Hematite (Fe2O3)

159.687

159.85500

215-275-4

1K09F3G675

DTXSID7049637

Brilliant black to blackish red or brick red mineral, brown to cherry red streak and metallic to dull luster /Hematite, red/|Red-brown hexagonal crystals

2601111000

3

-0.36140

DryPowder; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals; OtherSolid

5.24 g/cm³

1565 °C

>230 °F

Index of refraction: 3.19, 2.91 (LI)

Insol in water; sol in hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid; slightly sol in nitric acid

Store dry at ambient temperatures.

0 mmHg (approx)

Mohs hardness about 6; specific gravity: 4.9-5.3 /Hematite, red/

-

R36/37/38

26

NO7252000

Xi

Stable at normal temperatures and pressures.

P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, P501

H302

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|The following wastewater treatment technologies have been investigated for iron (Fe+2): Concentration process: Biological treatment. /Iron (Fe+2)/

Not Classified

Noncombustible, except as powder. /Hematite, red/

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|All ... /iron/ preparations should be kept in child-proof bottles. /Iron preparations/

If inhaled, iron is a local irritant to the lung and gastrointestinal tract. /Iron compounds/

Particulate matter & polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons are known to be cocarcinogenic. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that adsorption of benzo(a)pyrene to iron oxide (hematite), silica & asbestos (anthophyllite & canadian chrysotile) results in a greatly enhanced rate of benzo(a)pyrene uptake into rat liver microsomes when compared to uptake from aqueous dispersions of benzo(a)pyrene microcrystals.|The effects of quartz, Fe2O3 (hematite), CaCO3, & Na feldspar, on host defenses against bacterial pulmonary infection was investigated. Mice which received intratracheal instillations of 10, 33, and 100 mug/mouse were exposed within an hour to aerosols of viable streptococcus, & pneumonia-induced mortality was measured. At 33 and 100 mug/mouse, all particles significantly increased mortality. At the lower dose, only fe2o3 caused a significant increase in mortality. Delaying the challenge did not significantly alter the response.

Alpha-form occurs in nature as mineral hematite. Gamma-form occurs in nature as mineral maghemite...

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 28,186 workers (563 of these are female) are potentially exposed to hematite in the US(1).

... Proportion ... introduced into lungs of experimental animals remained within lungs of Tracheo-bronchial lymph nodes throughout their remaining life-span. Particles appear to penetrate walls of alveoli & respiratory bronchioles and remain in connective tissues of lung within macrophages which form clusters of various sizes.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. /Iron and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start an IV with lactated Ringer's /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Watch for signs of fluid overload. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Iron and related compounds/|Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Treat shock caused by hemorrhagic gastrointestinitis aggressively with intravenous crystalloid fluids, and replace blood if needed. Patients are often markedly hypovolemic owing to gastrointestinal losses and third spacing of fluids into the intestinal wall and interstitial space. Treat coma, seizures, and metabolic acidosis if they occur. For seriously intoxicated victims (eg, shock, severe acidosis, and/or serum iron > 500-600 mcg/dL) administer deferoxamine. Monitor the urine for the urine for the characteristic orange or pink deferoxamine-iron complex. Therapy may be stopped when the urine returns to normal or when the serum iron level decreases to the normal range. Prolonged deferoxamine has been associated with adult respiratory distress syndrome and Yersinia sepsis.|Activated charcoal is not effective. Ipecac is not recommended, because it can aggravate iron-induced gastrointestinal irritation and interfere with whole bowel irrigation. Consider gastric lavage if product was a liquid formulation or tablets were chewed. Do-not use phosphate-containing solutions for lavage; these may result in life-threatening hypernatremia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia. Bicarbonate and deferoxamine lavage are of doubtful efficacy. Deferoxamine lavage is not effective and may enhance iron absorption. Whole-bowel irrigation is very effective for ingested tablets and may be considered first-line treatment, especially if large numbers of tablets are visible on plain abdominal x-ray. Massive ingestions may lead to concretions or bezoars. Repeated or prolonged whole-bowel irrigation may remove tablets. Endoscopy or surgical gastrotomy is rarely required.|Hemodialysis and hemoperfusion are not effective for removing iron but may be necessary to remove iron-deferoxamine complex in patients with renal failure. Exchange transfusion is occasionally used for massive pediatric ingestions but is of questionable efficacy.

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ...Hematite pneumoconiosis in Cumberland Fe ore miners... is progressive, massive fibrosis, appearing as modified form of infective pneumoconiosis... tuberculosis is terminal event... because of... increases in degree of silica exposure. Increased incidence of lung tumors... of 238 necropsies... 24 cases of carcinoma...|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ...Under the conditions of heavy exposure to hematite dust, pulmonary clearance mechanisms may be overwhelmed. ... Upper lobes & upper parts of lower lobes tend to be more affected by fibrosis than lower parts of lower lobes. Also, peripheries of lungs tend to be more affected than central regions.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Higher concentration of silica & iron ... found in lungs of hematite miners with fibrosis (associated or not with pulmonary tuberculosis) or with bronchial carcinoma than in lungs of those with no such pathology ... levels in those with carcinoma ... not higher than ... those with fibrosis (accompanied or not by tuberculosis) but no carcinoma.|/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ ... Dust ... caught in respiratory tract ... /removed/ in sputum ... rust colored. Remaining iron oxide accumulates in lymphoid tissue, along bronchi around blood vessels, or at bifurcation of bronchi. If worker exposed to iron oxide is short of breath or has abnormal lung function indices, it is important to discover whether or not he has inhaled fibrogenic dust such as silica in addition to iron. /iron/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for HEMATITE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

C.I. 77491

All other basic inorganic chemical manufacturing|Hematite (Fe2O3): ACTIVE|(1972)Most important iron ore ... mineral found in two forms: red hematite or red iron ore, which consists mainly of Fe2O3 & contains approx 70% of iron; brown hematite or brown iron ore, which consists mainly of hydrated sesquioxide of iron (limonite) & contains approx 42% of iron.|Less commonly occurring forms ... (i) brilliant lustre (steel grey crystalline variety, known also as looking-glass ore, iron glance or specular iron); (ii) micaeous iron ore ... (iii) speculous ore formed by interaction of steam & ferric chloride in volcanic regions; (iv) soft red ore ... earthy; (v) red ochre & rouge.|Because iron ore deposits are usually near surface, most of mining is done in opencast systems. ... In addition to iron oxide or carbonate, ores contain ... silica & clay ... with smaller amount of ... phosphorus, sulfur, titanium, manganese, calcium & magnesium.|... As /a/ source of iron in salt blocks and feeds. ... Subsequent biologic availability trials in rats, chicks, cattle, and sheep have confirmed its worthlessness as source of iron. Most clinical trials with swine have been equally disappointing.|For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for HEMATITE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

DETERMINATION OF HEMATITE IN LUNGS OF HEMATITE WORKERS BY MOESSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY. THE TOTAL FE CONTENT WAS 1.31-11.20% OF THE DRIED LUNG, STORAGE FE CONTRIBUTING 9.6-26.5% OF THE TOTAL FE.