FDA Proposes Ban on Hair Relaxers Containing Formaldehyde

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is taking a significant step towards the potential prohibition of formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing chemicals in hair smoothing and hair straightening products. This proposed ban aligns with regulations already in place in the European Union and Canada.

Formaldehyde, which is currently regulated and limited to 0.01% in Canada for use in hair straightening products, has raised concerns due to the inhalation of formaldehyde vapors when these products are heated, such as by a hairdryer or flat iron. This vapor exposure is believed to contribute to respiratory problems and an increased risk of specific cancers.

"The use of hair smoothing products containing formaldehyde and formaldehyde-releasing chemicals is associated with short-term adverse health effects, including sensitization reactions and respiratory issues, as well as long-term health risks, such as an elevated likelihood of certain cancers," stated the FDA in its proposed rule.

Research conducted by the U.S. National Institute of Health (NIH) last year revealed a potential link between the use of hair straightening products and a heightened risk of uterine cancer, with a potentially greater impact on Black women due to their higher usage of such products.

It is essential to note that this proposed ban represents the initial phase of the regulatory process. The FDA is now accepting public comments on the proposal. Following a comprehensive review of these comments, the agency will determine whether further action is necessary.

The FDA currently advises against the use of hair-straightening products that contain formaldehyde and similar substances. Formaldehyde gas inhalation can result in a range of adverse effects, from immediate symptoms such as eye and throat irritation, coughing, wheezing, and chest pain, to more chronic issues like frequent headaches, asthma, skin irritation, allergic reactions, and potentially cancer, as stated in a fact sheet available on the agency's website.