Clomazone

239.7

239.70

617-258-0

570RAC03NF

DTXSID1032355

Clear colorless to light brown viscous liquid

2934999027

29.5

2.5 at 25 deg C

Clear colorless to light brown viscous liquid.

1.192 at 25 deg C

25 °C

275 °C

157 °C

1.551

In water, 1,100 ppm at 25 deg C

0-6°C

1.4X10-4 mm Hg at 25 deg C

1.192 at 77°F

Oral-Rat  LD50: 1369 mg/kg

Combustion produces toxic nitrogen oxides and chloride gases

Henry's Law constant = 4.13X10-8 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C

146.72 Ų [M+H]+

Hydroxy radical reaction rate constant = 2.2X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)|Stable at ambient temperatures for at least 2 years; stable at 50 °C for at least 3 mo. In sunlight, DT50 >30 d in aqueous solution

III

6.1(b)

2902

2

20/22-36/38

26-36

NY2977000

Xn

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; stored and transported separately from food materials

Stable at ambient temperatures for at least 2 years; stable at 50 deg C for at least 3 months. In sunlight DT50 >30 days in aqueous solution.

P261-P301 + P312 + P330-P305 + P351 + P338

H302 + H332-H315-H319

Safe Disposal of Pesticides. The best way to dispose of small amounts of excess pesticides is to use them - apply them - according to the directions on the label. If you cannot use them, ask your neighbors whether they have a similar pest control problem and can use them. If all of the remaining pesticide cannot be properly used, check with your local solid waste management authority, environmental agency, or health department to find out whether your community has a household hazardous waste collection program or a similar program for getting rid of unwanted, leftover pesticides. These authorities can also inform you of any local requirements for pesticide waste disposal.|Safe Disposal of Pesticides. An empty pesticide container can be as hazardous as a full one because of residues left inside. Never reuse such a container. When empty, a pesticide container should be rinsed carefully three times and the rinsewater thoroughly drained back onto the sprayer or the container previously used to mix the pesticide. Use the rinsewater as a pesticide, following label directions. Replace the cap or closure securely. Dispose of the container according to label instructions. Do not puncture or burn a pressurized container like an aerosol - it could explode. Do cut or puncture other empty pesticide containers made of metal or plastic to prevent someone from reusing them. Wrap the empty container and put it in the trash after you have rinsed it.|SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

|Warning|H302+H332 (14.55%): Harmful if swallowed or if inhaled [Warning Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, inhalation]|P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P363, P391, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 268 companies from 14 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.

Long-sleeved shirt and long pants. Protective eyewear. Hat. Rubber gloves. Rubber boots.

/Use/ foam, carbondioxide, or dry chemical.

If a spill occurs, clean it up promptly. Don't wash it away. Instead, sprinkle the spill with sawdust, vermiculite, or kitty litter. Sweep it into a plastic garbage bag, and dispose of it as directed on the pesticide product label.|After Applying a Pesticide, Indoors or Outdoors. To remove pesticide residues, use a bucket to rinse tools or equipment three times, including any containers or utensils that you used when mixing the pesticide. Then pour the rinsewater into the pesticide sprayer and reuse the solution by applying it according to the pesticide product label directions. After applying any pesticide wash your hands and any other parts of your body that may have come in contact with the pesticide..To prevent tracking pesticides inside, remove or rinse your boots or shoes before entering your home. Wash any clothes that have been exposed to a lot of pesticide separately from your regular wash.

