N-Bromosuccinimide

177.98

177.98

113916

204-877-2

K8G1F2UCJF

16

DTXSID2038738

Orthorhombic bisphenoidal crystals|Crystals from benzene|Solid at 20 °C and 1031 hPa; powder

29251995

37.4

-0.1

White to light yellow Crystalline Powder

2.098 g/cu cm at 25 deg C

174 °C

338.9 deg C at 101.325 kPa

87.7±22.6 °C

1.6060 (estimate)

soluble in acetone, tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and acetonitrile. Slightly soluble in water and acetic acid. Insoluble in ether, hexane and carbon tetrachloride.

0-6°C

14.8 hPa (20 °C)

Abdominal cavity-mouse LDL0: 256 mg/kg

Irritating to human eyes, skin and mucous membranes; thermal decomposition decomposes toxic nitrogen oxides and bromide fumes

Faint odor of bromine

Henry's Law constant = 3.87X10-7 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.85X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

III

8

UN 3261 8/PG 2

3

22-34-36/37/38

26-36/37/39-45-37/39

C,Xn

Storehouse ventilated and dried at low temperature; Separated from aniline; dialkyl sulfur; hydrazine hydrate, peroxide, propionitrile

Harmful

Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, halogenated hydrocarbons.

P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P310

H302-H314

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.|Product: Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Violent reaction with dibenzoyl peroxide + 4-toluic acid.|Explosive reaction with propiononitrile after heating to 105 °C for 24 hr.|Reacts explosively with aniline, diallyl sulfide, and hydrazine hydrate.|Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents, Strong acids, Strong bases, Iron and iron salts.

|Danger|H272 (27.67%): May intensify fire; oxidizer [Danger Oxidizing liquids; Oxidizing solids]|P210, P220, P221, P234, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P370+P378, P390, P391, P403+P233, P404, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 159 companies from 22 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P321, P330, P363, P405, and P501

Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Skin protection: Handle with gloves.|Body Protection: Complete suit protecting against chemicals. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Respiratory protection Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face particle respirator type N100 (US) or type P3 (EN 143) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).|Use a repirator when handling dry material, which evolves toxic fumes of bromine.

Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.|Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

Carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides (NOx), Hydrogen bromide gas

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES; Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Do not let product enter drains. Pick up and arrange disposal without creating dust. Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES; Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Avoid breathing dust. Do not let product enter drains.|Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.|Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and at the end of workday.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for N-Bromosuccinimide (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

N-bromosuccinimide is classified as irritating to skin: Causes skin irritation. Red skin on arms.|Highly irritating to eyes, skin, mucous membranes.|Strong irritant to eyes and skin.|An irritating poison to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.

highly

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: N-Bromosuccinimide is a versatile brominating agent. It is a known protein reagent able to modify amino acids and proteins, resulting in oxidation of tryptophan, tyrosine and histidine residues, as well as sulfhydryl, alcohol and phenol groups. These properties make it a suitable reagent to selectively block certain amino acid residues in biochemistry, and also permit the histochemical detection of proteins by oxidative deamination followed by the Schiff reaction. HUMAN STUDIES: N-bromosuccinimide causes skin irritation (red skin on arms). ANIMAL STUDIES: N-bromosuccinimide was sensitizing in mice treated with concentrations of 2.5, 5 or 10% w/w on three consecutive days, by open application on the ears. N-bromosuccinimide was tested in a mouse lymphoma L5178Y TK+/- assay with and without metabolic activation at a concentration range of 20 to 210 ug/mL. The results without metabolic activation were equivocal and those with metabolic activation were negative.

N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS) is a known protein reagent able to modify amino acids and proteins, resulting in oxidation of tryptophan, tyrosine and histidine residues, as well as sulfhydryl, alcohol and phenol groups. These properties make NBS a suitable reagent to selectively block certain amino acid residues in biochemistry, and also permit the histochemical detection of proteins by oxidative deamination followed by the Schiff reaction. In this paper we show that, under ultraviolet excitation, NBS selectively reveals the cytoplasmic granules of mammalian eosinophils and chicken heterophils, rendering considerable white--blue fluorescence, in a remarkable fluorogenic reaction which rapidly increases at the beginning of the observation. This emission slightly decays afterwards and then remains almost stable still yielding a high level of emission after 10 min of continuous excitation. Possible mechanisms underlying these results are discussed and we propose NBS as a very suitable fluorogenic reagent for the microscopical detection and analysis of proteins.

LD50 Rat oral >2000 mg/kg bw

N-Bromosuccinimide's production and use as a chemical reagent(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that N-bromosuccinimide is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of N-bromosuccinimide from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.9X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). N-bromosuccinimide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 6.9X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2). A 93% biodegradation using activated sludge in the OECD Die Away Test(4) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 3(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that N-bromosuccinimide is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 3.9X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of -1.19(2) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A 93% biodegradation using activated sludge in the OECD Die Away Test(6) suggests that biodegradation is an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), N-bromosuccinimide, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 6.9X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase N-bromosuccinimide is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 0.9 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 1.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase N-bromosuccinimide may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). N-Bromosuccinimide contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of N-bromosuccinimide with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.9X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 0.9 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). N-Bromosuccinimide is expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the presence of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). N-Bromosuccinimide contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and, therefore, may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for N-bromosuccinimide(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of -1.19(1) and a regression-derived equation(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of N-bromosuccinimide can be estimated to be 3(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that N-bromosuccinimide is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for N-bromosuccinimide is estimated as 3.9X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that N-bromosuccinimide is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water and moist soil surfaces(2). N-Bromosuccinimide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 6.9X10-9 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

Occupational exposure to N-bromosuccinimide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where N-bromosuccinimide is produced or used. Use data suggest that the general population is not likely to be exposed to N-bromosuccinimide. (SRC)

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ N-bromosuccinimide is classified as irritating to skin: Causes skin irritation. Red skin on arms.

Bromosuccinimide

2,5-Pyrrolidinedione, 1-bromo-: ACTIVE

A rapid, simple and sensitive validated visible spectrophotometric method has been described for the assay of verapamil hydrochloride either in pure form or in pharmaceutical formulations. The method involves the oxidation of the verapamil hydrochloride with N-bromosuccinimide in perchloric acid medium at room temperature, leading to the formation of a yellow colored product, which absorbs maximally at 415 nm. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the color is stable up to 45 min and Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 10.0-200.0 ug/mL with molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of 2.55 x 10(3) L/mol cm and 0.192 ug/sq cm per 0.001 absorbance unit, respectively. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of the drug in commercial dosage forms. Statistical comparison of the results with those of a reference method by means of point and interval hypothesis shows excellent agreement and indicates no significant difference in accuracy and precision. Results of analyses were optimized and validated statistically and through recovery studies. The experimental true bias of all samples is smaller than +/-2%.|A simple, sensitive, and selective method for determination of acetaminophen based on its oxidation using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) to produce a highly fluorescent product. Optimization of reaction variables was carried out concerning NBS concentration, pH, temperature, reaction time, and stability time. Under optimal analytical conditions, the fluorescent intensity was measured at lambda emission. 442 nm (excitation at lambda 330 nm). The linearity range is 120-800 ng/mL with lower detection limit of 33.6 ng/mL acetaminophen. The method was applied successfully to the determination of the compound in pharmaceutical preparations, with average recovery of 100.3 +/- 2%. The method was also applied successfully to the determination of the drug in spiked plasma samples, with an average recovery of 101.2 +/- 1%. Interference effects of some compounds, present in combination with acetaminophen, were studied and the tolerance limits of these compounds were determined.