Perthane

307.26

307.26

200-785-1

L0Q9DRK4W8

2761

DTXSID4020589

CRYSTALS FROM ETHANOL|Crystalline solid

2903999090

0

5.74700

Crystals when pure. Technical grade a light yellow waxy solid. (NTP, 1992)

1.117 g/cm3

56 °C

407.2ºC at 760 mmHg

>100 °C

1.56

In water, 0.1 mg/L @ 24 deg C

0-6°C

Oral-Rat LD50: 6600 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 6600 mg/kg

Combustion produces toxic chloride gas

Henry's Law constant = 1.7X10-4 atm cu-m/mol at 25 °C /Estimated/

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec @ 25 °C /Estimated/

Insoluble in water.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

P,P'-ETHYL DDD is sensitive to heat. This compound is incompatible with alkalis. It is readily dehydrochlorinated. It is slightly corrosive to iron, zinc, and aluminum. (NTP, 1992)

slightly corrosive to iron, zinc, and aluminum

III

6.1(b)

2761

2

50/53

60-61

KH5790000

N

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food materials

P273-P501

H410

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

DHEW/NCI; Bioassay of p,p'-Ethyl DDD for Possible Carcinogenicity (1979) Technical Rpt Series No. 156 DHEW Pub No. (NIH) 79-1712

Flash point data for this chemical are not available. It is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Warning|H400 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]|P273, P391, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 41 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 151 [Substances - Toxic (Non-combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material. Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material in a refrigerator away from alkalies. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)|Personnel protection: ... Wear appropriate chemical protective gloves, boots and goggles. .... /Organochlorine pesticide, liquid; Organochlorine pesticide, solid, toxic/

...Perthane undergoes decomposition with evolution of heat. Under certain circumstances, this property can lead to spontaneous combustion and probably has been the cause of warehouse fires.

If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Organochlorine pesticide, liquid/|If material on fire or involved in fire: Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire. (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. /Organochlorine pesticides, solid, toxic/

Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. /Organochlorine pesticide, solid, toxic/|Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water. Dike surface flow using solid, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. /Organochlorine pesticide, solid, toxic/|Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. /Organochlorine pesticide, liquid/|Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. Remove trapped material with suction hoses. /Organochlorine pesticide, liquid/|Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas should be sealed with an impermeable flexible membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using solid, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. /Organochlorine pesticide, liquid/

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. ...Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing. /Organochlorine pesticides, solid, toxic/|Personnel protection: Void breathing vapors. Keep upwind. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material. /Organochlorine pesticide, liquid/|If material not of fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. /Organochlorine pesticides, solid, toxic/|If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Use water spray to knock-down vapors. /Organochlorine pesticide, liquid/

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

OF MODERATE PERSISTENCE IN SOIL.|Forty-six surface soil samples were collected from five west Alabama counties (sampling dates not reported)(1); perthane was detected in two samples, one at a concn of >0.1 pm and the other <0.1 pm (detection limits not reported)(1).

practically nontoxic

LD50 Mouse oral 9,340 mg/kg|LD50 Rat iv 73 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse iv 173 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral 8,170 mg/kg

A bioassay of p,p'-ethyl-DDD for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by admin the test chemical in feed to F344 rats and B6C3Fl mice. Groups of 50 rats of each sex were admin p,p'-ethyl-DDD at one of two doses, either 3,500 or 7,000 ppm, for 105 wk. Matched controls consisted of 20 untreated rats of each sex. All surviving rats were /sacrificed/ at the end of admin of the test chemical. Groups of 50 male mice were admin p,p'-ethyl-DDD at one of two doses, either 2,500 or 5,000 ppm, for 105 wk. Groups of 50 female mice were admin the test chemical at one of two doses, initially either 5,000 or 10,000 ppm. Because of excessive lowered body weights in the dosed groups of females, the doses for the females were reduced after 48 wk to 1,000 and 3,000 ppm, respectively, and admin at the lowered doses was continued for 57 wk. The time-weighted average doses for the female mice were 2,828 and 6,200 ppm. Matched controls consisted of 20 untreated mice of each sex. All surviving mice were /sacrificed/ at the end of admin of the test chemical. ... It is concluded that under the conditions of this bioassay, p,p'-ethyl-DDD was not carcinogenic for male or female F344 rats or male B6C3Fl mice. However, the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinomas and adenomas in female mice was suggestive of a carcinogenic effect. ... Levels of Evidence of Carcinogenicity: Male Rats: Negative; Female Rats: Negative; Male Mice: Negative; Female Mice: Equivocal.

