Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether

340.41286

340.41

299026

216-823-5

F3XRM1NX4H

0151

5022

DTXSID6024624

Sticky

2910900090

43.52000

3.95

Bisphenol a diglycidyl ether is an odorless yellowish brown liquid. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)

1.17 g/cm³

8-12 °C

210-230 °C @ Press: 0.05 Torr

148.5±32.8 °C

1.5735

soluble in 100% ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide (100 mM), dimethyl formamide, chloroform, methanol, and ethanol (50 mM). Insoluble in water.

2-8°C

1.1X10-7 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 11.7

Oral-rat LD50: 11.3 ml/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 15600 mg/kg

Decomposes and emits spicy irritating smoke

This substance can presumably form explosive peroxides.

Odorless

Henry's Law constant = 4.4X10-11 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

Epoxy equivalent = 190-210 ... the lower-molecular weight resins are liquids ... as the molecular weight increases, they become increasingly viscous and finally solids. /Diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A/|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 6.7X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick 1979 p.151-154, 164]. Insoluble in water.

Ethers

Peroxidizable Compound

BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER, is not highly reactive. Ethers can act as bases. They form salts with strong acids and addition complexes with Lewis acids. The complex between diethyl ether and boron trifluoride is an example. Ethers may react violently with strong oxidizing agents. In other reactions, which typically involve the breaking of the carbon-oxygen bond, ethers are relatively inert.

Combustible

NONH for all modes of transport

1

36/38-43

28-37/39

TX3800000

Xi

Storehouse ventilated at low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidants and acids; not easy to store for long

Volatility of uncured epoxy resins is not great.

P280-P305 + P351 + P338

H315-H317-H319

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

Reacts with strong oxidants.|... 2,2-Bis(4(2',3'-epoxypropoxy)phenyl)propane can, in presence of catalytic quantities of halide irons, cause dehydrochlorination of trichloroethylene to dichloroacetylene, which causes minor explosions when the mixture is boiled under reflux ...

This chemical is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Combustible.

|Warning|H315: Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, and P501|H315 (100%): Causes skin irritation [Warning Skin corrosion/irritation]|P261, P264, P272, P273, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P332+P313, P333+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P391, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 987 companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|The GHS information provided by 1 company from 1 notification to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|H317: May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]|P261, P264, P272, P280, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P321, P333+P313, P337+P313, P363, and P501

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you should spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Rubber gloves; goggles; protective clothing and protective creams. Good personal hygiene is necessary, with instruction of personnel and adequate cleaning facilities. (USCG, 1999)|Gloves should be used and skin contact avoided at all times. /Epoxy compounds/|Eye irritation in an industrial setting usually results from inadvertent transfer of resin from the hands when rubbing the eyes, and may occur even if the hands are protected with gloves. The use of goggles is an effective way to prevent accidental eye exposure.|... Protective clothing and personal protective creams are of help. /Epoxy resins/

This substance can presumably form explosive peroxides.

Since solvent curing agents /of epoxy resins/ are flammable liquids, fire hydrants & control measures are required. ... Fire extinguishers should be located in area. /Epoxy resins/

Water, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide

Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Wash away remainder with plenty of water. Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapors.

Mixing of volatile materials should always be done in a well ventilated area and precautions should be taken to avoid splashing of materials on hands and face. /Epoxy compounds/|Adequate ventilation should be supplied to work area. In some operations, exhaust ventilation may be necessary to remove excessive concentrations of vapors of curing agent or diluent. /Epoxy resins/|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|Because of the persistence of dermatitis and the possibility of sensitization, preventive measures are ... important /and/ requires ... provision of adequate facilities for removing the material periodically, together with a designated cleanup period prior to "break" and "quitting" times ... When possible, only persons with no history of allergic conditions or eczematous eruptions should be selected for epoxy resins applications ... Bench and floor areas should be protected with disposable paper. /Epoxy resins/

Dermal contact is the usual mode of exposure, but droplets in mist can also attack the eyes and respiratory tract. Glycidyl and diglycidyl ethers tend to be irritants and sensitizing agents. /Glycidyl and diglycidyl ethers/|/Glycidyl ethers/ are primary skin and eye irritants and may cause sensitization. /Glycidyl ethers/|... As curing agents for epoxy resins, polyfunctional primary aliphatic amines ... are usually considerably more active physiologically than the epoxy resins and more volatile, and skin and eye irritation may occur. Other curing agents, including the acid anhydrides and organic acids, have given fewer problems in handling. A number of diluents are also physiologically more active than the resins themselves. Some of these are the epoxy esters, ethers, and aliphatic compounds of low molecular weight. Resin modifiers include phenolic substances, aniline, formaldehyde resins, furfural, isocyanates, and silicone resins, all of which may contribute to handling problems.|The greater degree of eye irritation potential with the solid resins is due to their ability to form dust. The small particles of resin can thus cause mechanical abrasion of the eye and surrounding tissue. /Solid resins/|ONLY RARELY ... DOES SENSITIZATION OCCUR TO EPOXY RESINS BASED ON BISPHENOL A, ALTHOUGH SENSITIZATION TO DILUENTS & HARDENERS IS NOT INFREQUENT. AN OVER-ALL SENSITIZATION RATE OF APPROX 2% MAY BE EXPECTED EVEN WITH GOOD INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE PRACTICE. /EPOXY RESINS/

Personal protection: filter respirator for organic gases and vapours adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.

