Nitrogen mustard Safety Data Sheets

Acute toxicity - Category 2, Oral

Acute toxicity - Category 1, Dermal

Skin corrosion, Sub-category 1B

Germ cell mutagenicity, Category 1B

Carcinogenicity, Category 1B

Reproductive toxicity, Category 1B

If inhaled

Following skin contact

Following eye contact

Following ingestion

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include irritation of the mucous membranes, vesication, burning sensation, destruction of tissues of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, shortness of breath and headache. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting and anorexia. It can cause irritation, severe damage and burns of the eyes, and necrotizing uveitis. Exposure can lead to depression of the formed elements in the blood, weakness, diarrhea, and rarely, jaundice, alopecia, vertigo, tinnitus, diminished hearing, hemolytic anemia, various chromosomal abnormalities, agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia (which may lead to bleeding from the gums and gastrointestinal tract, petechiae and small subcutaneous hemorrhages), immunosuppression, erythema multiforme, delayed catamenia, severe and even uncontrollable depression of the hematopoietic system, persistent pancytopenia, oligomenorrhea, temporary or permanent amenorrhea, and in males, impaired spermatogenesis, azoospermia and total germinal aplasia. Other symptoms may include leukopenia, granulocytopenia, hypoplasia of all elements of bone marrow, lymphopenia and precipitation of uric acid in kidney tubules. It can cause myelosuppression and gastrointestinal symptoms. It can also cause hemorrhagic complications, maculopapular skin eruptions, herpes zoster, and on injection, thrombophlebitis. It can also cause thrombosis on injection. Exposure can also lead to latent viral infection and menstrual irregularities in women. Necrosis has occurred following extravascular injections. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is highly toxic and may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through the skin. It is a severe irritant of the mucous membranes. It is a powerful vesicant. High concentrations are extremely destructive to tissues of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. There is sufficient evidence that it is an animal carcinogen. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and hydrogen chloride gas. (NTP, 1992)

Flash point data for this chemical are not available. It is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.

Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing mist, gas or vapours.Avoid contacting with skin and eye. Use personal protective equipment.Wear chemical impermeable gloves. Ensure adequate ventilation.Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas.Keep people away from and upwind of spill/leak.

Prevent further spillage or leakage if it is safe to do so. Do not let the chemical enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided.

PRECAUTIONS FOR ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS:/ Spill kits containing all materials needed to clean up spills of hazardous drugs should be assembled or purchased. These kits should be readily available in all areas where hazardous drugs are routinely handled. If hazardous drugs are being prepared or administered in a nonroutine area (home setting or unusual patient-care area), a spill kit should be obtained by the drug handler. The kit should include two pairs of disposable gloves (one outer pair of utility gloves and one inner latex pair); low-permeability, disposable protective garments (coveralls or gown and shoe covers); safety glasses or splash goggles; respirator; absorbent, plastic-backed sheets or spill pads; disposable toweling; at least 2 sealable thick plastic hazardous waste disposal bags (prelabeled with an appropriate warning label); a disposable scoop for collecting glass fragments; and a puncture-resistant container for glass fragments. All individuals who routinely handle hazardous drugs must be trained in proper spill management and cleanup procedures. Spills and breakages must be cleaned up immediately according to the following procedures. If the spill is not located in a confined space, the spill area should be identified and other people should be prevented from approaching and spreading the contamination. Wearing protective apparel from the spill kit, workers should remove any broken glass fragments and place them in the puncture-resistant container. Liquids should be absorbed with a spill pad; powder should be removed with damp disposable gauze pads or soft toweling. The hazardous material should be completely removed and the area rinsed with water and then cleaned with detergent. The spill cleanup should proceed progressively from areas of lesser to greater contamination. The detergent should be thoroughly rinsed and removed. All contaminated materials should be placed in the disposal bags provided and sealed and transported to a designated containment receptacle. Spills occurring in the biohazard cabinet should be cleaned up immediately; a spill kit should be used if the volume exceeds 150 ml or the contents of one drug vial or ampule. If there is broken glass, utility gloves should be worn to remove it and place it in the puncture-resistant container located in the biohazard cabinet. The biological safety cabinet, including the drain spillage trough, should be thoroughly cleaned. If the spill is not easily and thoroughly contained, the biological safety cabinet should be decontaminated after cleanup. If the spill contaminates the high efficiency particulate air filter, use of the biological safety cabinet should be suspended until the cabinet has been decontaminated and the high efficiency particulate air filter replaced. Antineoplastic agents

Handling in a well ventilated place. Wear suitable protective clothing. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid formation of dust and aerosols. Use non-sparking tools. Prevent fire caused by electrostatic discharge steam.

Store the container tightly closed in a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. Store apart from foodstuff containers or incompatible materials.

Occupational Exposure limit values

Biological limit values

Eye/face protection

Skin protection

Respiratory protection

Thermal hazards

Hygroscopic. Water soluble.

Storage and shelf-life of unopened container: Two years when stored at 2-15 deg C.

Dry crystals are stable at temperatures up to 104° F. This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. (NTP, 1992).

no data available

Incompatible with methohexital sodium.

no data available

Acute toxicity

• Oral: no data available
• Inhalation: no data available
• Dermal: no data available

Skin corrosion/irritation

Serious eye damage/irritation

Respiratory or skin sensitization

Germ cell mutagenicity

Carcinogenicity

Reproductive toxicity

STOT-single exposure

STOT-repeated exposure

Aspiration hazard

• Toxicity to fish: no data available
• Toxicity to daphnia and other aquatic invertebrates: no data available
• Toxicity to algae: no data available
• Toxicity to microorganisms: no data available

no data available

no data available

no data available

no data available

Product

Contaminated packaging

no data available

no data available

Information on revision

Abbreviations and acronyms

• CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service
• ADR: European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road
• RID: Regulation concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail
• IMDG: International Maritime Dangerous Goods
• IATA: International Air Transportation Association
• TWA: Time Weighted Average
• STEL: Short term exposure limit
• LC50: Lethal Concentration 50%
• LD50: Lethal Dose 50%
• EC50: Effective Concentration 50%

References

• IPCS - The International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSC), website: http://www.ilo.org/dyn/icsc/showcard.home
• HSDB - Hazardous Substances Data Bank, website: https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/newtoxnet/hsdb.htm
• IARC - International Agency for Research on Cancer, website: http://www.iarc.fr/
• eChemPortal - The Global Portal to Information on Chemical Substances by OECD, website: http://www.echemportal.org/echemportal/index?pageID=0&request_locale=en
• CAMEO Chemicals, website: http://cameochemicals.noaa.gov/search/simple
• ChemIDplus, website: http://chem.sis.nlm.nih.gov/chemidplus/chemidlite.jsp
• ERG - Emergency Response Guidebook by U.S. Department of Transportation, website: http://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/library/erg
• Germany GESTIS-database on hazard substance, website: http://www.dguv.de/ifa/gestis/gestis-stoffdatenbank/index-2.jsp
• ECHA - European Chemicals Agency, website: https://echa.europa.eu/