Perthane's former(1) production and use as an insecticide(2) may have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.5X10+4(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 0.1 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that perthane is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC). Volatilization of perthane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Perthane is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.0X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(5). However, adsorption to soil is expected to attenuate volatilization(SRC). Although perthane is reported to be biodegradable(6), insufficient data are available to predict the relative importance or rate of biodegradation in soil(SRC). Perthane is reported to have moderate persistence in soil(7).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1.5X10+4(SRC), determined from a water solubility of 0.1 mg/L(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that perthane is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 1.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). Estimated volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 7.8 hours and 9.7 days, respectively(3). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 120 years if adsorption is considered(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 2,300(SRC), from its water solubility(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high(SRC). Perthane is not expected to undergo rapid hydrolysis in the environment as the hydrolysis half-lives of analogous DDT is 12 years and 81 days at pH 3-5(7) and 9(8), respectively. Although perthane is reported to be biodegradable(9), insufficient data are available to predict the relative importance or rate of biodegradation in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), perthane, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 4.0X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase perthane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 1.1 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.50X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3) Particulate-phase perthane may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Perthane (in hexane solution) does not absorb UV light above 290 nm(4); therefore, perthane is not expected to undergo direct photolysis in the environment(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of perthane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.5X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 1.1 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Perthane is not expected to undergo rapid hydrolysis in the environment; the hydrolysis half-lives of analogous DDT under acidic conditions is 12 years at 27 °C and pH 3-5(2), and 81 days at pH 9(3). Perthane (in hexane solution) does not absorb UV light above 290 nm(4); therefore, perthane is not expected to undergo direct photolysis in the environment(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 2,300 was calculated for perthane(SRC), using a water solubility of 0.1 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is very high(SRC).

The Koc of perthane is estimated as 1.5X10+4(SRC), using a water solubility of 0.1 mg/L(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that perthane is expected to be immobile in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for perthane is estimated as 1.7X10-4 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that perthane is expected to volatilize from water surfaces(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 7.8 hours(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 9.7 days(SRC). However, volatilization from water surfaces is expected to be attenuated by adsorption to suspended solids and sediment in the water column. The estimated volatilization half-life from a model pond is 120 years if adsorption is considered(3). Perthane's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). Perthane is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 4.0X10-6 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4).

GROUND WATER: Perthane was not detected (detection limit of 5.0 ppb) in ground water samples collected from 54 wells used for municipal and private water supplies in California(1).

Perthane is one of many pesticides that has been detected in American foods by the US Food and Drug Admin's regulatory monitoring of domestic foods for fiscal years 1983-1986(1) and 1978-1982(2); frequencies of occurrence and concns were not reported(1,2). In a US monitoring survey of 6970 produce samples (fruits and vegetables) collected between 1989 and 1991, perthane was not detected (detection limit of 5 pm) in any samples(3). During a 5-yr study conducted during 1981-1986, the Los Angeles District Office of the FDA analyzed 19,851 samples of domestic and imported food for pesticide residues(4,5); perthane was detected in 2 samples at concns ranging of 1.0 and 2.0 pm(4,5). Monitoring results of US FDA's Total Diet Studies for adults (food composites were collected from 27 cities during Oct 1980 and Mar 1982) detected perthane in one fruit food composite at a concn of 0.024 pm(6).

NIOSH (NOHS Survey 1974) had statistically estimated that 10,159 workers were potentially exposed to perthane in the US(1). Occupational exposure and general population exposure may be low or non-existent since perthane is no longer produced or used. In the past, perthane was applied directly to fruit as a spray and exposure to this compound was primarily by inhalation, ingestion of food, and dermal contact. The average perthane exposure to workers spray applying the pesticide to fruit orchards has been reported as 59.4 mg/hr for dermal exposure and 0.14 mg/hr for respiratory exposure(2).

Blood samples were collected from 142 pregnant women in the Jacksonville, MS and Mississippi Delta areas from Mar 1973 to Jan 1974(1); perthane was detected in 117 samples with a mean concn of 0.99 ppb and a max concn of 5 ppb(1).

2. 2= SLIGHTLY TOXIC: PROBABLE ORAL LETHAL DOSE (HUMAN) 5-15 G/KG, BETWEEN 1 PINT & 1 QT FOR 70 KG PERSON (150 LB).

