Zinc sulfide

97.46

95.901

215-251-3

1627

3082

DTXSID7042518

Exists in two crystalline forms, alpha (wurtzite) and beta (sphalerite)|White hexagonal crystals /wurtzite/|Gray-white cubic crystals /sphalerite/|White to grayish-white or yellowish powder colorless cubic crystals

2830909000

32.1

0.64570

white to faint yellow powder

4.32 g/cm³

1700 °C

1185 °C @ Press: 800 Torr

Index of refraction: 2.356, 2.378 (alpha); 2.368 (beta)

soluble in acids. insoluble in water.

Separated from strong acids.

12600mmHg at 25°C

Changes to alpha form at 1020 °C; sublimes at 1180 °C /beta/

Insoluble in water.

Sulfides, Inorganic

These sulfides are rather inert, dissolve into acid, insoluble in water and alkalis.

3082

3

31

50A

ZH5400000

Separated from strong acids.

Stable if kept dry

P261, P264, P271, P272, P273, P280, P285, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P304+P341, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P333+P313, P337+P313, P342+P311, P363, P391, P403+P233, P405, P501

H317

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D003, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.|Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Ultrafiltration; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Continuous flow, pilot scale; Type of Wastewater Used: Industrial wastewater; Results of Study: 0.38 ppm effluent concentration. /Zinc/|Chemical Treatability of Zinc; Concentration Process: Miscellaneous sorbents; Chemical Classification: Metals; Scale of Study: Literature review; Type of Wastewater Used: Unknown; Results of Study: Final concentration reduced to 0.1 ppb; SiO2 + CaO slags used. /Zinc/

Presence of zinc ... sulfide causes flaming decomp /of hydrazinium nitrate/ above the melting point (70 °C). /Hydrazinium nitrate: alone, etc/|The reaction between iodine monochloride and ... zinc sulfide is vigorous. /Iodine monochloride: cadmium sulfide/|Reacts with strong acids to produce toxic hydrogen sulfide.

Zinc sulfide is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.|Drug products containing certain active ingredients offered over-the-counter (OTC) for certain uses. A number of active ingredients have been present in OTC drug products for various uses, as described below. However, based on evidence currently available, there are inadequate data to establish general recognition of the safety and effectiveness of these ingredients for the specified uses: zinc sulfide is included in topical acne drug products.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Containers may explode when heated. Some may be transported hot. For UN3508, be aware of possible short circuiting as this product is transported in a charged state. (ERG, 2016)|Not combustible.

Not Classified

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent dust cloud. Avoid inhalation of asbestos dust. SMALL DRY SPILL: With clean shovel, place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area. SMALL SPILL: Pick up with sand or other non-combustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Cover powder spill with plastic sheet or tarp to minimize spreading. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection. (ERG, 2016)

Not combustible. In case of fire in the surroundings: use appropriate extinguishing media.

Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.|Prevention ... /of metal fume fever/ is a matter of keeping exposure of workers below level of concn currently accepted as satisfactory for working with the metal in industry, preferably by employment of proper local exhaust ventilation to collect fumes at their source. Acceptable respirators are avail commercially but should be used only under suitable conditions. /Zinc/|In all cases where zinc is heated to the point where fume is produced, it is most important to ensure that adequate ventilation is provided. Individual protection is best ensured by education of the worker concerning metal-fume fever & the provision of local exhaust ventilation, or, in some situations by wearing of supplied-air hood or mask.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

Separated from strong acids.

A nuisance-causing concentration of airborne particles can be reached quickly when dispersed.

May cause mechanical irritation.

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles.

D003; A waste containing zinc sulfide may (or may not) be characterized a hazardous waste following testing by the Toxicant Extraction Procedure as prescribed by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) regulations.

