2,2,2-Trichloroacetyl chloride

181.83

181.83

774120

200-926-7

9SN86T76Y6

190466

2442

DTXSID9034070

Liquid

29159080

17.1

2.39

Trichloroacetyl chloride appears as a colorless volatile liquid with a strong odor. Denser than water. Contact severely irritates skin, eyes and mucous membranes. May be very toxic by ingestion and inhalation. May be combustible.

1.6202 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-31.8 °C

117.9 °C

100 °C

1.501

H2O: reacts violently;Sol in alcohol

16 mm Hg ( 20 °C)

Oral-rat LD50: 600 mg/kg; inhalation-mouse LC50: 445 mg/m3

Flammable; emit toxic hydrogen chloride gas in water

5.07e-04 atm-m3/mole

Decomposes in water|Liquid molar volume = 0.112702 cu m/Kmol

Mixes exothermically with water with no apparent evolution of hydrochloric acid, trichloroacetic acid. Soluble in water. Experiments conducted at Argonne showed that no gas is generated upon mixing with water. "Development of the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Distances for the 2008 Emergency Response Guidebook", ANL/DIS-09-2, D.F. Brown, H.M. Hartmann, W.A. Freeman, and W.D. Haney, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, June 2009.

Halogenated Organic Compounds

Water-Reactive

TRICHLOROACETYL CHLORIDE is incompatible with water, with strong oxidizing agents, alcohols, bases (including amines). May react vigorously or explosively if mixed with diisopropyl ether or other ethers in the presence of trace amounts of metal salts [J. Haz. Mat., 1981, 4, 291].

II

8

UN 2442 8/PG 2

3

14-22-26-34-35-29

26-28-36/37/39-45-8-28A-23

AO7140000

T+,T

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from alkali and oxidant

Very Toxic

Stable. Reacts violently with water. Incompatible with alcohols, oxidizing agents, strong bases.

P260-P280-P284-P305 + P351 + P338-P310

H302-H314-H330

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

Material may burn but does not ignite readily. Poisonous if inhaled or swallowed; skin contact poisonous. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. (EPA, 1998)|Corrosives, Reactive - 2nd degree

|Danger|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P312, P301+P330+P331, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P310, P320, P321, P330, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 55 companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: See ERG Table 1 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 2442 datasheet. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 156 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. FOR CHLOROSILANES, use AFFF alcohol-resistant medium-expansion foam to reduce vapors. DO NOT GET WATER on spilled substance or inside containers. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. SMALL SPILL: Cover with DRY earth, DRY sand or other non-combustible material followed with plastic sheet to minimize spreading or contact with rain. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect material and place it into loosely covered plastic containers for later disposal. (ERG, 2016)

For emergency situations, wear a positive pressure, pressure-demand, full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or pressure- demand supplied air respirator with escape SCBA and a fully-encapsulating, chemical resistant suit. (EPA, 1998)

If material on fie or involved in fire: Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.

If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard Use water spray to knock-down vapors.|Personnel protection: Keep upwind. Avoid breathing vapors. ... Avoid bodily contact with the material.

If ... THERE IS NO FIRE, go directly to the Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances /(see table below)/ ... to obtain initial isolation and protective action distances. IF THERE IS A FIRE, or IF A FIRE IS INVOLVED, go directly to the appropriate guide /(see guide(s) below)/ and use the evacuation information shown under PUBLIC SAFETY.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. Substance will react with water (some violently) releasing flammable, toxic or corrosive gases and runoff. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 156: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE (Combustible/Water-Sensitive)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number on Shipping Paper first. If Shipping Paper not available or no answer, refer to appropriate telephone number listed on the inside back cover. As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for TRICHLOROACETYL CHLORIDE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Strong irritant to skin & tissue.

Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Trichloroacetyl chloride is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 lbs.

moderately toxic

Trichloroacetyl chloride's production and subsequent use as an intermediate in the manufacture of esters and anhydrides of trichloroacetic acid(1) and in the manufacture of the antibiotic, cephacetrile(2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Data on the hydrolysis of trichloroacetyl chloride are not available. Hydrolysis of trichloroacetyl chloride is expected to be a major fate process for this compound. Based on analogy to similar compounds, acetyl chloride at 25 °C has a hydrolysis half-life of 0.8 sec(1); dichloroacetyl chloride at -20 °C has a hydrolysis rate of 0.004/min(2). An estimated Koc of 72(4,SRC), based on an estimated log Kow(3,SRC), indicates that trichloroacetyl chloride will have high mobility in soil(1,2,5,SRC); the rate of hydrolysis of trichloroacetyl chloride is expected to be so fast that leaching is unlikely(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Data on the hydrolysis of trichloroacetyl chloride are not available. Hydrolysis of trichloroacetyl chloride is expected to be a major fate process for this compound. Based on analogy to similar compounds, acetyl chloride at 25 °C has a half-life of 0.8X10-1/sec(1) and the hydrolysis rate of dichloroacetyl chloride is 0.004/min at -20 °C(2). An estimated BCF value of 3(3,SRC), based on an estimated log Kow(4,SRC), indicates that trichloroacetyl chloride will not bioconcentrate in an aquatic system(3,4,SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based on a vapor pressure of 21 mm Hg at 25 °C obtained from experimentally derived coefficients(1,SRC), trichloroacetyl chloride will exist solely in the vapor phase in the ambient atmosphere(2,SRC). Trichloroacetyl chloride is not expected to degrade appreciably in the vapor phase by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(3,SRC). A hydrolysis half-life of 455 years in the atmosphere was estimated by calculating gas phase hydrolysis rate constants for trichloroacetyl chloride(4). This suggests that gas phase hydrolysis is not an effective removal mechanism for this compound in the atmosphere(4,SRC).

