Product Overview

Benzoyl chloride is an organic compound with the molecular formula C₇H₅ClO and molecular weight of 140.57 g/mol. This colorless to light yellow liquid is one of the most widely used acylating agents in organic synthesis. The compound features an acyl chloride group attached to a benzene ring.

Synthetic Process

• Chlorination: Benzoic acid is reacted with thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride, or phosphorus trichloride to form benzoyl chloride

• Purification: The crude product is purified by fractional distillation

• Quality Control: The final product is analyzed to ensure ≥99.0% purity by GC

Mechanism of Action

• Acylating Agent: The acid chloride reacts with nucleophiles (amines, alcohols) to form amides and esters

• Friedel-Crafts Acylation: Used for the introduction of benzoyl groups onto aromatic rings

• Schotten-Baumann Reaction: Used for the acylation of amines under basic conditions

Research Applications & Market Significance

• Pharmaceutical Research: Building block for drug discovery programs

• Organic Synthesis: Key reagent for the preparation of benzoyl derivatives

• Agrochemical Synthesis: Intermediate for pesticide development

• Polymer Chemistry: Used in the preparation of specialty polymers

Quality Specifications

• Purity: ≥99.0% determined by GC

• Boiling point: 197-199°C

• Density: 1.211 g/mL at 25°C

• Refractive index: n²⁰/D 1.553

• Flash point: 72°C

• Storage: 2-8°C, sealed, protected from moisture

• Stable for 24 months when properly stored

Packaging & Shipping

• Research quantities: 100mL, 500mL amber glass bottles

• Bulk quantities: 1L, 2.5L amber glass bottles

• Shipped at ambient temperature under inert atmosphere