99% Pioglitazone White Powder CAS NO 111025-46-8 for sale

Chemical Identity: Pioglitazone (CAS No. 111025-46-8) Description: Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione derivative, also known as an insulin sensitizer. It works by improving insulin sensitivity in the body, leading to better control of blood sugar levels.

Mechanism of Action:

• Pioglitazone acts primarily as an agonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) in target tissues such as adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver.
• Activation of PPAR-γ alters gene expression related to insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and lipid metabolism, resulting in improved glucose utilization and reduced insulin resistance.

Indications:

• Pioglitazone is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic medications such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin.
• It is not indicated for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Dosage Forms:

• Pioglitazone is available in oral tablet form for administration. It may be prescribed in various strengths, typically ranging from 15 mg to 45 mg per tablet.

Dosage and Administration:

• The dosage of pioglitazone is individualized based on factors such as the patient's glycemic control, response to therapy, and tolerability.
• It is usually taken once daily, with or without food. The starting dose is typically 15 mg or 30 mg daily, which may be adjusted based on blood sugar levels.

Adverse Effects:

• Common adverse effects of pioglitazone may include weight gain, edema (fluid retention), headache, dizziness, fatigue, and upper respiratory tract infections.
• Long-term use of pioglitazone may be associated with an increased risk of heart failure, bone fractures, and bladder cancer, although the absolute risk is considered low.

Monitoring:

• Patients receiving pioglitazone therapy should undergo regular monitoring of blood glucose levels, renal function, liver function, and lipid profile.
• Periodic assessment of cardiac function and bone density may also be recommended, particularly in patients at increased risk of heart failure or osteoporosis.

Drug Interactions:

• Pioglitazone may interact with other medications, including insulin secretagogues, oral antidiabetic agents, and drugs that affect cytochrome P450 enzymes.
• Concurrent use of pioglitazone with certain medications may require dose adjustments or close monitoring to prevent potential interactions.

Contraindications:

• Pioglitazone is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to pioglitazone or any component of the formulation.
• It should not be used in patients with severe heart failure, active bladder cancer, or diabetic ketoacidosis.

Pregnancy and Lactation:

• Pioglitazone is not recommended for use during pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus. It should only be used in pregnant women if the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• It is not known whether pioglitazone is excreted in human breast milk. Breastfeeding while taking pioglitazone is not recommended.