Trioctyl trimellitate

546.77800

546.78

617-369-4

378539Q830

DTXSID9026265

Yellow oily liquid

2917399090

78.90000

8.80620

Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is a yellow oily liquid. (NTP, 1992)

0.98

46ºC

414 °C

238.3ºC

1.485-1.487

In water, 3.9X10-4 mg/L at 25 deg C

Keep container closed when not in use. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from

3.8X10-6 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

LD50 orl-mus: >60 g/kg GISAAA 46(5),87,81

Lower flammable limit: 0.26% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 2.5% by volume

Henry's Law constant = 4.45X10-7 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

264.41 Ų [M+Na]+

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 3.28X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Insoluble in water.

Esters, Sulfate Esters, Phosphate Esters, Thiophosphate Esters, and Borate Esters

TRIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) TRIMELLITATE is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.

Lower flammable limit: 0.26% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 2.5% by volume

NONH for all modes of transport

1

24/25

DC2080000

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

P201, P202, P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P281, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501

H315

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Waste treatment methods. Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents.

This compound is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Warning|H315 (22.97%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P201, P202, P261, P264, P271, P280, P281, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 375 companies from 6 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material under freezer conditions. STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)|Eye/face protection: Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Impervious clothing, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection: Respiratory protection not required. For nuisance exposures use type OV/AG (US) or type ABEK (EU EN 14387) respirator cartridges. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.

Accidental Release Measures. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Environmental precautions: Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Appropriate engineering controls: General industrial hygiene practice.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Tris (2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate (TOTM) is a yellow oily liquid. It is used as a plasticizer. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Slight erythema was observed in four individuals exposed to TOTM, two of which resolved within 96 hr and one that occurred only after 96 hr. TOTM was estrogenic in both ERalpha and ERbeta transfected human cells. ANIMAL STUDIES: Slight erythema was seen in all rabbits 30-60 minutes after removal of the occlusive patch. Only one rabbit was affected at 72 hr and no abnormalities were observed at 7 days. In 21 day rat gavage study relative liver weights were significantly increased in female rats at all dose levels (a non-dose related increase) compared to controls. Males in the top dose group showed a slight increase in hepatic peroxisomes compared to controls. Various hepatic enzyme activities (palmitoyl-CoA and lauric acid 12-hydroxylase) were increased in males at 200 mg/kg bw and in females at 2000 mg/kg bw. TOTM was not mutagenic in S. typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, or TA1538 with or without S-9 metabolic activation systems even at concentrations up to 1.0 mg/plate, and TOTM did not cause mutations in the HGPRT assay in CHO cells with or without S-9 activation. There was no increase in unscheduled DNA synthesis in rat hepatocytes.

LD50 Guinea pig dermal > 20 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral > 3200 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral > 60 g/kg|LD50 Mouse ip > 3200 mg/kg bw|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for TRIS(2-ETHYLHEXYL) TRIMELLITATE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate's production and use as a plasticizer(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 6.7X10+7(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.5X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 3.8X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 4.2% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks(4) indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 6.7X10+7(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.5X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Hydrolysis may be an important environmental fate process based on estimated hydrolysis half-lives of 120 and 12 days at pH 7 and 8(2), respectively. According to a classification scheme(5), BCF values of <1 to 2.7 in carp(7) suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Utilizing the Japanese MITI test, 4.2% of the Theoretical BOD was reached in 4 weeks(6) indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 3.8X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 4 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 3.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 3.3X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant of 6.8X10-1 L/mole-sec(SRC) was estimated using a structure estimation method(2); this corresponds to half-lives of 120 and 12 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2). Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(3) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

14.79|BCF's of <1 and 2.7 were measured in fish for tris(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate at concentrations of 2 and 0.2 ppm, respectively, using carp (Cyprinus carpio) which were exposed over a 6-week period(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate can be estimated to be 6.7X10+7(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is expected to be immobile in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is estimated as 4.5X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 130 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 1400 days. Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may not occur(SRC). Tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a an estimated vapor pressure of 3.8X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is 1000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 1,023 workers (826 of these were female) were potentially exposed to tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate in the US(1). Occupational exposure to tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate is produced or used.

Workers were exposed to tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate in the atmosphere in a Japanese production site in their occupations of sampling, analysis, and drum filling operations at concentrations of 0.210 mg/cu m, 0.053, and 0.076 mg/cu m, respectively(1). The total daily intake of tris(2-ethylhexyl) trimellitate in a single worker with a body weight of 70 kg, and respiratory volume of 1.25 cu m/hour was 1.77X10-3 mg/kg/day(1).

