Common Drugs Used To Treat Mental Illness

Mental disease, also known asmental disorders, it is to point to in a variety of biological, psychologicaland social environmental factors, under the influence of brain functionactivities occur disorder, cause the sense perception, thought, emotion,cognition, will and behavior mental activity in different degree of obstaclessuch as disease, such as heavy mental disease, neurosis, mental retardation andpersonality disorder, etc. In most cases, this kind of disease will bring painto individuals and impair their social functions, such as self-care ability,interpersonal communication and communication ability, work learning orhousework ability, etc. In such cases, drugs used to treat mental illnessshould be taken in time.

Drugs used to treat mental illnessare divided into antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics, etc., asfollows:

1. The main antipsychotic drugs areolanzapine, risperidone, quetiapine fumarate, amisulpride, and clozapine

Olanzapine is used to treatschizophrenia. In patients who respond to initial therapy, olanzapine maintainsbasic clinical effects during maintenance therapy. Olanzapine is also used totreat severe manic episodes. Olanzapine can be used to prevent recurrence ofbipolar disorder in patients with manic episodes who respond to olanzapinetherapy. The only adverse effects associated with olanzapine use in clinicaltrials were somnolence and weight gain. Occasional adverse reactions inclinical trials were dizziness, akathisia, increased appetite, peripheraledema, orthostatic hypotension, dry mouth and constipation.

Risperidone tablets, indicationsare: ① for the treatment of acute and chronic schizophrenia and other obviouspositive symptoms of various psychotic states (such as hallucinations,delusions, thinking disorders, hostility, suspicion) and obvious negativesymptoms ( Such as unresponsiveness, emotional apathy and social apathy, fewwords). Also reduces affective symptoms associated with schizophrenia (eg,depression, guilt, anxiety). For patients with effective treatment in the acutephase, this product can continue to exert its clinical efficacy in themaintenance phase. ② It can be used to treat manicepisodes of bipolar disorder, which are manifested by elevated mood,exaggeration or irritability, high self-evaluation, reduced sleep requirements,increased speech rate, rapid thinking, distraction or poor judgment (includingdisorder or excesses).

2. Antidepressantsinclude sertraline hydrochloride, fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram,duloxetine hydrochloride, mirtazapine, and agomelatine

Sertraline hydrochloride tablets,its trade name is also known as Zoloft, Vitatin, etc. It is a new type ofantidepressant commonly used in psychiatry and is a selective serotoninreuptake inhibitor. Sertraline can effectively improve depression and also havecertain anti-anxiety effects. Clinically, it is mainly used to treat varioustypes of depression, social phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, somatizationdisorder and other neuroses. It is also used to treat other mental disorders orphysical diseases associated with tension, anxiety, and depression.

Fluoxetine is a selective serotoninreuptake inhibitor-type antidepressant, its drug form is Fluoxetinehydrochloride, and its trade name is "Prozac". It is clinically usedfor the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and bulimianervosa in adults, and also for the treatment of panic disorder with or withoutagoraphobia.

3. Traditional anti-anxiety drugsinclude buspirone, tandospirone, and anti-anxiety benzodiazepines, such asdiazepam, estazolam, and clonazepam

Buspirone belongs toazaspirocyclodecanedione compounds. It has the effect of activating 5-HT1Areceptor, and its anxiolytic effect may be related to this. Because thisproduct can reduce the sensitivity of 5-HT receptors in the body and hasantidepressant effect. It is highly bound to 5-HT receptors in the lateralraphe region of the brain. Can increase norepinephrine (NA) cell discharge inthe locus coeruleus. It has a moderate affinity for D2 receptors, and mayindirectly affect the transmission of other neurotransmitters in the centralnervous system through D2 receptors. No sedative, hypnotic, central musclerelaxation and anticonvulsant effects, and no dependence was found.

Tandospirone belongs to theazepirone class of drugs, similar to buspirone. It is an upgraded product ofbuspirone. Its action sites are concentrated in the limbic system and raphenucleus such as the hippocampus and amygdala, and it has anti-anxiety andanti-depression properties. The anti-anxiety effect is more specific, the sideeffects are less, there is no muscle relaxation, sedative effect, no dependenceand withdrawal phenomenon, and there is no accumulation in the body afterlong-term use. For anxiety and insomnia.

Of course, if the side effects ofcertain drugs used to treat mental illness are particularly obvious, other drugsused to treat mental illness can be replaced. However, it is recommended totake medicine under the guidance of a doctor, and do not adjust or change the drugsused to treat mental illness at will.