Etrimfos

292.29

292.29

253-855-9

XHX5LWR4ME

DTXSID7041964

Colorless oil

2933599011

94.8

2.98440

1.195 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-3.35 °C

352.6ºC at 760mmHg

>100 °C

1.528

40 mg l -1 (23-24 °C)

APPROX 4°C

6.5 x 10 -3 Pa (24 °C)

LD50 in male rats, mice (mg/kg): 1800, 437 orally; LC50 in carp (mg/l): 13.6 (48 hr); 13.3 (96 hr) (Knutti)

Slight characteristic odor

Compatible with most other insecticides and fungicides, except those which are strongly alkaline.

UN30829/PG3

3

22-50/53

60-61

TF8350000

Xn,N

It is unstable in its pure form, but dilute solutions in nonpolar solvents and its formulations are stable (shelf life at 20 deg C: about 2 yr).

P273-P280-P301 + P312 + P330-P302 + P352 + P312-P391-P501

H302-H311-H410

Tafuri J, Roberts J; Organophosphate Poisoning; Ann Emerg Med 16 (2): 193-202 (1987)

|Warning|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P273, P301+P312, P330, P391, and P501|Danger|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P264, P270, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P312, P322, P330, P361, P363, P391, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 41 companies from 2 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

An estimated 290-1800 kg of etrimfos was accidentally discharged to the Rhine River during a fire at a chemical storehouse in Switzerland on Nov 1, 1986(1).

ANTICHOLINESTERASE (ORGANOPHOSPHORUS) INSECTICIDES ANTAGONIZE POLARIZING MUSCLE RELAXANTS. PHENOTHIAZINES /AND THIOXANTHENES/: ... MAY ENHANCE TOXIC EFFECTS OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDES. /INSECTICIDES, ORGANOPHOSPHORUS/

LD50 Rat (male) oral 1800 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 437 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral 1600-1800 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 470-620 mg/kg|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for ETRIMFOS (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Etrimfos's use as broad-range non-systemic insecticide(1-2) releases the compound directly to the environment through applications in sprays, dusts and granules(1,SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Etrimfos degrades readily in soil through hydrolytic and biochemical processes(1-2). It is rapidly metabolized in plants, animals and soil to 6-ethoxy-2-ethylpyrimidin-4-ol (EEHP), small amounts of 2-ethylpyrimidine-4,6-diol and other hydroxylated derivatives(1); traces of the P=O analog may also be formed(1-2). In soil, there is a rapid degradation to EEHP and further to volatile fragments, including CO2(1-2). The half-life in soil is typically 3-8 days(1). Estimated Koc values of 202 and 570 suggest that etrimfos has medium to low soil mobility(3-5).|AQUATIC FATE: Etrimfos is expected to degrade readily in water through hydrolysis and biodegradation. It hydrolyzes in water with a half-life of 14-16 days at pH6-pH9 and 25 °C(1-2). Although specific biodegradation data are not available, etrimfos is expected to biodegrade readily in natural water based upon data for similar phosphate esters(3). Following an accidental spill of etrimfos into the Rhine River, one computer model predicted that etrimfos would have a residence time of 23 days in the Rhine(3). Bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is not expected to be important; etrimfos is rapidly metabolized in plants and animals to 6-ethoxy-2-ethylpyrimidin-4-ol (EEHP), small amounts of 2-ethylpyrimidine-4,6-diol and other hydroxylated derivatives(1); traces of the P=O analog may also be formed(1-2). Volatilization from water has minor importance(3,SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based upon a vapor pressure of 6.45X10-5 mm Hg at 20 °C(1), etrimfos can exist in both the vapor and particulate-phases in the ambient atmosphere, although the vapor-phase can be expected to dominate(2,SRC). It will degrade rapidly in the vapor-phase by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals with an estimated half-life of 4.8 hr(3,SRC). Particulate-phase etrimfos and aerosols released to air during spray applications of etrimfos insecticide will be removed from air physically by dry and wet deposition(SRC).|In soil, 50% loss of etrimfos occurs in ca 3-8 days. The principal degradation products are 6-ethoxy-2-ethylpyrimidin-4-ol, small amounts of 2-ethylpyrimidine-4,6-diol and other hydroxylated derivatives, and carbon dioxide.