LD50 Rat oral >15000 mg/kg bw|LD50 Rat dermal >2 g/kg

OCCURS IN NATURE AS THE MINERALS WURTZITE & SPHALERITE.|... ABOVE A RATIO OF FE:ZN OF 1:5 THE MINERAL IS CALLED MARMATITE; ABOVE 5:6 SPHALERITE STRUCTURE CEASES TO EXIST. NEXT TO FE, CD IS MOST COMMON IMPURITY IN SPHALERITE ... GALLIUM & GE ALSO OCCUR IN SPHALERITE (LOW TEMP FORMATION); SN & INDIUM OCCUR IN TRACES FROM HIGH TEMP DEPOSITS.|Metallic zinc is not found free in nature, but rather occurs in the +2 oxidation state often as zinc sulfide or zinc oxide. (SRC)

... Identified in tissues of conjunctivae and lids of two children who were accidentally squirted in eye with material from the liquid center of golf balls.

Sulfides of Pb, Cd, Mn, and Cu are often present. ... Also ... small amounts of As, Sn, Bi, Co, Hg, In, Tl, Ga, Ge, Ag, and Au.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Inhalation of material may be harmful. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Inhalation of Asbestos dust may have a damaging effect on the lungs. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Some liquids produce vapors that may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 171 [Substances (Low to Moderate Hazard)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. (ERG, 2016)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Zinc and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluids cautiously. Consider vasopressors for hypotension with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam ... . Use proparacaine, hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Zinc and related compounds/|... In the majority of cases, intoxication by ingested zinc salts or inhaled zinc fumes is a self-limiting disease. Symptomatic relief from pain and supportive therapy is all that is medically indicated in the common case. Chelating agents, such as calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), which are used in chelating zinc from the bloodstream, rarely are indicated. /Zinc salts/|Treatment for acute zinc toxicity is supportive. After oral ingestion of zinc or zinc salts, treatment should be directed toward control of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Induced emesis, gastric lavage, or activated charcoal usually are unnecessary but may be useful in cases of substantial ingestion of zinc tablets of capsules. ...Treatment of zinc-induced copper deficiency requires discontinuation of supplemental zinc and therapy with oral or iv copper if necessary. /Zinc or zinc salts/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Since the 1960's, formerly caustic content /of golf balls/ appears to have been replaced by a non-caustic paste containing barium sulfate, with or without zinc sulfide. Since the 1960's this new preparation has been involved in most recorded injuries from incised or disrupted liquid center golf balls. When the paste is suddenly ejected under great pressure, it can penetrate through the conjunctiva, or into the skin of the eyelids and, less often, into the cornea. Injection into the conjunctiva and lids can be painless, but characteristically a white plaque of injected material is visible beneath the surface. This evokes a non-purulent inflammatory reaction with swelling of the tissue, followed in a few weeks by tissue fibrosis.|/CASE REPORTS/ Zinc sulfide, as well as barium sulfate which was similarly encountered /from liquid center of golf ball accidentally squirted into eye of 2 children/, produced only slight macrophage reaction and negligible tissue damage.|/OTHER TOXICITY INFORMATION/ If free gastric acidity is high, the ingestion of zinc sulfide may result in their decomposition to hydrogen sulfide in stomach, with subsequent systemic toxicity.

sphalerite

Cough.

Redness. Pain.

(2001) 1410 thousand metric tons zinc. /Apparent, all forms/|(2002) 1420 thousand metric tons zinc. /Apparent, all forms/|(2003) 1340 thousand metric tons zinc. /Apparent, all forms/|(2004) 1400 thousand metric tons zinc. /Apparent, all forms/|(2005) 1370 thousand metric tons zinc. /Apparent, all forms/

Grades: Technical; CP, fluorescent or luminous; single crystals.|3-12 mm and -325 mesh, 99.9 and 99.99% purity grades|99.99%, and 99.999%, -325 mesh, 2 micron, luminescent and emissive grade|Mixed with zinc oxide as "mineral white"|Commercial lithopone grades contain 30 % ZnS (red seal) and 60 % ZnS (silver seal). The ZnS content of Sachtolith is >97 %. /Lithopone/

Computer and electronic product manufacturing|Zinc sulfide (ZnS): ACTIVE|Precipitated zinc sulfide of commerce usually contains 15-20% water of hydration. The dried ppt may have been heated to 725 °C in absence of air to obtain substantial conversion to wurtzite, the form preferred by pigment industry.

Cosmetics -> Depilatory