In varying degrees, organochlorines are absorbed from the gut and also by the lung and across the skin. /Soild Organochlorines/|...Collected bile from 2 rats dosed iv with radioactive perthane and recovered in 8-hr period 25 and 55%, respectively, of (14)C. When bile samples were combined and given orally to third rat, about 70% of (14)C...in feces and 13% in urine over 3-day period. ... Relatively rapid excretion of metabolites ... compared to parent compound.|Male weanling rats were fed ad libitum until 250 days of age 1 of 3 nutritionally adequate diets with or without addition of 2.80 ppm of mixture composed of DDT, TDE, DDE, lindane, dieldrin and perthane. Between 251 and 300 days of age 1/2 of rats in each group were restricted to 50% of ad libitum food intake. Deposition and mobilization during weight reduction varied with diet and tissue examined.|... Feeding tests in rats with radioactive perthane indicate little tendency for the material to deposit in body fat.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for PERTHANE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include diarrhea; vomiting; nausea; skin rash; and rarely, marked thrombocytopenia and leucopenia. Other symptoms may include depression of function of the adrenal cortex, tremors, and convulsions. Ingestion of a closely related compound causes severe vomiting; weakness; numbness of the extremities; marked apprehension and excitement; diarrhea; twitching of the eyelids; and muscular tremors, first of the head and neck and then more distally, involving the extremities in severe clonic convulsions. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound can be absorbed through the skin. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of chloride ion. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Oils should not be used as either cathartics or dermal cleansing agents, as they increase absorption. Gastric lavage and use of activated charcoal and sodium sulfate are indicated for ingestion. If dermal exposed occurred, contaminated clothes should be removed, and the skin should be thoroughly cleansed with soap and water. Management of seizures in both children and adults is with Valium or phenobarbital. Respiratory depression and even respiratory arrest, especially with concomitant use of Valium and phenobarbital in children, may occur. These drugs preferably should be used only in critical care areas where emergency endotracheal intubation can be performed. /It is recommended/ that epinephrine not be utilized in patients with organochlorine poisoning, as the organochlorines induce myocardial irritability and ventricular arrhythmias may occur. However, dopamine may be necessary in the event of hypotension unresponsive to fluid administration, and epinephrine may be necessary in the event of cardiopulmonary arrest. ... /Organochlorine insecticides/|Persons exceptionally exposed to organochlorine pesticides by any route should be observed for sensory disturbances, incoordination, speech slurring, mental aberrations, and involuntary motor activity that would warn of imminent convulsions. If convulsions occur, place the victim in the left lateral decubitus position with the head down. Move away furniture or other solid objects that may be a source of injury. If jaw movements are violent, place padded tongue blades between the teeth to protect the tongue. Whenever possible, remove dentures and other removable dental work. Aspirate oral and pharyngeal secretions, and, when possible, insert an oropharyngeal airway to maintain an open passage unobstructed by the tongue. Minimize noise and any manipulation of the patient that may trigger seizure activity. Administer oxygen by mask. Maintain pulmonary gas exchange by mechanically assisted ventilation whenever respiration is depressed. /Solid organochlorine insecticides/|In patients who have been poisoned by organochlorine contamination of skin, clothing, hair and/or eyes, decontamination must proceed concurrently with whatever resuscitative and anticonvulsive measures are necessary to preserve life. Contamination of the eyes should be removed by flushing with copious amounts of clean water. If the pesticide-exposed person remains alert and physically able, a prompt shower and shampoo may be appropriate, provided the patient is carefully observed to insure against sudden appearance of poisoning. If there are any indications of weakness, ataxia, or other neurologic impairment, clothing should be removed and a complete bath and shampoo given while the victim is recumbent, using copious amounts of soap and water. Attendants should wear rubber gloves. Surgical green soap is excellent for this purpose, but ordinary soap is about as good. The possibility of pesticide sequestered under fingernails or in skin folds should not be overlooked. Contaminated clothing should be promptly bagged and not returned until it has been thoroughly laundered. Contaminated leather shoes should be discarded. The possibility that pesticide has contaminated the inside surfaces of gloves, boots, and headgear should be considered. /Solid organochlorine insecticides/|If organochlorine has been ingested in a quantity sufficient to cause poisoning, the stomach and intestine must be emptied, and measures taken to limit toxicant absorption. Because seizure activity may develop rapidly, lavage, with a large bore orogastric tube and with rigorous protection of the airway, is probably preferable. If the victim is convulsing, it is almost always necessary first to control seizures before attempting gastric intubation. The effectiveness of lavage in removing pesticide from the stomach diminishes rapidly with the passage of time. Particularly in poisoning by large doses of organochlorine, monitor pulmonary ventilation carefully to forestall respiratory failure. Assist pulmonary ventilation mechanically with oxygen whenever respiration is depressed. /Solid organochlorine insecticides/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for PERTHANE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptomatology (usually 2-3 hr after ingestion): Very large doses... are followed... by vomiting, due to local gastric irritation. Delayed emesis and/or diarrhea may occur... Numbness and paresthesias... of lips, tongue and face. Malaise, headache, sore throat, fatigue, weakness. Coarse tremors (usually first of the neck and head and particularly of the eyelids), apprehension, ataxia and confusion. Symptomatology (...ingestion): Convulsions... may alternate with... coma and paresis. In the absence of convulsions, the vital signs are essentially normal, but in severe poisoning the pulse may be irregular and abnormally slow. ... Death is usually due to respiratory failure from medullary paralysis. /DDT/|/EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES/ A cohort mortality study among 5886 chemical manufacturing workers was completed in 1987 and showed an increased mortality due to pancreatic cancer. ... A nested case control study of pancreatic cancer among these chemical manufacturing workers to identify risk factors for this disease /was conducted/. Twenty-eight verified cases of pancreatic cancer and 112 matched controls were studied. Next of kin of each subject were interviewed to determine lifestyle factors, including tobacco, alcohol, and coffee consumption. Written work records and interviews were used to determine chemical exposures at the plant under study. DDT was associated with pancreatic cancer (risk ratio for ever exposed compared with never exposed = 4.8; with a 95% confidence interval = 1.3-17.6). Among subjects who had a mean exposure to DDT of 47 mo, the risk was 7.4 times that among subjects with no exposure. Two DDT derivatives, Ethylan and DDD were additionally associated with pancreatic cancer (risk ratio = 5.0 and 4.3, respectively); exposures to these two chemicals were correlated, and it was not possible to determine whether each acted independently of the other. Smoking was identified as an independent risk factor, but controlling for smoking (and other potential confounders) in the analyses did not appreciably alter the risks seen for DDT, DDD, or ethylan. Exposure to DDT was associated with pancreatic cancer. The association was not explained by lifestyle factors or other chemicals, and risk incr with both duration of exposure and latency since first exposure. These results may indicate that DDT can cause pancreatic cancer in humans under circumstances of heavy and prolonged exposure.|/EPIDEMIOLOGY STUDIES/ ... A statistically significant increased risk /of pancreatic cancer/ was found for self-reported exposure to ethylan (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-methoxyphenyl) ethane). Increased odds ratios were observed for self-reported exposures to chloropropylate and DDT, as well as for the summary group of organochlorine pesticides which included all of these materials, though these associations were not significant.|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ Ethylan was administered to 9 men with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate and to 5 women with metastatic carcinoma of the breast because there were earlier reports of favorable effect. ...Dosage varied from 50 mg/kg/day to 150 mg/kg/day, the latter for a total of 189,000 mg within 21 days. The most intensive treatment was 200 to 300 mg/kg/day for a total of 96,000 mg in 6 days. The smallest dose produced diarrhea, vomiting, and especially nausea in some patients and required cessation of treatment in some. ...Marked thrombocytopenia and leucopenia were noted in 1 patient just after 14 day course. ...No distinct benefit but nausea, vomiting, and skin rash were seen in four other patients with carcinoma who received Ethylan at dosages of 1,800 to 8,000 mg/man/day for period of 4 to 54 days.

