Pyridine/Pharmaceutical Grade | high Purity/ COAS 110-86-1

Pyridine
CAS NO.: 110‑86‑1
Properties
Melting Point: -42 °C (lit.)
Boiling Point: 115 °C (lit.)
Density: 0.978 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
Vapor Density: 2.72 (vs air)
Vapor Pressure: 23.8 mm Hg (25 °C)
Refractive Index: n20/D 1.509(lit.)
FEMA: 2966 | PYRIDINE
Flash Point: 68 °F
Storage Condition: Store at +5°C to +30°C.
Solubility: Miscible with water
Form: Liquid
pKa: 5.25 (at 25℃)
Color: Colorless
Odor: Fish‑like, nauseating odor detectable at 0.23‑1.9 ppm (average=0.66 ppm)
Relative Polarity: 0.302
pH Value: 8.81 (H₂O, 20℃)
Explosive Limit: 12.4%
Odor Threshold: 0.063 ppm
Biological Source: synthetic
Water Solubility: Miscible
Solidifying Point: -42℃
Thermal Conductivity: 0.162 W/(m·K) at 25 ℃
Specific Heat Capacity Cp(liquid): 1.68 J/(g·K), at 25℃
λmax:
λ: 305 nm Amax: 1.00
λ: 315 nm Amax: 0.15
λ: 335 nm Amax: 0.02
λ: 350‑400 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck Number:14,7970
BRN:103233
Henry's Law Constant:18.4 at 30 °C
Dielectric Constant:12.5 (20℃)
Exposure Limits:
ACGIH: TLV‑TWA 1 ppm (3.1 mg/m³)
OSHA: PEL‑TWA 5 ppm (15 mg/m³)
NIOSH: REL‑TWA 5 ppm
Stability: Stable. Flammable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.
InChI:1S/C5H5N/c1‑2‑4‑6‑5‑3‑1/h1‑5H
InChIKey: JUJWROOIHBZHMG‑UHFFFAOYSA‑N
SMILES: C1=CN=CC=C1
LogP:0.64 at 20℃
Surface Tension:38 mN/m at 20°C
Description
Pyridine is a typical nitrogen‑containing six‑membered aromatic heterocyclic compound. It is a colorless liquid with characteristic fish‑like odor. It is miscible with water, ethanol, ether and most organic solvents, and serves as a widely‑used polar solvent for chemical processes.
The pyridine ring presents π‑deficient aromatic characteristics. Electrophilic substitution reactions mainly occur at 3‑,5‑positions, while nucleophilic substitution may take place at 2‑,4‑,6‑positions. It behaves as a weak organic base due to the lone electron pair on nitrogen atom.
Applications
Pyridine is a fundamental heterocyclic intermediate widely applied in fine‑chemical industry.
Organic Synthesis & Solvent: Used as polar solvent, acid scavenger and reaction reagent for organic synthesis. Anhydrous pyridine can be prepared by reflux with alkali metals followed by distillation under moisture‑free environment.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Serves as building‑block core structure for multiple pharmaceutical intermediates.
Agrochemical Industry: Key raw‑material for manufacturing various pyridine‑series agrochemical intermediates, including herbicides and insecticide intermediates.
Other fields: Applied as denaturant, dyeing assistant, raw material for adhesives, daily‑use chemical additives and synthetic rubber raw materials. It is also used in photoelectric‑related chemical research.