/For applying the product/ wear the items of protective clothing the label requires: for example, non-absorbent gloves (not leather or fabric), rubber footwear (not canvas or leather), a hat, goggles, or a dust-mist filter. If no specific clothing is listed, gloves, long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and closed shoes are recommended. You can buy protective clothing and equipment at hardware stores or building supply stores.|Indoor Applications. If the label directions permit, leave all windows open and fans operating after the application is completed. If the pesticide product is only effective in an unventilated (sealed) room or house, do not stay there. Put all pets outdoors, and take yourself any your family away from treated areas for at least the length of time prescribed on the label. Apply most surface sprays only to limited areas such as cracks; don't treat entire floors, walls, or ceilings. Don't let pesticides get on any surfaces that are used for food preparation. Wash any surfaces that may have pesticide residue before placing food on them.|Indoor Applications. When using total release foggers to control pests, use no more than the amount needed and to keep foggers away from ignition sources (ovens, stoves, air conditioners, space heaters, and water heaters, for example). Foggers should not be used in small, enclosed places such as closets and cabinets or under tables and counters.|Outdoor Applications. Never apply pesticides outdoors on a windy day (winds higher than 10 mph). Position yourself so that a light breeze does not blow pesticide spray or dust into your face.|SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. Quality assurance to ascertain the completeness of the cleaning procedures should be implemented before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.

moderately toxic

LD50 Rat oral 1369 mg/kg (female)|LD50 Rat oral 2077 mg/kg (male)|LD50 Rabbit dermal >2000 mg/kg|LC50 Rat inhalation 4.8 mg/L/4 hr

/AQUATIC SPECIES/ Fingerlings of the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) were exposed to clomazone, quinclorac, and metsulfuron methyl.... The LC50 value (nominal concentration) was 7.32 mg/L for clomazone and 395 mg/L for quinclorac, but was not obtained for metsulfuron-methyl since all fingerlings survived the highest concentration of 1200 mg/L. ... Clomazone significantly inhibited AChE activity in both tissues, achieving maximal inhibition of about 83% in brain and 89% in muscle tissue. In contrast, quinclorac and metsulfuron methyl caused increases in enzyme activity in the brain (98 and 179%, respectively) and inhibitions in muscle tissue (88 and 56%, respectively).|/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ The midge Chironomus tepperi was used in laboratory experiments to assess the relative toxicity. ... Clomazone had no effect on any parameters at concentrations up to 0.288 mg/L (p > 0.05). Molinate significantly increased development time at concentrations equivalent to the AFC (3.6 mg/L) and above (p < 0.05). Thiobencarb reduced emergence success of adult C. tepperi at 0.0625 times the AFC (0.1875 mg/L) as well as decreasing male adult size and increasing development time for males and females at 0.125 times the AFC (p < 0.05).|/AQUATIC SPECIES/ ...Liver glycogen /of the silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen)/ increased significantly (P<0.05) in all periods and concentrations tested. The maximum glycogen increase reaches 250% after 12 hr of exposure. Muscle glycogen reduced significantly after 24, 48, 96 and 192 hr for both clomazone concentrations (P<0.05). Significantly elevated plasma glucose values (P<0.05) and variation in glucose in the liver and muscle of exposed fish were observed. Muscle lactate levels increased after 12, 24 and 48 hr of clomazone exposure (22-67%), but reduced in the liver (P<0.05). Protein levels were enhanced in the liver and white muscle, except at 96 and 192h of exposure, whereas it increased in the plasma in the period from 48 to 96 hr (P<0.05). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were significantly elevated in the plasma (P<0.05). In the liver, ALT increased after 24 hr, while AST activity was enhanced only after 12 hr of exposure.[Crestani Me t al; Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 12