Separated from strong oxidants.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes and skin. Exposure could cause lowering of consciousness.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dermatitis. Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization.

NO open flames.

AVOID ALL CONTACT!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether was found to elute from seven dental composites and one dental sealant at levels of 1.4 ug/ml to 71 ug/ml for nonpolymerized products at pH ranges from 1 to 12, and 1.4ug/ml to 309 ug/ml for polymerized products at pH ranges from 1 to 12(1).

practically nontoxic

LD50 Rat oral 11,300 uL/kg|LD50 Rat oral >1000 mg/kg /Pure BADGE or commercial BADGE-based resins/|LD50 Rat ip 2200 mg/kg|LD50 Rat dermal >1600 mg/kg /Pure BADGE/|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Bisphenol diglycidyl ethers are not known to occur as natural products(1).

Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether's production and use as a major component in epoxy resin(1), a sealer or binder(2), and in the lacquer coating for food and beverage cans(3) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC). It is used in the manufacture of lacquers for coating inside of food and beverage cans(2).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1800(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.4X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(3). Epoxides in general hydrolyze rapidly at 25 °C and pH 7(4) through neutral, acid, or base-mediated reactions(5). Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-7 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(4). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2006).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 1,800(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 4.4X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 180(SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 3.8(6) suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high, provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC). Epoxides in general hydrolyze rapidly at 25 °C and pH 7(7) through neutral, acid, or base-mediated reactions(8). Hydrolysis products are usually the corresponding diol and sometimes re-arranged products(8). While data specific to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether were not located(SRC, 2006), the hydrolysis half-life for an analogous compound glycidyl alcohol is 28 days at pH 7(7). Biodegradation data were not available(SRC, 2006).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), is expected to exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5.8 hrs(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 6.7X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase bisphenol A diglycidyl ether may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 6.7X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5.8 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Glycidyl ethers, such as bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, can react readily with water and with nucleophiles such as proteins and nucleic acids(2). Epoxides in general hydrolyze rapidly at 25 °C and pH 7(3) through neutral, acid, or base-mediated reactions(4). Hydrolysis products are usually the corresponding diol and sometimes re-arranged products(4). While data specific to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether were not located(SRC, 2006), the hydrolysis half-life for an analogous compound glycidyl alcohol is 28 days at pH 7(3).

An estimated BCF of 180 was calculated for bisphenol A diglycidyl ether(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 3.8(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is high(SRC), provided the compound is not metabolized by the organism(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether can be estimated to be 1800(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is expected to have low mobility in soil(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is estimated as 4.4X10-11 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether's Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected(SRC). Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-7 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 25,257 workers (4,341 of these are female) are potentially exposed to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether in the US(1). Occupational exposure to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is produced or used(SRC). 30,000 cases of exposure to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether are reported in 19 Danish industrial groups as of July 1992(2). Use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether via dermal contact with this compound and other consumer products containing bisphenol A diglycidyl ether(SRC).

Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included. (See all compounds classified as Carcinogens.)

In vivo, BADGE was very slowly absorbed through the skin of mice. In vitro, full-thickness mouse skin was more permeable to BADGE than was dermatomized rat or human skin, with human skin showing only about 0.1 to 0.2% of applied dose absorbed within 24 hr with an average lag time of about 6 hr required for penetration.|Route-dependent differences in the plasma (14)C concentration-time profiles, tissue/plasma (14)C ratios, and urinary excretion following the iv or oral administration of (14)C-BADGE to rats have been observed. These data suggest that very little BADGE is absorbed unchanged following oral administration. The primary route of excretion in the rat was the feces after either iv or oral administration, although the plasma data suggest that only 13% of the orally administered radioactivity was absorbed so that some of the fecal radioactivity following oral administration may represent unabsorbed material ...No unchanged BADGE was excreted in the urine or bile following oral or iv administration.

Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is rapidly metabolized in mice, the major route involving hydration to the corresponding bis-diol, which occurs both enzymatically, through the epoxide hydrolase, and nonenzymatically. This hydration is followed by monooxygenase-mediated dealkylation to form a phenol and glyceraldehyde. It also appears that bisphenol A diglycidyl ether may be directly oxidized with the release of glycidaldehyde. Urinary and fecal metabolites include glucuronides and sulfates of the bis-diol and corresponding carboxylic acids.|Following a single oral administration of 14C-BADGE to mice, the dose was relatively rapidly excreted as metabolites in the urine and feces and the profile of fecal and urinary metabolites was independent of the route of exposure. The major metabolite was the bis-diol of BADGE formed by hydrolysis of epoxides by epoxide hydrolase; bisphenol A was not found as a metabolite of BADGE. The bis-diol was excreted in both free and conjugated forms and was also further metabolized to various carboxylic acids. BADGE did not appear to be metabolized to phenyl glycidyl ether by mice. Metabolic pathways for BADGE in the rabbit appear similar to those described for the mouse.|In vitro metabolism studies ... have shown that BADGE was very rapidly hydrolyzed by either cytosolic or microsomal fractions of liver and lung derived from rats, mice, and human. The cytosol and microsomes derived from human tissues had a higher hydrolytic efficiency towards BADGE than did those derived from rat or mouse tissues, with the exception being mouse liver cytosol, which showed about twice the activity found in humans. Microsomal activity was greater than cytosolic activity for both tissues for all species except the mouse, where microsomal and cytosolic activity was about equivalent ...|... Dermal administration of (14)C-BADGE (radiolabeled in the glycidyl side chain) resulted in radioactivity being covalently associated with the protein, DNA, and RNA purified from the skin at the site of application. Most of this radioactivity appeared to be a result of the metabolism of the glycidyl side chain to glyceraldehyde, a normal endogenous product of intermediary metabolism. Glyceraldehyde was subsequently metabolized to single carbon units that entered the one-carbon pool and were then incorporated into tissue macromolecules via normal catabolic pathways ... No evidence for the in vivo metabolism of BADGE to glycidaldehyde in mice /was found/.

Contact with liquid irritates eyes. Prolonged or repeated contact with skin causes irritation and dermatitis. (USCG, 1999)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

... Measures following skin contact should include thorough cleansing with soap and water, followed by a waterless hand cleanser when absolutely necessary. The use of solvents may promote epidermal penetration of materials that would otherwise not penetrate the skin. /Epoxy resins/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 ml/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Ethers and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Ethers and related compounds/

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ Twenty-three ... individuals patch tested with resins of average mol wt 624 and mol wt 908 did not experience sensitization, and 7 of these individuals patch tested with a resin of average mol wt 1192 did not react ... 8 patients tested with commercial mixtures of epoxy resins with average mol wt 1280 and mol wt 1850 reacted to these mixtures, which contained the mol wt 340 oligomer as determined by gel permeation chromatography. /It was/ concluded that the mol wt 340 oligomer is the component responsible for contact allergy to epoxy resins in humans. These results in humans are consistent with the absence of skin sensitization in guinea pigs for higher-molecular-weight resins.|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, an oligomeric resin, is moderately toxic. Medium mol wt cmpd (liquids) cause CNS depression from large doses. High skin irritancy. Sensitization. Precipitation of asthmatic attacks. /Oligomeric resin; From Table/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Sensitization may follow the initial contact, resulting in the development of a papular, vesicular eczema. This is accompanied by considerable itching, and extension into areas beyond the point of original contact. Only occasionally, areas other than the backs of the hands, the forearms, the face, and the neck are involved ... The lesion usually subsides in 10-14 days. However, it may recur on further contact. If the worker is not withdrawn from contact, the dermatitis usually persists for longer periods, but usually does not become more intense. The lesions may assume a brownish color, and scaling is frequently noted.|/CASE REPORTS/ In most cases, it is not possible to separate effects of uncured epoxy resin from that of curing agent (particularly amines). ... 43% of all workers in epoxy resin industries studied had dermatitis ... There are no reports of dermatitis or sensitization from cured epoxy resins. /Epoxy resins/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for BISPHENOL A DIGLYCIDYL ETHER (7 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2,2-bis(4-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)phenyl)propane

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.

Dry skin. Redness.

Redness. Pain.

A major component of Aradite GY 250, an epoxy resin|A mixture of monomer, dimer, trimer, and tetramer.|Trade Names: Various trademarks of epoxy resins based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether are EPON resin series, DER series, Epotuff series, Araldite series, EPI-Rez series and the ERL Bakelite epoxy series.|The resins are usually mixtures and may contain homologues of higher weight, isomers, branched-chain homologues, and occasionally, monoglycidyl ethers.

Plastic material and resin manufacturing|Oxirane, 2,2'-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)]bis-: ACTIVE|... component of BOWEN, a dental composite.|Epoxy resins of higher molecular weight are obtained by reducing the epichlorohydrin/bisphenol A ratio. This reaction involves consumption of the initial epoxy groups in the epichlorohydrin and of some of the groups formed by dehydrohalogenation.

NIOSH Method 333. Analyte: Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether. Matrix: Air. Procedure: High performance liquid chromatography. Method Evaluation: Method was validated over the range of 0.551 to 1.77 mg/cu m using a 288 liter sample. Method detection limit: 0.3 ug per filter, when the filter is extracted with 2 ml of acetonitrile and 50 ul aliquot is injected into the HPLC. Precision (CVt): 0.027 (analytical). Applicability: Under the conditions of sample size (288 liter) the useful range is 0.6 to 513 ug.|Organic cmpd analysis in water using coupled-column high-performance liquid chromatography and soft-ionization mass spectrometry.