Nanyang Pukang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.

Sulfonamides exert their antibacterial effects by competing with PABA for dihydrofolate synthase and hindering the synthesis of folic acid in sensitive bacteria. They are effective against most Gram-positive bacteria and some Gram-negative bacteria. Sulfonamides have no effect on synthesized folic acid, so their effects occur slowly. Bacteria that can utilize exogenous folic acid are not sensitive to sulfonamides. Livestock and poultry cells can directly utilize folic acid, so they are not easily harmed by sulfonamides blocking folic acid synthesis.

A chemically semi-synthetic clindamycin derivative with no antibacterial activity in vitro. It is hydrolyzed into clindamycin to exert its pharmacological activity after entering the body. Its antibacterial spectrum, antibacterial activity and therapeutic effect are the same as those of clindamycin. Its fat solubility and permeability are better than those of clindamycin, and it can be injected intramuscularly and intravenously. Its antibacterial effect is 4 to 8 times stronger than that of lincomycin, it is well absorbed, has a high bone concentration, and is effective against anaerobic infections. It has strong antibacterial activity mainly against Gram-positive cocci and anaerobic bacteria.

This product is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. The antibacterial spectrum is similar to that of gentamicin. It has antibacterial effects on Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, aerogenes, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, some indole-positive Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, some Neisseria, some non-pigmented Serratia and Shigella. Among Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (including β-lactamase-producing strains) is sensitive to this product; Streptococci (including Streptococcus pyogenes, Pneumococcus, Streptococcus faecalis, etc.) are resistant to this product. Anaerobic bacteria (Bacteroides), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Rickettsia, viruses and fungi are also resistant to this product. This product is stable to aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC (6') produced by bacteria, so it still has antibacterial activity against bacteria that are resistant to kanamycin, gentamicin, amikacin, ribosomycin, etc. due to the production of this enzyme. The minimum inhibitory concentration of this product is 0.1-6.25 mg/L. The mechanism of action of this product is to bind to the bacterial ribosome 30S subunit and inhibit the synthesis of bacterial protein.

This product is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. The antibacterial spectrum is similar to that of gentamicin. It has antibacterial effects on Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, aerogenes, Klebsiella, Proteus mirabilis, some indole-positive Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, some Neisseria, some non-pigmented Serratia and Shigella. Among Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (including β-lactamase-producing strains) is sensitive to this product; Streptococci (including Streptococcus pyogenes, Pneumococcus, Streptococcus faecalis, etc.) are all resistant to this product. Anaerobic bacteria (Bacteroides), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Rickettsia, viruses and fungi are also resistant to this product. This product is stable to aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC (6') produced by bacteria, so it still has antibacterial activity against bacteria that are resistant to kanamycin, gentamicin, amikacin, ribosomycin, etc. due to the production of this enzyme. The minimum inhibitory concentration of this product is 0.1-6.25 mg/L. The mechanism of action of this product is to bind to the bacterial ribosome 30S subunit and inhibit the synthesis of bacterial protein.

It has high antibacterial activity against common aerobic Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus (including those resistant to penicillin G), Staphylococcus epidermidis, β-hemolytic Streptococcus, viridans Streptococcus and Streptococcus pneumoniae. It has good antibacterial effect on anaerobic bacteria, including Clostridium diphtheriae, and Clostridium perfringens. It has no activity against Gram-negative bacteria such as Enterococcus, meningococci, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Haemophilus influenzae, as well as fungi. There is no cross-resistance with penicillin, chloramphenicol, cephalosporins and tetracyclines, and there is partial cross-resistance with macrolides. It acts on the 50S subunit of the ribosome of sensitive bacteria, preventing the extension of the peptide chain, thereby inhibiting the protein synthesis of bacterial cells. It is generally an antibacterial agent, but at high concentrations, it also has a bactericidal effect on certain bacteria.