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of etrimfos with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated to be 7.96X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C which corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 4.8 days at an atmospheric concn of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1,SRC). At 25 °C, etrimfos undergoes a 50% aqueous hydrolysis loss in 0.4 days at pH3, 16 days at pH6, and 14 days at pH9(2-3). Etrimfos is reported to be highly stable to light and stable when stored in non-polar solvents(2-3).

Based upon a reported water solubility of 40 mg/L(1), the BCF for etrimfos can be estimated to be 77 from a recommended regression-derived equation(2,SRC). This BCF value suggests that bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is not important(SRC).

Based upon a reported water solubility of 40 mg/L at 23 °C(1), the Koc for etrimfos can be estimated to be about 570 from a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indexes, the Koc for etrimfos can be estimated to be 202(3,SRC). According to a suggested classification scheme(4), these estimated Koc values suggest that etrimfos has medium to low mobility in soil(SRC). Following an accidental spill of etrimfos into the Rhine River in Switzerland (estimated discharge of 290-1800 kg), monitoring suggested that etrimfos did not strongly adsorb in sediment and particles in the water(4).

Based upon a water solubility of 40 mg/L and a vapor pressure of 6.45X10-5 mm Hg at 20 °C(1), the Henry's Law constant for etrimfos can be estimated to be 6.2X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC). This value of Henry's Law constant suggests that a compound volatilizes slowly from water(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep flowing 1 m/sec with a wind velocity of 3 m/sec) can be estimated to be about 101 days(2,SRC). Volatilization half-life from an model environmental pond (2 meters deep) can be estimated to exceed 4 yrs(3,SRC).

An etrimfos concn of 50 ug/L was detected in the Rhine River on Nov 1, 1986 at Village-Neuf, Switzerland which was located a short distance downstream from an accidental spill of etrimfos (estimated discharge of 290-1800 kg) from a chemical storehouse on the same day(1).

Occupational exposure to etrimfos occurs through dermal contact and inhalation of dust, especially to workers applying the compound as an insecticide(1).

Most organophosphate compounds are ... absorbed from skin, conjunctiva, gastrointestinal tract, & lung. /Organophosphate compounds/|The rate of dermal absorption /of organophosphorus pesticides/ may be ... influenced by the solvent used. /Organophosphorus pesticides/|... The organophosphorus insecticides are, in contrast to the chlorinated insecticides, rapidly metabolized & excreted and are not appreciably stored in body tissues. /Organophosphorus insecticides/|Many of the organophosphorus insecticides are excreted in the milk ... . /Organophosphorus insecticides/|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for ETRIMFOS (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Plasma & tissue enzymes are responsible for hydrolysis /of organophosphorus compounds/ to the corresponding phosphoric & phosphonic acids. However, oxidative enzymes are also involved in the metabolism of some organophosphorus compounds. /Anticholinesterase agents/|The organophosphorus anticholinesterase agents are hydrolyzed in the body by a group of enzymes known as A-esterases or paroxonase. The enzymes are found in plasma and in the hepatic endoplasmic reticulum & can hydrolyze a large number of organophosphorus compounds ... by splitting the anhydride, P-F, P-CN, or ester bond. /Anticholinesterase agents/|These chemicals are detoxified by cytochrome p450-mediated monooxygenases in the liver, but some metabolites are more toxic than parent cmpd ... Metabolites usually are detected from 12 to 48 hr postexposure. /Organophosphate cmpd/|When etrimfos was administered to rats, most of the material was excreted in the urine. Five compounds, free and conjugated, were observed: 6-ethoxy-2-ethyl-4- hydroxypyrimidine; 2-ethyl-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine; 6-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-2-(1- hydroxyethyl)pyrimidine; 6-ethoxy-4-hydroxy-2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)pyrimidine; and 2-ethyl-4-hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxyethoxy)pyrimidine. In urine of goats administered etrimfos, only the first three compounds above were observed.|For more Metabolism/Metabolites (Complete) data for ETRIMFOS (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Organophosphorus derivatives act by combining with and inactivating the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). ... The inactivation of cholinesterase by cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides allows the accumulation of large amounts of acetylcholine, with resultant widespread effects that may be ... separated into 4 categories: (1) Potentiation of postganglionic parasympathetic activity. ... (2) Persistent depolarization of skeletal muscle ... (3) Initial stimulation following depression of cells of central nervous system ... (4) Variable ganglionic stimulation or blockade ... /Cholinesterase inhibitor pesticides/|The main feature of the toxic mechanism of organophosphorus pesticides is inhibition of the esterase enzyme activity, in particular of cholinesterase, which plays an important physiological part. Organophosphorus pesticides can also indirectly interact with the biochemical receptors of acetylcholine. /Organophosphorus pesticides/|Non-systemic insecticide and acaricide with contact and stomach action. Cholinesterase inhibitor.

