Ampicillin Sodium for Injection

Ampicillin sodium is a broad-spectrum semi-synthetic penicillin. This product has a strong antibacterial effect on hemolytic streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and non-penicillinase-producing Staphylococci, which is similar to or slightly inferior to penicillin. Ampicillin also has a good antibacterial effect on viridans streptococci, and is better than penicillin on enterococci and Listeria. This product has antibacterial activity against Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Bacillus anthracis, Actinomyces, Haemophilus influenzae, Bordetella pertussis, Neisseria and anaerobic bacteria except Bacteroides fragilis. Some Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Shigella are sensitive to this product. Ampicillin exerts its bactericidal effect by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis.

Main ingredient: Ampicillin sodium Chemical name: (2S,5R,6R)-3,3-dimethyl-6-((R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetylamino)-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid sodium salt Molecular formula: C16H18N3NaO4S

This product is white or off-white powder or crystal.

Respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, urinary tract infections, soft tissue infections, endocarditis, meningitis, sepsis, etc. caused by sensitive bacteria.

Adults: 2-4g per day for intramuscular injection, divided into 4 times; the intravenous drip or injection dose is 4-8g per day, divided into 2-4 times. The daily dose for patients with severe infection can be increased to 12g, and the maximum daily dose is 14g. Children: 50-100mg/kg per day for intramuscular injection, divided into 4 times; 100-200mg/kg per day for intravenous drip or injection, divided into 2-4 times. The maximum daily dose is 300mg/kg per body weight. Full-term newborns: 12.5-25mg/kg per day according to body weight, once every 12 hours on the first and second days after birth, once every 8 hours from the third day to 2 weeks, and once every 6 hours thereafter. Premature infants: 12.5-50mg/kg per day according to body weight in the first week, 1-4 weeks and more than 4 weeks after birth, once every 12 hours, 8 hours and 6 hours respectively, administered by intravenous drip. Renal insufficiency: When the endogenous creatinine clearance rate is 10-50ml/min or less than 10ml/min, the dosing interval should be extended to 6-12 hours and 12-24 hours, respectively. The higher the concentration of ampicillin sodium solution, the worse the stability. At 5°C, 1% ampicillin sodium solution can maintain its biological potency for 7 days, but 5% solution can maintain it for 24 hours. Ampicillin sodium intravenous drip solution with a concentration of 30mg/ml can still maintain at least 90% of its potency after being placed at room temperature for 2-8 hours, and can maintain 90% of its potency for 72 hours when placed in a refrigerator. Stability can be reduced by the presence of glucose, fructose and lactic acid, and also with increasing temperature. For intramuscular injection, 125mg, 500mg and 1g of ampicillin sodium can be dissolved in 0.9-1.2ml, 1.2-1.8ml and 2.4-7.4ml of sterile water for injection, respectively. The concentration of ampicillin sodium intravenous drip should not exceed 30 mg/ml.

The adverse reactions of this product are similar to those of penicillin, with allergic reactions being more common. Rash is the most common reaction, which often occurs 5 days after medication, presenting as urticaria or maculopapular rash; interstitial nephritis may also occur; anaphylactic shock is rare, and once it occurs, it must be rescued on the spot, with measures such as maintaining airway patency, oxygen inhalation, and administration of epinephrine and glucocorticoids. Granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia are occasionally seen in patients taking ampicillin. Antibiotic-related enteritis is rare, and a small number of patients experience elevated serum transaminases. Intravenous administration of large doses of ampicillin may cause neurological toxicity symptoms such as convulsions. Infants may experience increased intracranial pressure after taking ampicillin, manifested as a bulge in the anterior fontanelle.

It is contraindicated in patients with a history of allergy to penicillins or a positive penicillin skin test.

1. Combination with probenecid will prolong the half-life of this product. 2. Ampicillin and kanamycin have synergistic antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli and Proteus. 3. This product should be dripped alone and should not be dripped in the same bottle with the following drugs: aminoglycosides, clindamycin phosphate, lincomycin hydrochloride, polymyxin B, succinic acid chloramphenicol, erythromycin, epinephrine, metaraminol, dopamine, atropine, calcium gluconate, B vitamins, vitamin C, nutritional injections containing amino acids, and hydrocortisone succinate, etc. 4. Allopurinol can increase the incidence of ampicillin rash reactions, especially in hyperuricemia. 5. Ampicillin can stimulate estrogen metabolism or reduce its enterohepatic circulation, thereby reducing the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.

Seal tightly and store in a dry place.

Calculated as C16H19N3O4S 0.5g