Dimethazone's production may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams; it's use as a herbicide(1) will result in its direct release to the environment(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 60-573, depending on the soil(2), indicate that dimethazone is expected to have moderate mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of dimethazone from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 4.13X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(3). Dimethazone is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.4X10-4 mm Hg(3). Pure culture studies indicated that dimethazone is slowly metabolized by most organisms(4). After 84 days, 59% of 14C radiolabeled dimethazone extracted from the soil remained unchanged(5), indicating that biodegradation is a slow environmental fate process in soil(SRC).|TERRESTRIAL FATE: Dimethazone was applied to 1.5 by 3.0 meter plots of wheat crops on Cisne soil loam and Drummer silty clay loam in May of 1984-1986 at a rate of 1.12 kg/hour. In the Cisne soil initial concentrations for the 1985 and 1986 studies were 710 and 770 ppb dry weight, respectively. These concentrations decreased to 140 and 170 ppb dry weight by days 29 (1985) and 31 (1986), respectively, and by day 131, no detectable levels of dimethazone were found in either soil. The maximum concentration of dimethazone found in soil below 7.5 cm was 39 ppb. In Drummer silty clay loam the initial concentrations in 1985 and 1986 were 1270 and 1190 ppb dry weight, respectively. Dimethazone had a much longer half life in drummer loam and was still detected in concentrations of 220 and 150 ppb dry weight, respectively, 145 days after treatment. Dimethazone was also detected below 7.5 cm in the soil in concentrations as high as 100 ppb weight(1).|TERRESTRIAL FATE: Dimethazone was applied to pumpkin and pepper crops on Lowell silty loam soil in Franklin County, Kentucky. Grass strips were located between each cropping row and black plastic mulch or no mulch were placed on the crops. Runoff water and sediment samples from these crops were collected and monitored via gas liquid chromatography(1). Dimethazone for the most part stayed in the first 23 cm of soil depth. For the pepper plants, dimethazone was found in concentrations of 5, 15, and 30 mg/L in the runoff water from the pepper crops on the sites of grass strips, black plastic mulch and no mulch respectively and in concentrations of 1, 80, and 35 mg/L in the runoff sediment on the sites of grass strips, black plastic mulch and no mulch respectively. The majority of dimethazone (>60 mg/kg) was found in the soil mulch and non-mulch treated soil and around 10 mg/kg in the grass strip. The highest concn of dimethazone was found in the soil from the pumpkin crops with concentrations of approximately 8, 60 and 30 mg/kg in the grass strip, mulch treated, and non mulch treated soil, respectively. For the pumpkin plants, dimethazone was found in concentrations of 2, 23, and 20 mg/L in the runoff water on the sites of grass strips, black plastic mulch, and no mulch, respectively, and in concentrations of <1, 50, and 21 mg/L in the runoff sediment from the sites of grass strips, black plastic mulch, and no mulch, respectively(1).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), Koc values ranging from 60-573(2) indicate that dimethazone may adsorb to suspended solids and sediment depending on the soil type(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 4.13X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 17(SRC), from its log Kow of 2.5(4) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Pure culture studies indicated that dimethazone is slowly metabolized by most organisms(7). After 84 days 59% of 14C radiolabeled dimethazone extracted from the soil remained unchanged(8), indicating that biodegradation may be a slow environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), dimethazone, which has a vapor pressure of 1.44X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase dimethazone is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5.8 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Aqueous solutions of dimethazone have a half life of 30 days when exposed to sunlight(2).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of dimethazone with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5.8 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Aqueous solutions of dimethazone have a half life of 30 days when exposed to sunlight(3). Dimethazone is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmetnal conditions(2).

An estimated BCF of 17 was calculated for dimethazone(SRC), using a log Kow of 2.5(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

275.42 L/kg|Koc values of dimethazone in 19 different soils were measured(1). The Koc values ranged from 60 in silt loam from Lebanon, MO with a pH of 4.5 to 573 in sandy loam from Goldsboro, GA with a pH of 5.2(1). The majority of soil samples had Koc values from 100-150(1). According to a classification scheme(2), these Koc values suggest that dimethazone is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for dimethazone is 4.13X10-8 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that dimethazone is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from moist soil and water surfaces(2). Dimethazone is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 1.44X10-4 mm Hg(1).