The absorption and metabolism of TOTM have been studied in male rats treated by oral intubation with 100mg/kg in corn oil. Based on excretion of 75% of the dose in feces, 85% of which was unchanged, little TOTM is absorbed. Urinary excretion accounted for 16% of the dose with 1.9% exhaled as CO(2). The ester is hydrolyzed to 2-ethylhexonal (2EH) and mono-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (MEHT). The 2EH is further metabolized, and those metabolites are excreted along with MEHT in the urine. Less than 1.0% of the dose was retained in the animal after 144 hr.

The absorption and metabolism of TOTM have been studied in male rats treated by oral intubation with 100mg/kg in corn oil. ... The ester is hydrolyzed to 2-ethylhexonal and mono-(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (MEHT). The 2EH is further metabolized, and those metabolites are excreted along with MEHT in the urine. Less than 1.0% of the dose was retained in the animal after 144 hr.

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Two hundred and three human volunteers were tested for evidence of sensitization to several plasticizers following 3 weeks of dermal application three times a week. Tris(2-ethylhexyl)mellitate (TOTM; 1%, v/v), 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol-diisobutyrate (TXIB; 1%, v/v), di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate (DEHT; 0.5%, v/v) and diethylphthalate (DEP; 2%, v/v) were applied to the skin of volunteers under semi-occlusive patch for 3 consecutive weeks and the reactions to a challenge application noted following a 2-week rest period. Slight erythema was observed in four individuals exposed to TOTM, two of which resolved within 96 hr and one that occurred only after 96 hr. Slight erythema was noted in three subjects exposed to TXIB, one of which resolved by 96 h and one that occurred only after 96 hr. Two subjects had slight erythema to DEHT, one that resolved by 96 hr and one that occurred only after 96 hr. One reaction occurred with DEP at 96 hr after challenge. Of the positive responses, one subject reacted to all test substances. No subject had a response grade of 1.0 or greater. Because of the low response, the overall conclusion is that none of the plasticizers demonstrated evidence of sensitization or irritation.|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ This study presents the estrogenic potency of 21 food-packaging-associated compounds determined for the first time, using two transfected U2-OS (human osteoblasts devoid of endogenous estrogen receptors) estrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta cell lines. Six plasticizers and three antioxidants were slightly estrogenic in the ERalpha cells. The model compounds bisphenol A and nonylphenol, one plasticizer tris(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (TEHTM), and two antioxidants (propyl gallate and butylated hydroxyanisole) were estrogenic in both ERalpha and ERbeta cells. Compared to estradiol (E2), these compounds appeared to be relatively more estrogenic in the ERbeta cells than in the ERalpha cells. Three sorbitol-based plasticizers activated neither ERalpha nor ERbeta and may be good replacements of existing plasticizers. All responses were additive with the response of E2. This indicates that they may contribute to the total effects of the pool of estrogenic compounds humans are exposed to. The estrogenic potencies of these compounds, together with the suggested beneficial effect of ERbeta-mediated responses and adverse ERalpha-mediated effects, support the importance of detecting characteristics for ERalpha and ERbeta response separately in independent models, as done in the present study.

Kodaflex TOTM

ESSENTIALLY 100% AS A PLASTICIZER

All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-tris(2-ethylhexyl) ester: ACTIVE

Tris(2-ethylhexyl)trimellitate (TOTM) is used as an alternative plasticizer of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) medical devices. A method for the determination of TOTM released from PVC medical devices into intravenous preparations was developed, which uses liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A PVC tube was filled with an intravenous preparation and extraction was carried out by shaking for 1h at room temperature. LC was performed with an Inertsil-C8 (50 mm x 2.1 mm, 5 um) column. The isocratic mobile phase was acetonitrile:purified water (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. MS detection was accomplished with an MS/MS detector equipped with a turbo ionspray ionization source in the positive ion mode. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification for the standard solution of TOTM was 0.5 ng/ml (S/N=3) and 1.0 ng/mL (S/N > or =10), respectively. When Prograf (tacrolimus) was used, the average recovery of TOTM was 101.1% (R.S.D.=4.72%; n=3). When our method was applied to the determination of TOTM released from unsterilized and gamma-ray-sterilized PVC tubes, we found that a higher concentration of TOTM was released from the unsterilized PVC tube than from the gamma-ray-sterilized one.