Sodium carbonate,CAS 497-19-8

Sodium carbonate, Na2C03, also known as soda or soda ash,is the most important of the industrial alkalis. It is a white or grayish-white, lumpy, water-soluble powder that loses its water of crystallization when heated. It decomposes at a temperature of about 852°C (1560°F). It exists in solution only. It is prepared by the combination of carbon dioxide and water.

DryPowder; DryPowder, Liquid; DryPowder, OtherSolid; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals, OtherSolid, Liquid; Liquid; OtherSolid; PelletsLargeCrystals|Colourless crystals or white, granular or crystalline powder; The anhydrous form is hygroscopic, the decahydrate efflorescent|WHITE HYGROSCOPIC POWDER.

Sodium carbonate is an organic sodium salt and a carbonate salt.|Sodium Carbonate is the disodium salt of carbonic acid with alkalinizing property. When dissolved in water, sodium carbonate forms carbonic acid and sodium hydroxide. As a strong base, sodium hydroxide neutralizes gastric acid thereby acting as an antacid.

Sodium carbonate Use and Manufacturing
Methods of Manufacturing
1. ammonia alkali salt (salt) dissolved in water, adding the right amount of lime milk to remove magnesium, into the CO2 to remove calcium. Purified brine into the ammonia gas for ammonia, ammonia absorption in the mother liquor and then carbon dioxide for carbonation, precipitation of sodium bicarbonate, filtered, calcined in sodium carbonate. Lime milk added to the mother liquor, and ammonia for steaming ammonia.2. Alkaline method Ammonia gas through the crystallization of mother liquor for ammonia absorption, ammonia absorption mother liquid and then carbon dioxide through the human body, precipitation of sodium bicarbonate crystals, filtered, calcined soda ash. Mother liquor and then ammonia, precipitation of ammonium chloride crystals, filtered and then add salt, ammonium chloride precipitation of further. Filtration of mother liquor to re-absorb ammonia, so continue to cycle. The reaction method is the same as the ammonia-alkali method. There ammonia-alkali method, the law of alkali, natural alkali processing. The main reaction of ammonia-alkali method is as follows: The process is described as follows: salt dissolved in water, in addition to calcium, magnesium, made of refined salt water (or secondary salt water, the same below). Ammonia brine was added to the second brine to make the ammonia salt water with NaCl concentration above 89 titer and FNH3 to Na + concentration ratio of 1.13-1.18. Oxygen brine is cooled to 35-38 ° C and sent to the carbonation section to react with the compressed carbon dioxide from the lime kiln and the calciner to produce a sodium bicarbonate suspension which flows to the filtration section where sodium carbonate (heavy alkali) crystallizes from Suspension separation, sent to the calcined upper, at about 160 ℃ calcined decomposition, the system of soda products.Filter mother liquor and lime from the lime section of the milk mixture made of harmonic liquid, and in the distillation tower with steam heating steam out of which ammonia for ammonia absorption of salt water recycling. Alkali combined with alkali production process is divided into alkali process (also known as I process) and ammonium production process (also known as II process), co-production of soda ash and ammonium chloride, mother liquor in the two processes constitute a closed cycle. The main reaction with the same ammonia-base method. The process flow is summarized as follows: the original salt (sodium chloride) washed with saturated brine to remove calcium and magnesium impurities, and then crushed, washed, thick, separated to meet the required purity (with NaCl ≥ 98%), 10 ~ 20 mesh) of salt washing, sent to the salting-out mold. From the salinization mold overflow mother liquor Ⅱ in the absorption of ammonia ammonia ammonia into the mother liquor, after clarification into carbonization tower carbon dioxide (carbonation) made of sodium bicarbonate suspension, sodium bicarbonate suspension by Filtering to obtain solid sodium bicarbonate, and then calcined to be soda products. The mother liquor (mother liquor I) after filtering heavy alkali is made into ammonia mother liquor I by the ammonia absorption, and the heat exchanger is heated with the mother liquid II, and then cooled and sent to the cold crystallizing mold to pass through the outer cooler and the cooling medium (brine) And the refrigerant (liquid ammonia) directly to heat exchange, 5 ~ 10 ℃ in the conditions of cooling part of ammonium chloride precipitation.Cold mold crystallizer overflow liquid (semi-mother liquid Ⅱ) into the salting-out mold, add salt and then precipitate some ammonium chloride. By the cold and salting out of the mold out of the ammonium chloride suspension by thick, isolated, get wet ammonium chloride, dry ammonium chloride furnace to send the product is ammonium chloride. Salt crystallization mold overflow fluid (mother liquor Ⅱ) and ammonia mother liquid heat exchanger after ammonia ammonia ammonia solution, and then sent to the carbonation tower alkali. This continuous cycle, continue to produce soda ash and ammonium chloride two products.3. Trona soda process This method is based on sesquiterine as raw materials to produce soda ash method. The United States part of the trona processing plant used. Ore