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Diphosgene

Diphosgene structure

CAS No:
503-38-8
Formula:
C2Cl4O2
Chemical Name:
Diphosgene
Synonyms:
Carbonochloridic acid,trichloromethyl ester;Formic acid,chloro-,trichloromethyl ester;Methanol,trichloro-,chloroformate;Diphosgene;Trichloromethyl chloroformate;Diphosgen;Trichloromethyl chlorocarbonate;Trichloromethyl carbonochloridate;Chloroformic acid trichloromethyl ester
Categories:
Chemical Reagents > Organic Reagents

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Description

clear colorless liquid

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Diphosgene Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

197.82

Exact Mass：

197.83

EC Number：

207-965-9

UNII：

PO4Q4R80LV

ICSC Number：

1630

Color/Form：

COLORLESS LIQUID

HScode：

2915900090

Characteristics

PSA：

26.3

XLogP3：

1.49

Appearance：

COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.

Density：

1.6525 g/cm³ @ Temp: 14 °C

Melting Point：

-57 °C

Boiling Point：

128 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

Flash Point：

32.2±24.9 °C

Refractive Index：

1.499

Water Solubility：

H2O: may decompose

Storage Conditions：

THESE CMPD DECOMPOSE EASILY, STORAGE CONTAINERS SHOULD BE VENTED. /CHLOROFORMATES/

Vapor Pressure：

Vapour pressure, kPa at 20°C: 1.3

Vapor Density：

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 6.83

Toxicity：

LC100 in rabbits (10-20 minutes exposure to vapor): 0.9 mg/l air (Klika, Mysliveckova)

Odor：

ODOR SIMILAR TO PHOSGENE (NEWMOWN HAY)

Experimental Properties：

DECOMP BY HEAT, POROUS SUBSTANCES, ACTIVATED CARBONS (WITH EVOLUTION OF PHOSGENE), ALSO BY ALKALIES, HOT WATER; NON-COMBUSTIBLE|CONVERSION FACTOR: 1 PPM= 8.08 MG/CU M|Hydrolyze in water /Chloroformates/

Physical Dangers：

The vapour is heavier than air.

Safety Information

Packing level：

Hazard category：

6.1

Transport codes：

UN 3277 6.1/PG 2

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

R26/27/28;R34

safety instructions：

S26-S28-S36/37/39-S45-S28A

RTECS Number：

LQ7350000

Marks：

T+:Verytoxic;

Storage features：

Dry. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P260-P264-P280-P284-P301 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338

Hazard Statements：

H300 + H330-H314

Hazardous Reactivities：

WILL REACT WITH WATER OR STEAM TO PRODUCE TOXIC & CORROSIVE FUMES.

Fire Hazards：

Not combustible.

Fire Fighting：

In case of fire in the surroundings, use appropriate extinguishing media.

Personal Protective Equipment：

AIR-SUPPLIED RESPIRATORS ... SHOULD BE PROVIDED.

Cleanup Methods：

TO DECONTAMINATE IN ENCLOSED SPACES, USE AMMONIA OR STEAM.

Preventive Measures：

ALL MATERIALS SHOULD BE HANDLED SO AS TO PREVENT ALL CONTACT. ... EYEWASH FOUNTAINS SHOULD BE PROVIDED. ALSO, SPECIAL ATTENTION SHOULD BE GIVEN TO EYE & RESPIRATORY TRACT MEDICAL EXAMINATIONS. /CHLOROFORMATES/

DOT Emergency Guidelines：

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for DIPHOSGENE (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Spillage Disposal：

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Safe Storage：

Dry. Well closed. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

Inhalation Risk：

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

Effects of Short Term Exposure：

The substance is irritating to the respiratory tract, skin and eyes. Lachrymation. Inhalation may cause lung oedema.

Exposure Prevention：

STRICT HYGIENE!

Inhalation Prevention：

Use breathing protection. Use closed system or ventilation.

Skin Prevention：

Protective gloves.

Eye Prevention：

Wear safety goggles.

Toxicity

Human Exposure：

NO EFFECTS ON GENERAL HEALTH NOR IN LABORATORY FINDINGS (BLOOD STUDIES & LIVER FUNCTION TESTS) OF PERSONS MANUFACTURING CHLOROFORMATES WERE NOTED. /CHLOROFORMATES/

Drug Information

Impurities：

Carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, phosgene, and alkyl chlorides; main impurities are corresponding carbonates /Chloroformic esters/

First Aid：

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. Refer for medical attention.

Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Human Toxicity Excerpts：

EYE IRRITATION, IRRITATION OF UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT, & SURFACE BURNS HAVE BEEN PRINCIPAL FINDINGS IN EXPOSED HUMANS. PULMONARY EDEMA WOULD UNDOUBTEDLY OCCUR WITH HIGHER LEVELS OF EXPOSURE. EYE IRRITATION MAY PERSIST SOME TIME AFTER EXPOSURE CEASES. SKIN SENSITIZATION MAY OCCUR. /CHLOROFORMATES/|INSIDIOUS POISON AS IT IS NOT IRRITATING IMMEDIATELY, EVEN WHEN FATAL CONCN ARE INHALED. MAY CAUSE SEVERE PULMONARY EDEMA (MAY BE QUICKLY FATAL) OR PNEUMONIA. INHALATION OF HIGH CONCN CAUSES CHOKING, CONSTRICTED FEELING IN CHEST, COUGHING, PAINFUL BREATHING, BLOODY SPUTUM. VAPORS STRONGLY IRRITATING TO THE EYES. /PHOSGENE/|HIGHLY TOXIC BY INHALATION & INGESTION. STRONG IRRITANT TO TISSUE.

MeSH Entry Terms：

diphosgene

Exposure Routes：

The substance can be absorbed into the body in hazardous amounts by inhalation.

Symptoms：

Burning sensation. Chest tightness. Sore throat. Cough. Laboured breathing. Shortness of breath. Symptoms may be delayed.

Redness.

Watering of the eyes. Redness.

Diphosgene Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

Prepared by photochlorination of methyl formate: W Hentschel, J Prakt Chem 36: 209 (1887); F Grignard et al, CR Acad Sci 169: 1074 (1919); eidem, ibid 1143; by photochlorination of methyl chloroformate: A Kling et al, ibid 1046; K Kurita, Y Iwakura, Org Syn 59: 195 (1980).

Uses

In organic synthesis; as war gas.

Formulations：

GRADE: TECHNICAL.|99% purity|Typical specifications of commercial chloroformates: purity, 98%; phosgene, <0.1%, iron, <10 ppm; acidity as HCl, <0.1%; alcohol or phenol, <2% /Chloroformic esters/|Commercial products have concentrations of 97-99 wt% /Chloroformic esters/

Manufacturing Info：

Carbonochloridic acid, trichloromethyl ester: ACTIVE|Most chloroformate production is used captively and production figures are not available /Chloroformic esters/|On a laboratory scale, trichloromethyl chloroformate (diphosgene) ... can be used as substitute for phosgene to synthesize isocyanates from amines

Analytic Methods：

The quantitative analysis of chloroformic esters can be carried out by titration, gas chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) /Chloroformic esters/

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:197.8
XLogP3:3.1
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:2
Rotatable Bond Count:1
Exact Mass:197.862290
Monoisotopic Mass:195.865240
Topological Polar Surface Area:26.3
Heavy Atom Count:8
Complexity:94.7
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

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