Butyric anhydride

158.19

158.20

1099474

203-383-4

A88LE742VX

2739

DTXSID8026729

Water-white liquid

2915900090

43.4

1.64

Clear colorless to light yellow Liquid

0.9668 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-75 °C

199.4-201.4 °C

190 °F

1.421

Decomposes in water;alcohol: soluble (with decomposition)(lit.)

Store below +30°C.

10 mm Hg ( 79.5 °C)

5.45 (vs air)

Oral-Rat LD50: 8790 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LDL0: 1000  mg/kg

Combustible in case of open flame, high temperature and strong oxidant; burning emits irritating smoke

1.1%, 104°F

PUNGENT ODOR

Henry's Law constant = 1.1X10-4 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

Hydrolyzes to butyric acid; wt/gal 8.1 lb at 20 °C|Molar heat capacity (298.15 K) = 283.7 J/mol K|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 3.34X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Slowly reacts with water to form butyric acid.

Anhydrides

BUTYRIC ANHYDRIDE reacts exothermically with water. The reaction is usually slow, but might become violent if local heating accelerates their rate. Acids accelerate the reaction with water. Incompatible with acids, strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, amines, and bases.

535 °F (279 °C)

Lower flammable limit: 0.9% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 5.8% by volume

50 kJ/mol at bp

Critical temperature: 644 K /estimated/; critical pressure: 2.63X10+6 Pa /estimated/

III

8

UN 2739 8/PG 3

1

14-34

26-36/37/39-45

ET7090000

C

Complete packaging, light loading and unloading; warehouse ventilated, away from open flame, high temperature, and stored separately from oxidant

P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P310

H314

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

BUTYRIC ANHYDRIDE reacts exothermically with water. The reaction is usually slow, but might become violent if local heating accelerates their rate. Acids accelerate the reaction with water. Incompatible with acids, strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, amines, and bases.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water. (ERG, 2016)|Corrosives, Flammable - 2nd degree, Reactive - 1st degree

|Danger|H302 (55.66%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 330 companies from 10 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P309+P311, P310, P321, P363, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. FOR CHLOROSILANES, use AFFF alcohol-resistant medium-expansion foam to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. (ERG, 2016)|...SUITABLE PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT...WORN. IN CERTAIN CIRCUMSTANCES, PARTICULARLY THOSE ASSOCIATED WITH MAINTENANCE WORK, SUITABLE EYE PROTECTION EQUIPMENT & RESP PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ARE NECESSARY. /ACID ANHYDRIDES/

Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

... Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. ... Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|ADEQUATE VENTILATION SHOULD BE PROVIDED... /ACID ANHYDRIDES/|SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.

/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for BUTYRIC ANHYDRIDE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

BUTYRIC ANHYDRIDE CAUSES PERSISTENT EYE IRRITATION IF CONTACT WITH VAPOR IS REPEATED & PROLONGED. IT IS ALSO A SKIN IRRITANT.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Butyric anhydride is produced, as an intermediate or a final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

| 3 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause serious or permanent injury.| 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

moderately toxic

Whole unfractionated heparin can modestly decrease tumor growth, but the dose of heparin is limited by its anticoagulant properties. To overcome this limitation... the chemical structure of heparin /was modified/ and a heparin derivative /was prepared/ by O-acylating low molecular weight heparin with butyric anhydride, producing a more potent antiproliferative compound, which is only weakly anticoagulant so that the dose may be escalated without threat of hemorrhage. ...this study... investigated the effect of this chemically modified heparin, butanoylated heparin, on the growth of lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. /It was/ found that butanoylated heparin a) significantly inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro and lung cancer growth in mice and rats; b) had very low anticoagulant effect; c) had no significant toxicity on heart, liver, kidney and lung; d) significantly although modestly induced apoptosis and decreased expression of the cell proliferation pathway consisting of mutant p53, phospho-Rb and E2F1 expression in the tumor tissues. /It was/ also found that butanoylated heparin significantly inhibited CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression, suggesting that CXCL12/CXCR4 axis may be involved in regulation of tumor growth inhibition by heparin. /It was/ concluded that chemically modified butanoylated heparin has potent antiproliferative activity against lung cancer and may represent a new chemical therapeutic agent for cancer patients.

