Calcium phosphide

182.18

183.85100

215-142-0

IQZ9FY9THC

1126

1360

DTXSID0058271

Red-brown crystalline powder or gray lumps|Hygroscopic crystals

46.94000

1.18700

granular

2.51 g/cm³

1600 °C (approx)

Decomposes

decomposes in H2O to form flammable phosphine ; insoluble alcohol, ether

KEEP DRY AND TIGHTLY CLOSED.

Toxic phosphine hydrogen is flammable when exposed to water, moist air and acid; thermal decomposition emits toxic phosphorus oxide fumes

Musty, like acetylene

Decomposed by moist air or water, evolving spontaneously-flammable phosphine.

Decomposed by water or moist air evolving toxic phosphine gas which often ignites [Van Schwartz 1918 p.327]. Calcium phosphide reacts vigorously with water to generate gaseous PH3. Based on a scenario where the chemical is spilled into an excess of water (at least 5 fold excess of water), half of the maximum theoretical yield of Phosphine gas will be created in 15 minutes. Experimental details are in the following: "Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Distances for the 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook", ANL/DIS-09-2, D.F. Brown, H.M. Hartmann, W.A. Freeman, and W.D. Haney, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, June 2009.

Nitrides, Phosphides, Carbides, and Silicides

Strong Reducing Agent

CALCIUM PHOSPHIDE and hydrochloric acid undergo a very energetic reaction [Mellor 8:841 1946-47]. Calcium and other alkaline earth phosphides incandesce in oxygen when heated.

I

4.3

UN 1360 4.3/PG 1

3

15/29-28-50

22-43-45-61-36/37-28

F,T+,N

Storehouse ventilated at low temperature and dry; moisture-proof; stored separately from oxidants, halogens, strong acids, food materials

It can be explosive when mixed with chlorine and oxygen

Stable if dry.

P223-P231 + P232-P264-P273-P370 + P378-P422

H260-H300-H400

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. (Extra personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.)

Reacts with chlorine, chlorine monoxide, evolving phosphine.|VIOLENT REACTION WITH CL2, CLO ... O2, S, WATER.|Mixtures of chlorine and calcium phosphide react readily at about 100 °C.|Calcium phosphide causes chlorine monoxide to explode ...|For more Hazardous Reactivities and Incompatibilities (Complete) data for CALCIUM PHOSPHIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Behavior in Fire: Can cause spontaneous ignition if wet. Contributes dense smoke of phosphoric acid. (USCG, 1999)|Not combustible but forms flammable gas on contact with water or damp air.|Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 2nd degree

|Danger|H260: In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]|P223, P231+P232, P260, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P320, P321, P322, P330, P335+P334, P361, P363, P370+P378, P391, P402+P404, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H260 (100%): In contact with water releases flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously [Danger Substances and mixtures which in contact with water, emit flammable gases]|P223, P231+P232, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P310, P321, P330, P335+P334, P370+P378, P391, P402+P404, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 42 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P223, P231+P232, P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P335+P334, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P402+P404, P403+P233, P405, and P501|P223, P231+P232, P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P321, P335+P334, P363, P370+P378, P402+P404, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 139 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable and Toxic Gases)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1360 datasheet. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 139 [Substances - Water-Reactive (Emitting Flammable and Toxic Gases)]: Fully encapsulating, vapor-protective clothing should be worn for spills and leaks with no fire. ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. FOR CHLOROSILANES, use AFFF alcohol-resistant medium-expansion foam to reduce vapors. SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Dike for later disposal; do not apply water unless directed to do so. POWDER SPILL: Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading and keep powder dry. DO NOT CLEAN-UP OR DISPOSE OF, EXCEPT UNDER SUPERVISION OF A SPECIALIST. (ERG, 2016)

Dust respirator; protective gloves and clothing; goggles. (USCG, 1999)|Prevention. Inhalation: Local exhaust or breathing protection. Skin: Local exhaust or breathing protection.Eyes: Safety goggles, or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

DANGEROUS FIRE HAZARD BY CHEMICAL REACTION ... THEY REACT WITH WATER, STEAM, ACID, OR ACID FUMES TO PRODUCE TOXIC AND FLAMMABLE PHOSPHINE GAS. /PHOSPHIDES/|DECOMP BY MOIST AIR OR WATER, EVOLVING SPONTANEOUSLY-FLAMMABLE PHOSPHINE.