1. ESTABLISH CLEAR AIRWAY BY ASPIRATION OF SECRETIONS. ADMIN OXYGEN BY MECHANICALLY ASSISTED PULMONARY VENTILATION. IMPROVE TISSUE OXYGENATION AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE BEFORE ADMIN ATROPINE TO MINIMIZE RISK OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION. 2. ADMIN ATROPINE SULFATE IV, OR IM IF IV INJECTION IS NOT POSSIBLE. ... IN MODERATELY SEVERE POISONING: ADULT DOSAGE, INCL CHILDREN OVER 12 YR: 0.4-2.0 MG REPEATED EVERY 15-30 MIN UNTIL ATROPINIZATION ... ACHIEVED: TACHYCARDIA (PULSE OF 140/MIN), FLUSHING, DRY MOUTH, DILATED PUPILS). MAINTAIN ATROPINIZATION BY REPEATED DOSES FOR 2-12 HR OR LONGER DEPENDING ON SEVERITY OF POISONING. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/|2. IN MODERATELY SEVERE POISONING: DOSAGE /OF ATROPINE/ FOR CHILDREN UNDER 12 YR: 0.05 MG/KG BODY WT REPEATED EVERY 15 MIN UNTIL ATROPINIZATION IS ACHIEVED. MAINTAIN ATROPINIZATION WITH REPEATED DOSAGE OF 0.02-0.05 MG/KG. SEVERELY POISONED INDIVIDUALS MAY EXHIBIT ... TOLERANCE TO ATROPINE; TWO OR MORE TIMES THE DOSAGES SUGGESTED ABOVE MAY BE NEEDED. PERSONS NOT POISONED OR ONLY SLIGHTLY POISONED, HOWEVER, MAY DEVELOP SIGNS OF ATROPINE TOXICITY FROM SUCH LARGE DOSAGES: FEVER, MUSCLE FIBRILLATIONS, & DELIRIUM ... IF THESE SIGNS APPEAR PATIENT IS FULLY ATROPINIZED, ATROPINE ADMIN SHOULD BE DISCONTINUED, AT LEAST TEMPORARILY. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/|3. DRAW BLOOD SAMPLE FOR PLASMA & RBC CHOLINESTERASE ANALYSIS. 4. ADMIN PRALIDOXIME (PROTOPAM-AYERST, 2-PAM) IN CASES OF SEVERE POISONING ... IN WHICH RESP DEPRESSION, MUSCLE WEAKNESS & TWITCHINGS ARE SEVERE. ... ADULT DOSAGE (INCL CHILDREN OVER 12): GIVE 1.0 G IV @ NO MORE THAN 0.5 G/MIN. CHILD'S DOSE (UNDER 12 YR): GIVE 20-30 MG/KG (DEPENDING ON SEVERITY) IV, INJECTING NO MORE THAN HALF TOTAL DOSE/MIN. DOSAGE ... MAY BE REPEATED IN 1-2 HR, THEN @ 10-12 HR INTERVAL IF NEEDED. IN VERY SEVERE POISONINGS, DOSAGE ... MAY BE DOUBLED. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/|4. CAUTION: BE PREPD TO ASSIST PULMONARY VENTILATION IF RESP ... DEPRESSED ... 5. OBSERVE PATIENT CLOSELY ... @ LEAST 24 HR TO INSURE THAT SYMPTOMS (SWEATING, VISUAL DISTURBANCES, VOMITING, DIARRHEA, CHEST & ABDOMINAL DISTRESS & SOMETIMES PULMONARY EDEMA) DO NOT OCCUR AS ATROPINIZATION WEARS OFF. IN VERY SEVERE POISONINGS BY ... /INGESTION/ METABOLIC DISPOSITION OF TOXICANT MAY REQUIRE AS MANY AS 5-10 DAYS, DURING WHICH ATROPINIZATION MUST BE MAINTAINED. ... 6. BATHE & SHAMPOO ... WITH SOAP & WATER IF THERE IS ANY CHANCE THAT SKIN & HAIR...CONTAMINATED. 7. IF ... INGESTED /& POISONING OCCURS/ ... EMPTY STOMACH & INTESTINE. A. IF VICTIM ... ALERT & RESP ... NOT DEPRESSED, GIVE SYRUP OF IPECAC ... TO INDUCE VOMITING: ADULT (12 YR & OVER): 30 ML; CHILDREN UNDER 12 YR: 15 ML. /ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES/|For more Antidote and Emergency Treatment (Complete) data for ETRIMFOS (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