LD50 Rat oral 8790 mg/kg

Butyric anhydride's production and use in the manufacture of butyrates, drugs, and tanning agents(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that butyric anhydride is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). However, butyric anhydride hydrolyzes to butyric acid in water(3); the neutral hydrolysis half-life at 25 °C is about 4.3 minutes based on analogy to similar anhydrides(2). Therefore leaching in soil due to rain or runoff is not expected to be an important fate process. The potential for volatilization of butyric anhydride from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.3 mm Hg at 25 °C(4) and its existence as a liquid at ambient temperatures(3).|AQUATIC FATE: Hydrolysis is the dominant fate process for butyric anhydride in water(SRC). In water, butyric anhydride hydrolyzes to butyric acid(1). Based on analogy to similar anhydrides(SRC), the neutral aqueous hydrolysis half-life of butyric anhydride at 25 °C is about 4.3 minutes(2). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 3440 L/mole-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(3); this corresponds to half-lives of 17 and 1.7 minutes at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(SRC). Due to hydrolysis, bioconcentration and volatilization are not expected to be important fate processes(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), butyric anhydride, which has a vapor pressure of 0.3 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase butyric anhydride is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4.8 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.34X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of butyric anhydride with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.34X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4.8 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Based on analogy to similar anhydrides(SRC), the neutral aqueous hydrolysis half-life of butyric anhydride at 25 °C is about 4.3 minutes(1). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 3440 L/mole-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 17 and 1.7 minutes at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(SRC).

Butyric anhydride hydrolyzes to butyric acid in water(1); the neutral hydrolysis half-life at 25 °C is about 4.3 minutes based on analogy to similar anhydrides(2). Therefore, butyric anhydride is not expected to bioconcentrate in fish(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of butyric anhydride can be estimated to be 10(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that butyric anhydride is expected to have very high mobility in soil. However, butyric anhydride hydrolyzes to butyric acid in water(2); the neutral hydrolysis half-life at 25 °C is about 4.3 minutes based on analogy to similar anhydrides(1).

Butyric anhydride hydrolyzes to butyric acid in water(1); the neutral hydrolysis half-life at 25 °C is about 4.3 minutes based on analogy to similar anhydrides(2). Therefore, volatilization of butyric anhydride from surface waters or moist soil is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC). The potential for volatilization of butyric anhydride from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.3 mm Hg at 25 °C(3) and its existence as a liquid at ambient temperatures(1).

According to the 2006 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of butyric anhydride is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 4,817 workers (755 of these were female) were potentially exposed to butyric anhydride in the US(1). Occupational exposure to butyric anhydride may occur through inhalation of vapor and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where butyric anhydride is produced or used(SRC).

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim calm and warm. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. (ERG, 2016)

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Organic acids and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist respirations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Activated charcoal is not effective ... . Do not attempt to neutralize because of exothermic reaction. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Early intubation, at the first sign of upper airway obstruction, may be necessary. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic acids and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ BUTYRIC ANHYDRIDE CAUSES PERSISTENT EYE IRRITATION IF CONTACT WITH VAPOR IS REPEATED AND PROLONGED. IT IS ALSO A SKIN IRRITANT.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ ...THEY MAY PRODUCE CHRONIC CONJUNCTIVITIS. THEY ARE SLOWLY HYDROLYZED ON CONTACT WITH BODY TISSUES AND MAY OCCASIONALLY CAUSE SENSITIZATION. /ACID ANHYDRIDES/

Grades: Technical; 98%

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|Butanoic acid, 1,1'-anhydride: ACTIVE

MATRIX: AIR; PROCEDURE: BUBBLER COLLECTION, COLORIMETRIC. /ACID ANHYDRIDE/|An analytical method for the analysis of bee repellent residues to 1 ppm in honey samples was developed. The method involved a single ether extraction of a water-diluted honey sample followed by gas chromatographic analysis. The bee repellent residues detected in the honey for each repellent included: butyric acid from butyric anhydride (Bee Go); propionic acid from propionic anhydride; phenol from applied phenol, and benzoic acid from benzaldehyde. Quantification of benzoic acid in honey samples was hindered by the varying amounts of natural benzoic acid in honey. From field trials, it seemed that the use of phenol and propionic anhydride left considerably larger amounts of residue (averaging 6.6 ppm for phenol and 7.9 ppm for propionic anhydride) in honey than the use of butyric anhydride or benzaldehyde (most samples containing trace levels, < 0.05 ppm).

Fire Hazards -> Corrosives, Flammable - 2nd degree, Reactive - 1st degree