crushed to about 20 mesh (O.8mm) into the dissolution tank, dissolved with the circulating mother liquor into a saturated solution, clarified into the clarifier to clarify the bottom of the flow to send thickener, add water to wash the sludge in the recovery of alkali, The liquid is filtered and sent to a three-effect evaporator to evaporate. The crystal slurry taken out from the third-effect evaporator is sent to a thicker by a pump and then centrifugally dehydrated to obtain sodium sesquicarbonate cake, and soda ash is obtained by calcining.A water carbon process This method is to sesquipose as raw material for the production of soda ash method, the product quality is better than half the alkali process, the United States most of the trona processing plant used. Ore crushed to6 mm or so, sent calciner, calcined at about 150 ℃, most of the crude soda ash ore, into the dissolution tank, dissolved in slightly below 100 ℃ conditions, clarification sent to three-effect evaporator, steamed concentrated suspension Alkali separation to get a sodium carbonate monohydrate, sent to the desiccator drying was heavy soda ash. Carbonation of the Act is the natural alkali halogen as raw material production methods, such as China's Dabusu trona processing used. Trona dissolved or dissolved in water after the alkali halide was clarified, preheated carbon dioxide after carbonation, and then by filtration, calcined that was soda products. The 20th century, the successful development of the mid-80 amination of carbonation method, will soon be refined after the absorption of alkali nitrogen carbonation, after the same process.Ammoniated carbonation method and direct carbonation compared to sodium utilization rate can be increased from 25% to 65% to 70%. Trona evaporation method Tincture is obtained by dissolving the natural alkali ore or trona extracted from the alkaline lake, refining, separating, preheating, evaporating, separating and calcining. Sodium carbonate synthesis of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate dissolved in the steam, precipitation after removal of impurities, the reaction of carbon dioxide to a certain concentration, and then by distillation, cooling, crystallization was sesquicarbonite, The natural alkali method takes trona as raw material to dissolve by steam, clarify and purify impurities, and the clear liquid contains sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate and sodium sulphate and other components, and carbonization of part of Na2CO3 to NaHCO3 by carbonization of kiln gas, evaporating and precipitation at 60 DEG C To produce the corresponding compound, and separate and obtain the product of sodium sesquicarbonate.Mother liquor and then evaporation can be precipitated Glauber's salt alkali. The reaction of the trip type: At present, China are using ammonia or alkaline method of direct manufacturing edible soda ash. In the production of light soda ash process, to increase the removal of arsenic and heavy metal impurities in the refining process. Other processes see industrial sodium carbonate.4. Take industrial anhydrous sodium carbonate as raw material, stir 0.4% sodium hydroxide solution to density of 1.28 ~ 1.30, insulation 10h, so that iron hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide fully precipitated, filtered to precipitate, In the filtrate slowly into the wash of carbon dioxide to neutralize excess sodium hydroxide, to generate sodium bicarbonate, evaporation crystallization, crystalline sodium carbonate, 560 ~ 580 ° C roasting dehydration, in anhydrous sodium carbonate reagent . If the obtained intermediate product sodium carbonate is redissolved, filtered, recrystallized once, and after calcination, an analytical grade or superior grade pure reagent can be obtained. 5. Deionized water was first placed in a stainless steel bucket, and the anhydrous sodium carbonate (2.5 parts of sodium carbonate) was slowly added under constant stirring. Thereafter, the mixture was heated to 60 ° C, and the whole was dissolved and filtered. Colorless transparent filtrate standing cooling crystallization (often stirring to get small particles, easy to dry), the crystallization of sodium carbonate. Centrifugal dehydration, check the Il-ion content of qualified (if too high, with cold deionized water washing), into a stainless steel tank, heated to melt a small particle of monohydrate and dihydrate precipitation (white powder) Remove and dry. After drying the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium carbonate, into the dryer, dried at about 110 ℃, in anhydrous sodium carbonate.

Uses

In production and life, sodium carbonate is used to make noodles, sodium hydroxide, etc., or as a formula for various detergents. It is used as a softener for water purification. In industrial soda ash, mainly light industry, building materials, chemical industry, accounting for about 2/3; followed by metallurgy, textiles, petroleum, national defense, medicine and other industries. In metallurgical industry, it is used as smelting flux and flotation agent for beneficiation, steelmaking and antimony smelting are used as desulfurization agent. Used as water softener in printing and dyeing industry. The leather industry is used for degreasing raw hides, neutralizing chrome tanned leather and improving the alkalinity of chrome tanning liquor.