Cyhexatin

385.17

385.17

236-049-1

8YJV11QB4R

179742

2811

DTXSID1032357

White crystalline powder

2902199090

1

5.44

Colorless to white, nearly odorless, crystalline powder

196 °C

442°F (Decomposes)

>100 °C

Insoluble

0-6°C

3×10 -7 Pa (20 °C)

Oral-rat LD50: 180 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 275 mg/kg

Thermal decomposition of toxic tin-containing gas

Nearly odorless

No rapid reaction with air No rapid reaction with water

Salts, Basic

CYHEXATIN is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Soluble in some organic solvents (acetone 1.3 g/L; xylenes 3.6 g/L; carbon tetrachloride 28 g/L; dichloromethane 34 g/L). Stable in aqueous suspensions in neutral and alkaline pH (above pH 6), but reacts exothermically as a base in the presence of strong acids to form salts. Converts to dicyclohexyltin oxide and further to cyclohexylstannoic acid upon exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

III

6.1(b)

UN 2811

20/21/22-50/53-25-21-20

13-60-61-45

WH8750000

Xn;N,N,Xn,T

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food materials

STABLE TO 100 DEG C IN AQUEOUS SUSPENSIONS FROM SLIGHTLY ACID (PH 6) TO ALKALINE; DEGRADED BY U.V. LIGHT.

P261-P273-P301 + P310 + P330-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P391

H301-H312 + H332-H410

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Strong oxidizers, ultraviolet light.|Should not be applied in combination with wetting agents.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Some are oxidizers and may ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. For electric vehicles or equipment, ERG Guide 147 (lithium ion batteries) or ERG Guide 138 (sodium batteries) should also be consulted. (ERG, 2016)

|Warning|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P312, P322, P330, P363, P391, and P501|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 200 companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|Danger|P260, P261, P262, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P350, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P361, P362, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: SMALL FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. LARGE FIRE: Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire-control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 154 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: No recommendation is made specifying the need for eye protection. Wash skin: The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed and replaced. Change: Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premise. (NIOSH, 2016)|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 3.2 mg/cu m. Respirator Class(es): Any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with a dust and mist filter. Any supplied-air respirator.|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 8 mg/cu m. Respirator Class(es): Any supplied-air respirator operated in a continuous flow mode. Any powered, air-purifying respirator with organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with a dust and mist filter.|Recommendations for respirator selection. Max concn for use: 16 mg/cu m. Respirator Class(es): Any chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with a high-efficiency particulate filter. Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted organic vapor canister having a high-efficiency particulate filter. Any powered, air-purifying respirator with a tight-fitting facepiece and organic vapor cartridge(s) in combination with a high-efficiency particulate filter. Any supplied-air respirator that has a tight-fitting facepiece and is operated in a continuous-flow mode. Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece. Any supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece.|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

Keep out of reach of children. Keep away from living quarters. Keep away from food, drink & animal feeding stuffs.|The worker should immediately wash the skin when it becomes contaminated.|Work clothing that becomes wet or significantly contaminated should be removed or replaced.|Workers whose clothing may have become contaminated should change into uncontaminated clothing before leaving the work premises.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 hr Time-Weighted avg: 5 mg/cu m

highly toxic

LD50 Rat oral 190 mg/kg|LD50 Rat intraperitoneal 13 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit percutaneous >2000 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit oral 500-1000 mg/kg|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide's former(2) use as an acaricide(1) resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC). Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide's former(2) production may have resulted in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value of >4365(2), indicates that tricyclohexyltin hydroxide is expected to have slight mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process since tricyclohexyltin hydroxide will dissociate in water to the tricyclohexyltin cation and ions will not volatilize(SRC). Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 2X10-9 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3). The field half-life for tricyclohexyltin hydroxide is reported to be 50 days(2). Biodegradation in soil is not expected to be an important environmental fate process as evidenced by the lack of dicyclohexyl and monocyclohexyl degradation products in soils under aerobic or anaerobic conditions(4).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), a Koc value of >4365(2), indicates that tricyclohexyltin hydroxide is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water is not expected to be an important fate process since tricyclohexyltin hydroxide will dissociate in water to the tricyclohexyltin cation and ions will not volatilize(SRC). According to a classification scheme(3), a BCF range of 5-112(4,5), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low-to-moderate(SRC). Biodegradation in water is not expected to be an important environmental fate process as evidenced by the lack of dicyclohexyl and monocyclohexyl degradation products in soils under aerobic or anaerobic conditions(6).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), tricyclohexyltin hydroxide, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 2X10-9 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist solely in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere(3). Particulate-phase tricyclohexyltin hydroxide may be removed from the air by wet and dry deposition(SRC). Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide may undergo direct photolysis. 65% and 96% photodegradation was observed after 8-10 and 30 hours of irradiation, respectively(4). The observed products of photodegradation included inorganic tin compounds, dicyclohexyltin oxide, cyclohexylstannoic acid, and unchanged tricyclohexyltin hydroxide(4).

TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE RAPIDLY UNDERGOES PHOTODECOMPOSITION, THE MAIN PRODUCTS BEING INORGANIC TIN (80%) WITH TRACES OF DICYCLOHEXYLTIN OXIDE, CYCLOHEXYLSTANNIC ACID, AND TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE UNCHANGED. THE LONGER THE EXPOSURE AND THE MORE INTENSE THE LIGHT, THE MORE TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE WILL BE DECOMPOSED.|The half-life for tricyclohexyltin hydroxide on the surface of fruits is approx 20 days, the degradation purportedly due mainly to photolysis(1). Degradation proceeds to inorganic tin through the isolated intermediates, dicyclohexyltin oxide and cyclohexylstannoic acid(1). The half-life for disappearance of tricyclohexyltin hydroxide from soil has been estimated to be approx 50 days in soil following the spraying of the insecticide in an orchard in spring in a field study(1). No attempt was made to determine the relative contributions to degradation from biodegradation, soil catalyzed degradation, and photolysis on the soil surface(1). Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide may dissociate to a certain extent into tricyclohexyltin and hydroxide in solution and may exist as or be rapidly converted to oxides or carbonates(2) which may affect the chemical's reactivity and transport processes(SRC). Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide coated on pyrex glass slides was observed to rapidly photodegrade when irradiated with a sunlamp(3). 65% and 96% photodegradation was observed after 8-10 and 30 hours of irradiation, respectively(3). The observed products of photodegradation included inorganic tin compounds (80%), dicyclohexyltin oxide (10%), cyclohexylstannoic acid (5%), and unchanged tricyclohexyltin hydroxide (4%)(3). The presence of waxy material from the surface of apples did not have an observable effect on the photodegradation(3).

An experimental BCF of 5 has been determined for tricyclohexyltin hydroxide in static ecosystems tests using an unreported species of fish(1). The BCFs in crucian carp obtained in a 7-day experiment were 50(muscle), 50 (vertebra); 112 (liver); and 31 (kidney)(2). According to a classification scheme(3), these BCF values suggest the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC).

The Koc for tricyclohexyltin hydroxide is >4365(1). According to a classification scheme(2), this Koc value suggests that tricyclohexyltin hydroxide is expected to be immobile in soil. Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide appears to be strongly bound to soil based on a field experiment in which 90% of the cyclohexyltin compounds found in the soil of an orchard sprayed with a tricyclohexyltin hydroxide formulation was present in the uppermost 1 cm layer of the soil(3).

Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process since tricyclohexyltin hydroxide will dissociate in water to the tricyclohexyltin cation and ions will not volatilize(SRC). Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a an estimated vapor pressure of 2X10-9 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(1).

After the multiple application of tricyclohexyltin hydroxide to apples and pears, the mean fruit concn of tin was 0.3 mg/kg, and a maximum below 2.0 mg/kg. The miticide decomposed with a half-time of 3 weeks, and most could be removed by washing and peeling.|Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide was detected in 142 of 19,851 samples of various foods and animal feeds analyzed from Oct 1981 to Sept 1986; the numbers of samples found at various concn ranges were as follows: 11 samples at >0.05 to 0.10 ppm; 49 samples at >0.10 to 0.50 ppm; 27 samples at >0.50 to 1.0 ppm; 26 samples at >2.0 ppm(1).|The concn of tricyclohexyltin hydroxide in produce like tomatoes, cucumbers and bell peppers grown in green houses were unlikely to exceed 0.5 mg/kg(1). Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide residues were found in raw agricultural commodities by the US FDA during regulator monitoring in 1978-1982(2) and 1983-1986(3). During each of these periods about 49,000 samples were analyzed. Similarly tricyclohexltin hydroxide residues were found in food samples collected and analyzed by 10 state food laboratories in 1988 and 1989 (27,000 samples)(4). The number of samples containing residues and the concn found in these studies were not reported.

Occupational exposure to tricyclohexyltin hydroxide may have occurred through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where tricyclohexyltin hydroxide was produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to tricyclohexyltin hydroxide via ingestion of contaminated food. (SRC)

Pesticides designed to control insects that are harmful to man. The insects may be directly harmful, as those acting as disease vectors, or indirectly harmful, as destroyers of crops, food products, or textile fabrics. (See all compounds classified as Insecticides.)

IN METABOLIC STUDY IN RATS GIVEN 25 MG/KG (119)TIN LABELED TRICYCLOHEXYLHYDROXYTIN ORALLY, ALMOST ALL RADIOACTIVITY WAS RECOVERED IN THE URINE & FECES DURING A 9 DAY PERIOD WITH ABOUT 80% IN THE FIRST 4 DAYS, THE FECES CONTAINING 98%, & THE URINE 2%.|(119)TIN LABELED TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE ADMIN ORALLY TO RATS WAS 99.9% EXCRETED AFTER 9 DAYS, MOSTLY BY WAY OF THE FECES. AFTER ORAL ADMIN OF DIET CONTAINING 100 PPM TO RATS FOR APPROX 90 DAYS, THE LOWEST TIN LEVELS WERE IN THE BLOOD AND FAT AND THE HIGHEST IN THE KIDNEYS. TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE WAS THE PRIMARY TIN COMPOUND IN MUSCLE TISSUE 2 DAYS AFTER WITHDRAWAL OF PLICTRAN FROM THE DIET.