All the organophosphorus insecticides have a cumulative effect by progressive inhibition of cholinesterase ... /Organophosphorus insecticides/|The symptoms of chronic poisoning due to organophosphorus pesticides include headache, weakness, feeling of heaviness in head, decline of memory, quick onset of fatigue, disturbed sleep, loss of appetite, & loss of orientation. Psychic disorders, nystagmus, trembling of the hands & other nervous system disorders can be observed in certain cases. Sometimes neuritis, paresis & paralysis develop. /Organophosphorus pesticides/|Organophosphorus cmpd can produce dermal irritation but most are weak sensitizers. /Organophosphate cmpd/|Toxic effects may include anorexia, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, incontinence, eye changes, weakness, dyspnea, bronchospasm, lacrimation, increased salivation & sweating, bradycardia, hypotension or hypertension due to asphyxia, cyanosis, & muscular twitching of the eyelids, tongue, face, & neck, possibly progressing to convulsions. Central nervous system symptoms include restlessness, anxiety, dizziness, drowsiness, tremor, ataxia, depression, confusion, & coma. Death may occur from depression of the respiratory or cardiovascular system. Neuropathy appears to be a rare problem with the organophosphorus insecticides now in use. /Organophosphorus insecticides/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for ETRIMFOS (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Ekamet

Emulsifiable concentrate; granules; ultra-low volume liquid; dustable powder.|Ekamet, emulsifiable concentrate (500 g/kg), granules (50 g/kg), dustable powder (10 or 20 g/kg), oil spray (50 g/kg); Ekamet ultra-low volume (400 g/l); Satisfar (520 g/l); Satisfar DP-2, dsut (20 g/kg); Satisfar LS 3, Satisfar LS 5 (30 or 50 g/l).

Product analysis is by gas liquid chromatography or by paper chromatography, followed by combustion and subsequent determination of phosphate by standard methods. Residues may be determined by gas liquid chromatography.|Analysis of products of gas liquid chromatography with flame ionization detector, or colorimetric determination of phosphorus after combustion.|Analysis of residues by gas liquid chromatography with flame ionization detector.

Agrochemicals -> Acaricides, Insecticides|Pharmaceuticals