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Methane

Methane structure

CAS No:
74-82-8
Formula:
CH4
Chemical Name:
Methane
Synonyms:
Methane;Marsh gas;Methyl hydride;R 50 (refrigerant);R 50;131452-56-7
Categories:
Organic Chemistry > Hydrocarbons and Derivatives

Description

Methane is a natural, colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. It is used primarily as fuel to make heat and light. It is also used to manufacture organic chemicals. Methane can be formed by the decay of natural materials and is common in landfi lls, marshes, septic systems, and sewers. It is soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, and organic solvents. Methane is incompatible with halogens, oxidizing materials, and combustible materials. Methane evaporates quickly. Methane gas is present in coal mi

Methane Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

16.04

Exact Mass：

16.03130

EC Number：

200-812-7

Characteristics

PSA：

XLogP3：

1.09

Appearance：

Methane is a colorless odorless gas. It is also known as marsh gas or methyl hydride. It is easily ignited. The vapors are lighter than air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. It is used in making other chemicals and as a constituent of the fuel, natural gas.

Density：

0.466-0.477 g/cm³

Melting Point：

-182.6 °C

Boiling Point：

-161.4 °C

Flash Point：

-188 ºC

Water Solubility：

H2O: Insoluble

Storage Conditions：

Protect against physical damage. Isolate from oxidizing agents. Prohibit open flame. Inspect for leakage occasionally.

Vapor Pressure：

258574 mmHg at 100°F

Vapor Density：

0.55 (vs air)

Toxicity：

Inhalation-Mouse LC50: 50000 ppm/2 hours

Flammability characteristics：

Flammable; spicy and irritating smoke emitted from the fire; suffocating

Explosive limit：

15%

Odor：

Odorless

Taste：

Tasteless

Safety Information

Hazard category：

2.1

Transport codes：

UN 1971 2.1

hazard class code：

safety instructions：

9-16-33

RTECS Number：

PA1490000

Marks：

F+

Storage features：

Treasury is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored separately from oxidant

Explosive characteristics：

Explosive when mixed with air

Stability/Shelf Life：

Stable. Extremely flammable - note low flash point; mixtures with air constitute an explosion hazard. Reacts violently with interhalogens. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, halogens, interhalogens, oxygen.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P210-P377-P381-P410 + P403

Hazard Statements：

H220-H280

Toxicity

Toxicity class：

moderately toxic

Methane Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

This product is the simplest organic compound. It is widely distributed in nature and is the main component of natural gas, coalbed methane, and methane. It can be obtained after separation. 1. Separating natural gas from natural gas contains 80%-99% of methane. Dry natural gas is cleaned and used; after wet natural gas is cleaned, the light hydrocarbons above ethane are separated and used by condensation, absorption and adsorption. 2. Natural gas escapes from oil wells when oil is separated from oilfield gas, with dry gas containing 80%-85% methane and wet gas containing 10% methane. In the case of pressurization and condensation, it can be liquefied and used as a chemical raw material. 3. Separation of refinery gas from each refinery petroleum processing gas contains 20%-50% methane. Absorption distillation method and condensation distillation method can be used to produce methane, hydrogen or pure methane when separating ethylene and propylene from petroleum processing gas. 4. Separation of coke oven gas from coke oven gas contains about 20%-30% of methane, and dry distillation gas contains about 40%-60% methane. Cryogenic gas is used to separate by-product methane during coke oven gas production.

Uses

Constituent of illuminating and cooking gas, in the manufacture of hydrogen, hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, acetylene, formaldehyde, in organic syntheses.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:16.043
XLogP3:0.6
Exact Mass:16.0313001276
Monoisotopic Mass:16.0313001276
Heavy Atom Count:1
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Material

Butyl acetate

Acetic acid

Acetone

Downstream Products

Methyl acetoacetate

Carbon tetrachloride

Ammonia

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