ANALYSIS FOR METABOLITES IN TISSUE /RATS/ THAT HAD BEEN ON DIETARY LEVEL OF 3 MG/KG /TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE/ FOR 90 DAYS SHOWED 45% OF THE TOTAL TIN TO BE IN FORM OF THE ORIGINAL CMPD IN THE LIVER WITH ONLY SLIGHTLY GREATER AMT FOUND AS METABOLIZED PRODUCTS, DICYCLOHEXYL TIN OXIDE AND INORGANIC TIN.|PLICTRAN YIELDS PRODUCTS WITH THE ANTICIPATED CHROMATOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES FOR 2-, 3-, & 4-HYDROXYCYCLOHEXYLDICYCLOHEXYLTIN DERIVATIVES. THE 2-HYDROXY METABOLITE IS READILY DEGRADED TO CYCLOHEXANE & DICYCLOHEXYLTIN COMPOUNDS.|When (114)tin-tricyclohexyltin hydroxide was given as single oral doses to rats, dogs, cattle & sheep, the label was excreted almost entirely in feces. Only traces of residues occurred in tissues. Evidence indicated that such metabolism as did occur converted this compound by sequential removal of cyclohexyl groups to dicyclohexyltin oxide, cyclohexylstannoic acid, & to inorganic tin.

Exposure Routes: inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact Symptoms: Irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; headache, dizziness; sore throat, cough; abdominal pain, vomiting; skin burns, pruritus Target Organs: Eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys (NIOSH, 2016)|Teratogens

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing, wash the skin with soap and water, and get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Harmful by inhalation. Harmful in contact with skin. Harmful if swallowed.

cyhexatin

inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; headache, dizziness; sore throat, cough; abdominal pain, vomiting; skin burns, pruritus; In Animals: liver, kidney damage

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys

USEPA/OPP Pesticide Code 101601; Trade Names: Plictran, Dowco 213.|'PLICTRAN 50 W', WETTABLE POWDER (500 G AI/KG); IN AFRICA, EUROPE AND THE MIDDLE EAST: 'PLICTRAN 25W', WETTABLE POWDER (250 G/KG); PLICTRAN 600F, SC (600 G/L). MIXTURES INCLUDE: DORVERT, SC (150 G CYHEXATIN + 50 G TETRADIFON/L).|Plictran 50W miticide; wettable powder, 50.0% cyhexatin (tricyclohexylhydroxystannane).|Ortho Plictran 50 Wettable Miticide; wettable powder, 50.0% cyhexatin (tricyclohexylhydroxystannane).|For more Formulations/Preparations (Complete) data for TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Developed from a joint project of Dow Chemical Co. and M&T Chemicals Inc. and introduced by Dow Chemical Co. (patents: US 3264177; US 3389048) development code: Dowco 213.|Plictran (cyhexatin) /is/ discontinued by Dow Chem Co.|Introduced into the U.S. market by Dow Chemical Company as Plictran.

AOAC Method 988.02. Technical Cyhexatin in Pesticide Formulations by Liquid Chromatographic Method. /Cyhexatin/|NIOSH Method 5504. Analyte: Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide. Matrix: Air. Procedure: Atomic absorption, graphite furnace. For tricyclohexyltin hydroxide, this method has an estimated detection limit of 1 ug tin per 300 liter sample. The overall precision/RSD is 7.1%. Applicability: The working range is 0.015 to 1 mg/cu m (as tin) for a 300 liter air sample. Interferences: Organotin compounds not separated chromatographically will mutually interfere. Other compounds with similar retention times will not interfere unless they contain tin.|DETERMINATION OF TRIPHENYLTIN COMPOUNDS & TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY OF THEIR DERIVATIVES. A GAS-LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD IS REPORTED FOR THE DETERMINATION OF TRIPHENYLTIN DERIVATIVES & TRICYCLOHEXYLTIN HYDROXIDE AFTER THEIR CONVERSION (BY WAY OF GRIGNARD REACTION CATALYZED BY COPPER CHLORIDE) TO TETRAPHENYLTIN & TRICYCLOHEXYLPHENYLTIN. THE RECOVERY OF TETRAPHENYLTIN & TRICYCLOHEXYLPHENYLTIN WAS SATISFACTORY IN THE RANGE OF 50 TO 3000 UG. DIFFERENT COLUMNS WERE TESTED USING FLAME-IONIZATION DETECTION. FOR BOTH DERIVATIVES, THE RESPONSE WAS LINEAR FROM 0.05 TO 3.00 UG. RESULTS OF THERMAL ANALYSIS, IR SPECTROSCOPY, & MASS SPECTROMETRY ARE REPORTED.

Agrochemicals -> Acaricides|Health Hazards -> Teratogens|ACARICIDES