1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-ethylphenyl)ethane

Essentially 100% as an insecticide for vegetables

Perthane EC, 45% emulsion concentrate; perthane 75% soln.|Supplied as wettable powder or emulsifiable concentrate.

Among agricultural insects, DDT-resistant cabbageworms (Pieris rapae) are cross-resistant to Perthane but not to cyclodienes... /Former use/|... Non-systemic insecticide with a useful specificity. ... Recommended for control of pear psylla, against leaf-hoppers and various larvae on vegetable crops at 1-16 kg ai/ha. It is used domestically for control of clothes moth & carpet beetles. /Former use/|Foliar sprays of ethylan controlled nilaparvata lugens, whereas other insecticides studied caused resurgence.|...Non-phytotoxic...|For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for PERTHANE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

PRODUCT ANALYSIS IS BY TOTAL CHLORINE USING THE PARR BOMB (FA GUNTHER & RC BLINN, ANALYSIS OF INSECTICIDES & ACARICIDES, 1955 P370).|PERTHANE RESIDUES DETERMINED IN PRESENCE OF DDT & DDD IN LEAFY VEGETABLE BY TREATING THE MIXT WITH ALKALI TO FORM OLEFINS, WHICH ARE THEN SEPARATED & DETERMINED BY ELECTRON CAPTURE GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY.|RESIDUES MAY BE DETERMINED BY EXTRACTION WITH CHLOROFORM, DEHYDROCHLORINATION, REACTION WITH SULFURIC ACID & COLORIMETRY @ 493 NM (JRW MILES, J AGRIC FOOD CHEM, 1957, 5, 249).|Method: EPA-OSW 8081B, Organochlorine Pesticides by GC-ECD; Analyte: perthane; Matrix: extracts from solid and liquid matrices; Method Detection Limit: not provided.|For more Analytic Laboratory Methods (Complete) data for PERTHANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

INSECTICIDES