Occupational exposure to dimethazone may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where dimethazone is produced or used. The most likely route of exposure is through dermal contact when manufacturing or applying this compound to crops. (SRC)

Sprague-Dawley (CD, Crl (SD)Br) rats of both sexes were dosed with 3, 5, or 900 mg/kg of Methylene 14C-Labeled FMC 57020 (2[(2'-chlorophenyl)-14C-methyl]-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone; radiopurity: 99.8%; specific activity: 26.81 mCi/mmol). In Study A, two rats/sex were orally dosed by gavage with 5 mg/kg of the test material and expired air was collected for up to 24 hours. In the remaining studies, 5 animals/sex/group were dosed. In Studies B and C, the animals received a single oral dose of 5 and 900 mg/kg of the test material, respectively. In Study D, each animal was dosed intravenously with 3 mg/kg of the test material. In Study E, the animals received 14 doses, once per day for 2 weeks, of unlabeled FMC 57020 (purity: 99.0%). In Study B, C, D and E, urine and feces samples were collected periodically for 7 days. After 7 days, the animals were euthanized and radioactivity in the tissues was determined. Excretion of radiolabeled CO2 constituted less than 0.01% of the recovered dose. The primary pathway of excretion was in the urine with a range of 63.4 to 82.9% of the administered dose in the urine. Recovery in the feces ranged from 15.1 to 38.7% of the administered dose. At 7 days post-dose, aggregate residue levels in the tissues and carcass ranged from 0.08 to 0.17% of the administered dose. The amount dosed or frequency of the dosing did not affect the excretory profile.

Four Sprague-Dawley rats/sex were treated by oral gavage with a single dose of 50 mg/kg of a mixture of Methylene-14C FMC 57020 (specific activity: 26.85 mCi/mmol, radiochemical purity: 99.3%) and Carbonyl-14C FMC 57020 (specific activity: 27.98 mCi/mmol, radiochemical purity: 99.3%). Radiolabeled compounds were recovered from the urine and feces samples and analyzed... in order to identify various metabolites of the test material. Twelve metabolites were recovered and identified. Hydroxylation of the phenyl and/or isoxazolidinone rings was the most common alteration of the parent compound which was observed with some evidence of glucuronide and sulfate conjugation.

Skin decontamination. Skin contamination should be treated promptly by washing with soap and water. Contamination of the eyes should be treated immediately by prolonged flushing of the eyes with large amounts of clean water. If dermal or ocular irritation persists, medical attention should be obtained without delay. /Other herbicides/|Gastrointestinal decontamination. Ingestions of these herbicides are likely to be followed by vomiting and diarrhea due to their irritant properties. Management depends on: (1) the best estimate of the quantity ingested, (2) time elapsed since ingestion, and (3) the clinical status of the subject. Activated charcoal is probably effective in limiting irritant effects and reducing absorption of most or all of these herbicides. Aluminum hydroxide antacids may be useful in neutralizing the irritant actions of more acidic agents. Sorbitol should be given to induce catharsis if bowel sounds are present and if spontaneous diarrhea has not already commenced. Dehydration and electrolyte disturbances may be severe enough to require oral or intravenous fluids. ... If large amounts of herbicide have been ingested and the patient is seen within an hour of the ingestion, gastrointestinal decontamination should be considered ... . If the amount of ingested herbicides was small, if effective emesis has already occurred, or if treatment is delayed, administer activated charcoal and sorbitol by mouth. /Other herbicides/|Intravenous fluids. If serious dehydration and electrolyte depletion have occurred as a result of vomiting and diarrhea, monitor blood electrolytes and fluid balance and administer intravenous infusions of glucose, normal saline, Ringer's solution, or Ringer's lactate to restore extracellular fluid volume and electrolytes. Follow this with oral nutrients as soon as fluids can be retained. /Other herbicides/|Supportive measures are ordinarily sufficient for successful management of excessive exposures to these herbicides ... . If the patient's condition deteriorates in spite of good supportive care, the operation of an alternative or additional toxicant should be suspected. /Other herbicides/

2-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone

Emulsifiable concentrate, micro-encapsulated|Discontinued products: Command cotton

Foliar contact or vapors may cause visual symptoms of chlorosis to nearby sensitive plants.

Product by glc with FID or hplc with u.v. detection.

Agrochemicals -> Herbicides|Herbicides|Environmental transformation -> Pesticides (parent, predecessor)

Clomazone has known environmental transformation products that include 4,5-hydroxy-2-chlorobenzoic acid, 4-hydroxy-2-chlorobenzoic acid, and M02 2-chlorobenzoic acid.