Extinguish adjacent fires with dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Fire extinguishing agents not to be used: water, foam.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not use water. Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide.

The reaction /of calcium phosphide and water/ forms phosphine which is a spontaneously flammable gas (in moist air).

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Sweep spilled substance into containers. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. (Extra personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus.)

Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning material. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. ... Do not handle broken packages unless wearing appropriate personal protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. ... If contact with the material anticipated, wear appropriate chemical protective clothing.|If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Do not use water. Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Keep material dry.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.|Table of Water-Reactive Materials Which Produce Toxic Gases. Calcium phosphide|/GUIDE 139: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE (Emitting Flammable and Toxic Gases)/ Fire or Explosion: Produce flammable and toxic gases on contact with water. May ignite on contact with water or moist air. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Some are transported in highly flammable liquids. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard.|/GUIDE 139: SUBSTANCES - WATER-REACTIVE (Emitting Flammable and Toxic Gases)/ Health: Highly toxic: contact with water produces toxic gas, may be fatal if inhaled. Inhalation or contact with vapors, substance or decomposition products may cause severe injury or death. May produce corrosive solutions on contact with water. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CALCIUM PHOSPHIDE (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, the skin and the respiratory tract.

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: complete protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. Carefully collect remainder. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Cool. Dry. Keep in a well-ventilated room.

A harmful concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed, especially if powdered.

The substance is irritating to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Inhalation of decomposition products may cause lung oedema. The substance may cause effects on the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system. This may result in impaired functions and respiratory failure. Exposure could cause death.

NO contact with water, oxidizing agents or acids.

AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective clothing. Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

most toxic

Decomposed by moist air or water, evolving spontaneously-flammable phosphine.

Decomposed by moist air or water, evolving spontaneously-flammable phosphine.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

Metal phosphides are hydrolyzed to phosphine and the corresponding metal cation. In rats, phosphine that is not excreted in the expired air is oxidized and appears in the urine, chiefly as hypophosphite and phosphite. ...An unidentified metabolite, detectable by paper chromatography and distinct from pyrophosphate and metaphosphate /was also reported/. The fact that (a) phosphine is incompletely oxidized; and (b) the proportion of an administered dose that is eliminated as expired phosphine increases with the dose suggests that the oxidative pathway is slow. /Metal phosphides/

Inhalation or ingestion causes faintness, weakness, nausea, vomiting. External contact with dust causes irritation of eyes and skin. (USCG, 1999)

INHALATION: remove to fresh air; call a physician and alert to possibility of phosphine poisoning. EYES or SKIN: flush with water. INGESTION: give large amounts of water; call physician and alert to possibility of phosphine poisoning. (USCG, 1999)

Refer for medical attention. Half-upright position. Artificial respiration may be needed. No mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . /Phosphine and Related Compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Phosphine and Related Compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Inhalation of phosphine liberated from calcium phosphide may cause lung edema. The substance may cause effects on the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, liver, kidneys and cardiovascular system, resulting in impaired functions and respiratory failure. Exposure may result in death. ...The symptoms of lung oedema often do not become manifest until a few hours have passed and they are aggravated by physical effort. Rest and medical observation is therefore essential.

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation and by ingestion.

Cough. Headache. Sore throat. Laboured breathing. Tremor. Diarrhoea. Convulsions. Vomiting.

Redness. Pain.

Redness. Pain.

Grade: Technical|/Available as/ 97% purity grade, 1/2 inch pieces and smaller

Calcium phosphide (Ca3P2): ACTIVE

Agrochemicals -> Rodenticides|Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree, Reactive - 2nd degree