Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

Providing essential amino acids and minimizing the intake of amino nitrogen can reduce urea synthesis and the accumulation of uremic toxic products, improve renal hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, and improve renal osteodystrophy

No specific pharmacological effects mentioned

This product is a blood volume expander. Its volume expansion effect and blood dilution effect depend on the molecular weight, degree of substitution, substitution mode and drug concentration, as well as the dosage and infusion rate. After healthy volunteers infused 500ml of this product within 30 minutes, their volume expansion effect was 100% of the infusion volume of this product, and this 100% volume effect can be maintained stably for 4-6 hours. Using this product for isovolumetric blood replacement can maintain blood volume for at least 6 hours.

This product is a blood volume expander. Its volume expansion effect and blood dilution effect depend on the molecular weight, degree of substitution, substitution mode and drug concentration, as well as the dosage and infusion rate. After 500ml of this product was infused into healthy volunteers within 30 minutes, its volume expansion effect was 100% of the infusion volume of this product, and this 100% volume effect can be stably maintained for 4-6 hours. This product can maintain blood volume for at least 6 hours by isovolumetric blood replacement. In the subchronic toxicity test study of dogs and rats, this product was intravenously infused at 9g/kg body weight daily for 3 consecutive months, and no toxic reaction was found. During the administration period, due to the increase in liver and kidney stress response under non-physiological conditions, it can be observed that the reticuloendothelial system, liver parenchyma and other tissues of the test animals have increased uptake and metabolism of hydroxyethyl starch. The minimum toxic dose of this product for daily intravenous infusion is higher than 9g/kg body weight, which is equivalent to more than 3 times the maximum therapeutic dose of humans. Studies conducted in rats or rabbits have shown that this product has no teratogenic toxicity. When rabbits were infused with 10% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 solution 50ml/kg daily, embryonic death was observed. When pregnant and lactating rats were given a single bolus of the above dose, delayed weight gain and growth of the pups were observed, and increased fluid load was observed in the mother. No studies have been conducted on the effects of this product on fertility.