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Mirabegron

pharmaceutical raw materials
Mirabegron structure

Mirabegron 

structure
  • CAS No:

    223673-61-8

  • Formula:

    C21H24N4O2S

  • Chemical Name:

    Mirabegron

  • Synonyms:

    4-Thiazoleacetamide,2-amino-N-[4-[2-[[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino]ethyl]phenyl]-;2-Amino-N-[4-[2-[[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino]ethyl]phenyl]-4-thiazoleacetamide;Mirabegron;YM 178;Betanis;Myrbetriq;2-(2-Amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-[2-[((2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino]ethyl]phenyl]acetamide;(R)-Mirabegron;2-(2-Amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-[2-[[(2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl]amino]ethyl]phenyl]acetamide;Betmiga;928324-05-4

  • Categories:

    Biochemical Engineering  >  Inhibitors

Description

Mirabegron is a selective β3-adrenoceptor agonist with EC50 of 22.4 nM.


Mirabegron is a monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-ylacetic acid with the anilino group of (1R)-2-{[2-(4-aminophenyl)ethyl]amino}-1-phenylethanol. Used for the treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. It has a role as a beta-adrenergic agonist. It is a member of 1,3-thiazoles, an aromatic amide, a member of ethanolamines and a monocarboxylic acid amide.|Mirabegron is a beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist for the management of overactive bladder. It is an alternative to antimuscarinic drugs for this indication. FDA approved on June 28, 2012.|Mirabegron is a beta3-Adrenergic Agonist. The mechanism of action of mirabegron is as an Adrenergic beta3-Agonist, and Cytochrome P450 2D6 Inhibitor, and Cytochrome P450 3A Inhibitor, and P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor.|Mirabegron is a beta-3 adrenergic agonist that is used for treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. Mirabegron has not been implicated in causing liver enzyme elevations or clinically apparent acute liver injury.|Mirabegron is an orally bioavailable agonist of the human beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3), with muscle relaxing, neuroprotective and potential antineoplastic activities. Upon oral administration, mirabegron binds to and activates ADRB3, which leads to smooth muscle relaxation. Mirabegron also restores sympathetic stimulation in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) niches, inhibits JAK2-mutated hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) expansion and blocks the progression of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Lack of sympathetic stimulation of the MSC and HSC niche is associated with the development of MPNs.

Mirabegron Basic Attributes

396.506

396.51

1592732-453-0

MVR3JL3B2V

C90633

G04BD12|G - Genito urinary system and sex hormones

Characteristics

129

2.1

Light yellow to yellow solid

1.3±0.1 g/cm3

138-140°C

690°C at 760 mmHg

371.1±31.5 °C

1.681

Insoluble

-20°C Freezer

5.45E-20mmHg at 25°C

Safety Information

P201, P202, P260, P261, P263, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P309+P311, P314, P321, P330, P333+P313, P337+P313, P363, P391, P405, P501

H302

|Warning|H302 (87.5%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P263, P264, P270, P272, P273, P280, P281, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P309+P311, P314, P321, P330, P333+P313, P337+P313, P363, P391, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 8 companies from 7 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Toxicity

Most commonly reported adverse reactions (> 2% and > placebo) were hypertension, nasopharyngitis, urinary tract infection and headache

In preregistration clinical trials, serum aminotransferase elevations were uncommon and mild in patients treated with mirabegron and rates of serum enzyme elevations were similar to those with placebo treatment. Among several thousands of patients treated, there were no episodes of clinically apparent liver injury. Since its approval and more wide scale use, there have not been any published reports of hepatotoxicity attributed to mirabegron. The product label for mirabegron mentions occasional elevations in ALT and AST associated with treatment, but not clinically apparent hepatitis or hepatotoxicity.

71% bound to plasma proteins. It binds to albumin and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein with moderate affinity.