Rate constants for the homogeneous gas phase hydrolysis of trichloroacetyl chloride were calculated at temperatures ranging from 473-533 deg K; these rate constant values were extrapolated to 25 °C and 760 Torr in order to calculate a half-life for trichloroacetyl chloride in the atmosphere based on hydrolysis(1). A value of 455 years was calculated with a range from 130 to 1595 years(1). This suggests that gas phase hydrolysis is not an effective removal mechanism for this compound in the atmosphere. A study was made looking at "rain-out" where rain passing through an atmosphere containing the acid chloride vapor is viewed as a possible atmospheric removal mechanism. In this simplified model, an atmospheric half-life of 5 months was determined for an area which has an average yearly rainfall of 100 g/sq cm(2). Data on the hydrolysis of trichloroacetyl chloride are not available. Based on analogy to similar compounds, acetyl chloride at 25 °C has a half-life of 0.8 sec(2); dichloroacetyl chloride at -20 °C has a hydrolysis rate of 0.004/min(3). The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of trichlorodiacetyl chloride with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated to be less than 1x10-16 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(4). This indicates that trichloroacetyl chloride is resistant to degradation via photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC).

A BCF of 3 was calculated for trichloroacetyl chloride, using an estimated log Kow of 0.88(1,SRC) and a recommended regression-derived equation(2,SRC). This BCF value suggests that trichloroacetyl chloride will not bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms(2,SRC).

Based on an estimated log Kow of 0.88(1,SRC), the Koc of trichloroacetyl chloride is estimated as approximately 72 using a regression-derived equation(2,SRC). According to a suggested classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that trichloroacetyl chloride has high mobility in soil(SRC). This compound's rapid rate of hydrolysis, by analogy to acetyl chloride(4) and dichloroacetyl chloride(5), indicates that hydrolysis should preclude leaching in soil environments(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for trichloroacetyl chloride is estimated as 2.9X10-5 atm-cu m/mole(1,SRC). This value indicates that volatilization of trichloroacetyl chloride from water proceeds slowly( 2,SRC). This compound's rapid rate of hydrolysis, by analogy to acetyl chloride(3) and dichloroacetyl chloride(4), indicates that hydrolysis should preclude volatilization in aquatic environments(SRC).

Trichloroacetyl chloride is toxic by ingestion and inhalation. It is a strong irritant to skin and tissue(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 1821 workers (273 of these are female) are potentially exposed to trichloroacetyl chloride in the USA(1).

Highly toxic by ingestion and inhalation; strong irritant to skin and tissues. (EPA, 1998)

Warning: Trichloroacetyl chloride is a strong irritant. Direct contact may result in severe dermal or corneal burns. Signs and Symptoms of Trichloroacetyl Chloride Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to trichloroacetyl chloride may include strong irritation or burning of the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It may cause esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation if ingested. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to trichloroacetyl chloride may require decontamination and life support for the victims. Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination. Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary. Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to trichloroacetyl chloride. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to trichloroacetyl chloride. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5. Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 7. Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support to all victims. 2. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz. or 1 cup). Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 5. Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

New labelling processes installed without adequate ventilation control in an electric motor factory exposed production line workers to toxic gases. Symptoms of eye & resp tract irritation & complaints of headache, fever, chills, dizziness, malaise, general weakness, nausea, & vomiting were reported in numerous cases. Chest signs, radiographic abnormalities, reduction in ventilatory function, & blood gas abnormalities were found in some cases. Epidemiological analysis of the spatial & temporal distribution of cases supported an exposure effect relationship. Investigations suggested ozone & possibly phosgene & assoc trichloroacetyl chlorides as the toxic agents that were generated by an ultraviolet print curing arrangement & perchloroethylene used as a cleaning solvent.|Highly toxic by ingestion & inhalation.

trichloroacetyl chloride

Acetyl chloride, 2,2,2-trichloro-: ACTIVE

Trichloroacetyl chloride was quantitated using a GC with FID fitted with a 10%SE-30 on Chromosorb WHP column.

Fire Hazards -> Corrosives, Reactive - 2nd degree