Benzaldehyde Safety Data Sheets

Acute toxicity - Category 4, Oral

If inhaled

Following skin contact

Following eye contact

Following ingestion

Inhalation of concentrated vapor may irritate eyes, nose and throat. Liquid is irritating to the eyes. Prolonged contact with the skin may cause irritation. (USCG, 1999)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 129 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Miscible / Noxious)]: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. (ERG, 2016)

Use water spray, foam, powder, carbon dioxide.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapors accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapors can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

NO open flames. Above 63°C use a closed system and ventilation. Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.

Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Well closed. Ventilation along the floor. Cool. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Keep in the dark.Store under nitrogen. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage. Air, light, and moisture sensitive.

Occupational Exposure limit values

Biological limit values

Eye/face protection

Skin protection

Respiratory protection

Thermal hazards

The substance can form explosive peroxides under special conditions. Reacts violently with aluminium, bases, iron, oxidants and phenol. This generates fire and explosion hazard.

Stable under recommended storage conditions.

Combustible liquid.A nontoxic, combustible liquid, reacts with oxidizing reagents. BENZALDEHYDE must be blanketed with an inert gas at all times since it is oxidized readily by air to benzoic acid [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol. 3, 1978, p. 736]. In contact with strong acids or bases it will undergo an exothermic condensation reaction [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 327]. A violent reaction was observed on contact with peroxyacids (peroxyformic acid) [D'Ans, J. et al., Ber., 1915, 48, p. 1136]. An explosion occurred when pyrrolidine, benzaldehyde, and propionic acid were heated to form porphyrins.

no data available

Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents, strong bases, alkali metals, aluminum, iron, phenols, oxygen.

Combustion may produce irritants and toxic gases.

Acute toxicity

• Oral: LD50 - rat (male) - ca. 1 430 mg/kg bw.
• Inhalation: LC50 - rat (male/female) - 1 - 5 mg/L air.
• Dermal: LD50 - rabbit (male/female) - > 2 000 mg/kg bw.

Skin corrosion/irritation

Serious eye damage/irritation

Respiratory or skin sensitization

Germ cell mutagenicity

Carcinogenicity

Reproductive toxicity

STOT-single exposure

STOT-repeated exposure

Aspiration hazard

• Toxicity to fish: LC50 - Pimephales promelas - 12.4 mg/L - 96 h.
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: EC50 - Daphnia magna - 50 mg/L - 24 h.
• Toxicity to algae: TTsc - Scenedesmus quadricauda - 34 mg/L - 7 d.
• Toxicity to microorganisms: IC50 - activated sludge - 740 mg/L - 3 h. Remarks:O2.

AEROBIC: Benzaldehyde had a 5 day theoretical BOD of 36% using the AFNOR T test and inoculum from 3 polluted surface waters(1). Using a sewage inocula and standard dilution water, benzaldehyde had a 10-day theoretical BOD of 62%(2). Theoretical BODs of 41-70% were observed (at 500 ppm concentration) in Warburg respirometers using 3 different activated sludge seeds and 6 days of inubation(3). Theoretical BOD of 13% was observed (at 500 ppm concentration) in a Warburg respirometer using a digester sludge seed acclimated to benzene and 6 hr incubation(4). Theoretical BODs of 30-38% were observed (at 250 ppm concentration) in Warburg respirometers using activated sludge seeds acclimated to phenol, benzyl alcohol or anthranilic acid and 12 hr incubation(5). About 99% of initial benzaldehyde was removed (based upon COD) in 5 days of incubation using an activated sludge inocula that had been acclimated to benzaldehyde for 20 days(6). Five-day theoretical BODs of 77.2% and 63.5% were measured using the standard dilution method and seawater dilution method, respectively(7). Benzaldehyde, present at 100 mg/L, reached 66% of its theoretical BOD in 2 weeks using an activated sludge inoculum at 30 mg/L and the Japanese MITI test which classified the compound as readily biodegradable(8).

An estimated BCF of 4.4 was calculated in fish for benzaldehyde(SRC), using a log Kow of 1.48(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of benzaldehyde can be estimated to be 11(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that benzaldehyde is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

no data available

Product

Contaminated packaging

no data available

no data available

Information on revision

Abbreviations and acronyms

• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/

Other Information

Rinse contaminated clothing with plenty of water because of fire hazard.Check for peroxides prior to distillation; eliminate if found.