Drug Information

Mirabegron is a beta-3 adrenergic agonist indicated for the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and urinary frequency.|FDA Label|Symptomatic treatment of urgency.Increased micturition frequency and / or urgency incontinence as may occur in adult patients with overactive-bladder syndrome.|Treatment of idiopathic overactive bladder|Treatment of neurogenic detrusor overactivity|Treatment of myoneurogenic bladder disorders

Mirabegron is a beta-3 adrenergic agonist that is used for treatment of overactive bladder syndrome. Mirabegron has not been implicated in causing liver enzyme elevations or clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Urologic Agents

Mirabegron has little effect on the mean maximum flow rate or mean detrusor pressure at maximum flow rate in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and bladder outlet obstruction. Furthermore, mirabegron increases blood pressure in a dose dependent manner. However, this effect is reversible when mirabegron is discontinued. Mirabegron also increases heart rate in a dose dependent manner. The dose in which half-maximal efficacy is demonstrated is 25 mg. Comparatively, the dose in which maximal efficacy is demonstrated is 100 mg.

Compounds that bind to and activate ADRENERGIC BETA-3 RECEPTORS. (See all compounds classified as Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists.)|Drugs used in the treatment of urogenital conditions and diseases such as URINARY INCONTINENCE; PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA; and ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION. (See all compounds classified as Urological Agents.)

The absolute bioavailability increases from 29% at a dose of 25 mg to 35% at a dose of 50 mg. Mean Cmax and AUC increase more than dose proportionally. This relationship is more apparent at doses above 50 mg. Females generally have a lower magnitude of increase of Cmax and AUCtau compared to males when doses of mirabegron doubles or quadruples. Steady state concentrations are achieved within 7 days of once daily dosing with mirabegron. After once daily administration, plasma exposure of mirabegron at steady state is approximately double that seen after a single dose. Tmax, oral dose, healthy subjects= 3.5 hours;|Mirabegron is eliminated via urine (radiolabeled drug: 55%; unchanged drug: ~25%) and feces (radiolabeled drug: 34%; unchanged drug: 0%). Renal elimination of mirabegron is primarily through active tubular secretion and glomerular filtration. Extent of elimination via urine is dose-dependent.|Vd, steady state, IV dose = 1670 L. This high value suggests that mirabegron is extensively distributed in the body.|Total body clearance (CLtot), IV dose = 57 L/h; Renal clearance (CLR) = 13 L/h

Mirabegron is metabolized via multiple pathways involving dealkylation, oxidation, (direct) glucuronidation, and amide hydrolysis. The major circulating entity is mirabegron. Two major and inactive metabolites (phase 2 glucuronides) are produced. Although mirabegron is a substrate for CYP2D6 and CYP3A4, its role in the elimination of the drug is limited. Studies also suggest that CYP3A4 is the main enzyme that facilitates the oxidative metabolism of the drug. Furthermore, butylcholinesterase, uridine diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT), and possibly alcohol dehydrogenase may be involved with the metabolism of mirabegron.

Terminal elimination half-life = 50 hours

Mirabegron is a potent and selective agonist for beta-3 adrenergic receptors. Once beta-3 receptors are activated, the detrusor smooth muscle relaxes to allow for a larger bladder capacity. At higher doses (200 mg), there is a potential for mirabegron to activate beta-1 and beta-2 adrenergic receptors.

2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-4'-(2-((2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino)ethyl)acetanilide

