractions was higher (29% to 49%) in the manganese treated groups than in controls. The percentage of manganese in low molecular weight fractions of the manganese oxide exposed group (9%) was lower than in the manganese chloride, manganese acetate, and manganese carbonate exposed groups (42%, 36%, and 38%, respectively).|... Monkeys and rats /exposed/ to an aerosol of Mn3O4 produced by the combustion of gasoline containing methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) 24 hr/day for 9 months. The concentration of manganese in the kidneys increased in a dose-dependent manner in both species, but liver concentrations remained the same, regardless of exposure concentration. ... The authors interpreted these findings as indicating that manganese metabolism and excretion are homeostatically controlled, primarily in the liver /Mn3O4/.|Twenty-four crossbred Florida native wether lambs, 28 kg initially, were /fed/ ... a basal diet (31 ppm manganese dry matter basis) supplemented with either 0, 500, 1,000, 2,000 or 4,000 ppm manganese from feed grade manganese oxide or 2,000, 4,000 or 8,000 ppm manganese from reagent grade manganese carbonate... for 84 d ... . Manganese concentration in kidney, spleen, heart, skeletal muscle, bone, serum (P less than .01) and liver (P less than .05) increased as dietary manganese increased. Kidney P was reduced (P less than .05) as dietary manganese increased; however, no other tissue minerals were affected. At comparable levels of supplementation, sheep fed feed-grade manganese oxide exhibited numerically greater tissue manganese concentration than did those fed reagent grade manganese carbonate and regression analysis indicated higher rates of tissue uptake in manganese oxide-supplemented sheep. ...|... The manganese content of the blood and brains of mice given single sc injections of three different forms of manganese, MnCl2, Mn3O4, or MMT, /were measured./ Increased manganese concentrations were observed in both the blood and brain after the administration of each of these compounds. The highest concentrations in the brain were achieved after administration of soluble MnCl2. /Mn3O4/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . /Manganese and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or in severe respiratory distress. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Manganese and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/... INHALATION OF MANGANESE OXIDE (DUST PARTICLES OF ABOUT 3 UM ...) FOR FEW MO CAUSES PULMONARY PNEUMONITIS IN MANGANESE INDUSTRIAL WORKERS. ... /IT/ IS CHARACTERIZED BY ONSET OF PNEUMONIA, INTENSE DYSPNEA, HIGH BODY TEMP, ACUTE RADIOLOGIC SIGNS OF LOBAR PNEUMONIA, & HEMORRHAGE IN LUNG WITH LITTLE EXPECTORATION ... .|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Cases of manganese poisoning in a plant in Yugoslavia where concentrations of manganese oxide dusts were between 7 and 63 mg/cu m, but the incidence of intoxication was low when concentrations ranged from 3 to 9 mg/cu m.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ IN ITS ACUTE FORM, MANGANESE POISONING HAS THE EFFECT, CHARACTERISTIC OF OTHER HEAVY METALS IF /DUST OR FUME IS/ INHALED IN SUFFICIENT QUANTITY, OF PRODUCING "METAL FUME FEVER".|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ... /MANGANESE PSYCHOSIS/ IS NOTABLY ABSENT FROM REPORTS OF MANGANESE POISONING IN STEEL FOUNDRIES & ORE-CRUSHING PLANTS IN UNITED STATES.|/EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES/ A ... role of manganese in the development of bronchial asthma has been found in an epidemiologic study of 809 manganese mine workers in Chiatura, Soviet Union, attributing to manganese the properties of a weak chemical allergen. Of the men examined, 90.79% were between the ages of 31 and 50 yr, and 67.6% had worked in the mines more than 10 yr. Allergic dieases of the respiratory tract were found in 65 workers (8%), including 61 (7.5%) with bronchial asthma or asthmatic bronchitis, and 4 (0.5%) with rhinitis; extrarespiratory allergic diseases, eczema and urticaria, were found 17 (2.1%). Of 21 suffering form bronchial asthma, 10 displayed initial symptoms after recovering from acute respiratory infection while working in manganese production. The disease began gradually, but exacerbation of the condition distinctly correlated with the effect of the mine dust. The etiologic relation of manganese to bronchial asthma was shown by the disappearance of symtoms during the holidays and redevelopment after returning to work. Confirmation of the etiologic role of manganese was made by specific clinical allergologic and immunologic studies (patch tests of the delayed type, promotive inhalation test, and determination of specific damage to basophils). In common with the specific development of allergic states, /it was/ found that bronchial asthma developed rarely (1.6%) in working areas with high manganese dust concn. With low dust concn, at or slightly above the Soviet MAK of 0.3 mg manganese/cu m, the number of patients was considerably higher (7.5%), a finding in agreement with reduction in intensity of the skin reaction in guinea pigs with increased sensitizing doses. Further establishment of the role of manganese in bronchial asthma was found from a comparison of a control group of 130 male residents of Chiatura. Persons suffering from bronchial asthma was 2.5 times less (3%) and, of these, 3 of 4 patients has an infectious allergic type of disease.

hausmannite

A PRODUCT CALLED NU-MANESE CONTAINS 62% OF MANGANOUS OXIDE, OR 48% MANGANESE.|Grades: technical|60% Mn, fine powder for fertilizer use; 38% Mn, coarse granular for bulk blending, fine granular for wet-process ammoniation; 38% Mn, coarse granular for bulk blending, fine granular for wet-process ammoniation.|Manganese oxide, 60% Mn; Manganese Oxide-HP, 77% Mn.|F-287 G, 28% Mn, manganese oxide-sulfate, granular; 42% Mn, 52% Mn, manganese oxide-sulfate, granular; 30-65% Mn, manganous oxide, granular and powder.

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting|Manganese oxide (MnO): ACTIVE