BP Standard Levamisole hydrochloride Levamisole HCl CAS 16595-80-5 With Best Price and Fast Delivery

Levamisole hydrochloride More Info

Levamisole hydrochloride is a synthetic imidazothiazole derivative primarily used as an antihelminthic agent. It has also gained recognition for its immunomodulatory properties.

Mechanism of Action

Levamisole acts through two main mechanisms:
Antiparasitic Activity: As a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, levamisole binds to the receptors in the neuromuscular junctions of nematodes (parasitic worms). This binding leads to sustained muscle contraction followed by paralysis, effectively immobilizing the parasites and allowing their expulsion from the host's body15.
Immunomodulatory Effects: Levamisole enhances immune function by stimulating T-cell activation and proliferation, increasing natural killer (NK) cell activity, and promoting the phagocytic activity of macrophages. It mimics thymopoietin, a thymic hormone that regulates immune responses, thereby restoring immune homeostasis in patients with compromised immune systems.

Applications

Levamisole is utilized in various medical contexts:
Anthelmintic Treatment: It is primarily used to treat infections caused by helminths such as ascariasis and hookworm infections.
Adjuvant Cancer Therapy: Levamisole has been used as an adjuvant treatment for colon cancer, particularly in combination with fluorouracil (5-FU) to enhance therapeutic efficacy.
Immunotherapy: Due to its immunomodulatory properties, levamisole has been studied for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and other immune-mediated diseases.

Routes of Administration

Levamisole can be administered through several routes:
Oral Tablets: The most common method for treating parasitic infections in humans.
Topical Formulations: Used in dermatological applications for conditions like warts and certain inflammatory skin diseases.
Injectable Forms: Primarily utilized in veterinary medicine but also applicable in some human treatments.

Safety and Side Effects

Levamisole is generally well tolerated, but it can cause side effects:
Common Side Effects: These include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dizziness, and headache.
Serious Reactions: Long-term use may lead to more severe side effects such as hypersensitivity reactions and hematological disorders (e.g., agranulocytosis) due to its immunosuppressive effects.
Contraindications: Levamisole should be avoided in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the drug or its components and those with pre-existing blood disorders. Caution is warranted for patients with liver disease or autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of levamisole include:
Absorption: Levamisole is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak plasma concentrations typically occurring within 1.5 to 4 hours after administration.
Distribution: It has a volume of distribution that allows it to reach various tissues effectively. Approximately 20-25% of levamisole binds to plasma proteins1.
Metabolism: The drug undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism, producing both active and inactive metabolites. The primary metabolic pathway involves cytochrome P450 enzymes.
Elimination Half-Life: The elimination half-life ranges from 4.4 to 5.6 hours for the parent compound; however, some metabolites may have longer half-lives (up to 16 hours).
Excretion: Levamisole is primarily excreted through the kidneys, with about 70% eliminated over three days; only about 5% is excreted unchanged.

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FAQ

Q1. Can I get a free sample?

We can send you a samll free sample, and you only need to pay for the shipping cost.

Q2. What is the HyperChem payment term?

T/T in advance
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Q3. What is HyperChem shipment policy?

Our policy is to strive for the quickest shipment time possible.

For ready stock samples, they are usually shipped within 3 working days after payment received.
For non-ready stock, please contact HyperChem sales team to negotiate.

Q4. What is HyperChem shipment term?

By Express  
FedEx  UPS  DHL  EMS                               
Fast: 3-7 days around, high cost, door to door service

By Air                                        
Suitable for more than 50kg 
Fast: 3-7 days, hight cost, port to port, professional broker needed 

By Sea
Suitable for more than 500kg      
Fast: 7-45 days, low cost, port to port, professional broker needed 

We will always attempt to utilize the quickest and most affordable way for customers to receive orders. And follow -up with customers via email for all shipment details as well as updated track information until it arrives without damage.

Q5. What HyperChem will provide after shipment?

For sample orders: 
After shipment is done, an timely email including:

1. Track details (Fedex /TNT/DHL/EMS Track number)
2. Packaging photo
3. COA, MSDS, etc
4. Dispatch date & Estimated arriving time
5. Shipping invoice

For commercial orders
A full set of shipment documents as well as package photos can be provided in scan-copy and original, to help customers complete the customs clearance process.

Company Profile

Established in 2013, Hyper Chem has exclusive tie-ups with leading manufacturers, supplying raw materials produced in GMP and ISO 9002 certified facilities, and provides high-quality ingredients and raw materials to cater to the requirements of our diverse range of clients.

Among them, our key client industrial sectors around the global are:

Pharmaceuticals
Nutrition Ingredients/ Dietary supplements
Cosmetic Ingredients
Food Ingredients
Veterinary API
Agriculture fertilizer
Custom Synthesis lab supply

HyperChem provides to its wonderful and honorable clients comprehensive purchasing and distribution services which ensure that we are delivering the right generic, raw, or customized product, make sure that we are delivering it at the right time, ensure that it is delivered in the specified amount, and in the right kind of packaging to clients and customers of all types of industries irrespective of their size of operation.