Mirabegron Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

5 g of the amorphous form of Mirabegron free base prepared in the Preparation Example was dissolved in 50 ml of methanol at room temperature. Then, 1.7 g of L-pyroglutamic acid was dissolved in 17 ml of acetone. The two solvents were mixed and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure using a concentrator to precipitate a solid. 30 ml of ethyl acetate was added to the precipitated solid, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. The mixture was filtered under reduced pressure, and vacuum-dried at 45 C for 16 hours to obtain 4.2 g of Mirabegron pidolate.5 g of Amira Begron free base amorphous prepared in the above Preparation Example and 1.5 g of edicylic acid were mixed and then 50 ml of methanol was added. Thereafter, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour, filtered under reduced pressure, and vacuum-dried at 45 C for 16 hours to obtain 4.5 g of mirabegron hemicylate.5 g of the amorphous form of Mirabegron free base prepared in the Preparation Example was dissolved in 50 ml of methanol at room temperature. Then, 2.3 g of napadic acid was dissolved in 23 ml of acetone. The two solvents were mixed and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The mixture was filtered under reduced pressure, and vacuum-dried at 45 C for 16 hours to obtain 5.8 g of Mirabegron hemipadcylate.10 g of Mirabegron and 100 ml of methanol were added to the reactor, and the temperature was raised to 50 C to completely dissolve the mixture. When dissolution was confirmed, 5.8 g of Myristic acid was added and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature until the reaction was completely dissolved. After complete dissolution, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and the solvent was removed by concentration under reduced pressure. Then, 100 ml of n-heptane was added to the residue, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The resulting solid was filtered, washed with n-heptane (20 ml) and vacuum dried at 40 C to obtain a white14.2 g of Mirabegron myristate was obtained (yield: 89.2%).10 g of Mirabegron and 100 ml of methanol were added to the reactor, and the temperature was raised to 50 C to completely dissolve the mixture. When dissolution was confirmed, 4.6 g of hippuric acid was added and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature until the reaction was completely dissolved. After completely dissolved, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and then the solvent was removed by concentration under reduced pressure. Then, 100 ml of methyl tert-butyl ether was added to the residue, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The resultant solid was filtered, washed with 20 ml of methyl tert-butyl ether, and vacuum dried at 40 C to obtain 13.6 g of white mirabegron hippurate (yield: 93.2%).10 g of Mirabegron and 100 ml of methanol were added to the reactor, and the temperature was raised to 50 C to completely dissolve the mixture. When dissolution was confirmed, 2.9 g of fumaric acid was added and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature until the reaction was completely dissolved. After completely dissolved, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and then the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. 100 ml of ethyl acetate was added to the residue, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The resulting solid was filtered, washed with 20 ml of ethyl acetate, and vacuum dried at 40 to obtain 12.0 g of white mirabegron fumarate (yield 93%).10 g of Mirabegron and 100 ml of methanol were added to the reactor, and the temperature was raised to 50 C to completely dissolve the mixture. When the dissolution was confirmed, 1.4 ml of phosphoric acid was added, and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature until the reaction was completely dissolved. After completely dissolved, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and then the solvent was removed by concentration under reduced pressure. Then, 100 ml of acetone was added to the residue, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The resulting solid was filtered, washed with 20 ml of acetone, and vacuum dried at 40 C to obtain 10.4 g of white mirabegron phosphate (yield: 83.9%).10 g of Mirabegron and 100 ml of methanol were added to the reactor, and the temperature was raised to 50 C to completely dissolve the mixture. When dissolution was confirmed, 4.4 g of orotic acid monohydrate was added and the mixture was stirred at the same temperature until the reaction was completely dissolved. After completely dissolved, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and then the solvent was removed by concentration under reduced pressure. Then, 100 ml of methyl tert-butyl ether was added to the residue, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The resultant solid was filtered, washed with 20 ml of methyl tert-butyl ether, and vacuum dried at 40 C to obtain 11.4 g of white mirabegron orotate (yield: 79.2%).

Uses

Potent bladder relaxant and reagent for diabetes remedy.;Labeled Mirabegron, intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of Mirabegron by GC- or LC-mass spectrometry.

Human drugs -> Betmiga -> EMA Drug Category|Urologicals -> Human pharmacotherapeutic group|Human Drugs -> EU pediatric investigation plans|Human Drugs -> FDA Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations (Orange Book) -> Active Ingredients

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:396.5
XLogP3:2.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:4
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:6
Rotatable Bond Count:9
Exact Mass:396.16199719
Monoisotopic Mass:396.16199719
Topological Polar Surface Area:129
Heavy Atom Count:28
Complexity:467
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count:1
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Drug Function and Efficacy

Pharmacological action not specified

This ingredient has been used in drugs with the following functions (note: it does not mean that the ingredient itself has the following health functions)

Related Drugs

Registered Holders

  • METROCHEM API PRIVATE LTD

    United States United States
    Active
  • MICRO LABS LTD

    United States United States
    Active
  • VIWIT PHARMACEUTICAL CO LTD

    United States United States
    Active

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