1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol

128.99

128.99

1732063

202-491-9

0F4P2VQC07

1711

70982

2750

DTXSID6025010

COLORLESS, SLIGHTLY VISCOUS, LIQUID

29055910

20.23000

0.66

Clear colorless to slightly yellow Liquid

1.3506 g/cm³ @ Temp: 17 °C

-4 °C

174.3 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

186 °F

1.462

H2O: soluble . >=10 g/100 mL at 23 ºC

2-8°C

0.75 mm Hg @ 25 deg C

Relative vapour density (air = 1): 4.4

Oral-Rat LD50: 110 mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 100 mg/kg

Combustible in case of fire, high temperature and strong oxidant; decomposes toxic phosgene gas at high temperature; emits toxic chloride fumes during combustion

ETHEREAL ODOR

Water soluble.|Denser than water and slightly soluble in water.

Alcohols and Polyols

Sensitive to heat. Incompatible with oxidizers. Also incompatible with strong acids, strong reducing agents, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides. (NTP, 1992)|A halogenated alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

II

6.1

UN 2750 6.1/PG 2

3

45-21-25-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11

53-45-36/37-16

UB1400000

T,F

Complete packaging, light loading and unloading; warehouse ventilated, away from open flame, high temperature, and stored separately from oxidant

UNSTABLE

P201-P280-P301 + P310-P308 + P313

H301-H312-H350

SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Those substances designated with a (P) may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form. (ERG, 2016)|Combustible.|Flammable - 2nd degree

|Danger|H301: Toxic if swallowed [Danger Acute toxicity, oral]|P201, P202, P264, P270, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P308+P313, P312, P321, P322, P330, P363, P405, and P501|H301+H311 (56.04%): Toxic if swallowed or in contact with skin [Danger Acute toxicity, oral; acute toxicity, dermal]|P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P307+P311, P308+P313, P312, P314, P321, P322, P330, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 787 companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P284, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P310, P312, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P337+P313, P361, P363, P403+P233, P405, and P501|H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]|P201, P202, P210, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P281, P284, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P308+P313, P310, P312, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|P210, P260, P264, P270, P271, P280, P284, P301+P310, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P307+P311, P310, P312, P314, P320, P321, P322, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P361, P362, P363, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and keep it away from oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (ERG, 2016)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible. (ERG, 2016)

Flammable when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.

"ALCOHOL" FOAM.|To fight fire, use alcohol foam, dry chemical, fog, mist, or spray.

/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Health: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors, and sewers explosion hazards. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... . As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate enclosed areas.|/GUIDE 153: SUBSTANCES - TOXIC AND/OR CORROSIVE (COMBUSTIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer. It may provide little or no thermal protection. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides limited protection in fire situations ONLY; it is not effective in spill situations where direct contact with the substance is possible.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for 1,3-DICHLORO-2-PROPANOL (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Action may be similar to that of carbon tetrachloride, but more irritating to mucous membranes.

Personal protection: chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers.

Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Well closed.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached very quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance is mildly irritating to the skin. The substance may cause effects on the liver.

The substance may have effects on the liver and kidneys. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans.

NO open flames.

PREVENT GENERATION OF MISTS!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear face shield or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

| 2 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause temporary incapacitation or residual injury.| 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol was qualitatively detected as an emission from prime urethane carpet cusions(1). It was detected in the leachate of a munipal waste landfill in Japan at a concn of 27.9 ug/l(2).

highly toxic

LD50 Mouse oral 100 mg/kg|LD50 Rabbit skin 800 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral 110 mg/kg

1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol's production and use as an intermediate for organic synthesis(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), obtained using a fragment constant estimation method(3). 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an experimental vapor pressure of 0.75 mm Hg(4). Based upon conflicting results with aerobic aqueous screening biodegradation tests(5), the importance of biodegradation in soil is unknown.|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 4(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment in water(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 6X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(3,SRC), from an estimated log Kow of 0.78(6,SRC), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). A neutral first-order and base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant for 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol of 3.1X10-3 1/hr and 850 L/mole-hour(2) correspond to half-lives of 1.4 years and 34 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(7,SRC). Based upon conflicting results with aerobic aqueous screening biodegradation tests(8), the importance of biodegradation in water is unknown.|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, which has a vapor pressure of 0.75 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 8 days(SRC) from its estimated rate constant of 1.8X10-12 atm cu m/mol(3).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 1,2-dichloro-2-propanol with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 1.84X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 8 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). A neutral first-order and base-catalyzed second-order hydrolysis rate constant for 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol of 3.1X10-3 1/hr and 850 L/mole-hour(2) correspond to half-lives of 1.4 years and 34 days at pH values of 7 and 8, respectively(2,SRC). 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol is not expected to directly photolyze due to the lack of absorption in the environmental spectrum(3).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated for 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol(SRC), using an estimated log Kow of 0.78(1,SRC) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc for 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol can be estimated to be about 4(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol is estimated as 6X10-7 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol is expected to be essentially nonvolatile(2). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 32 days(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(2) is estimated as 229 days(SRC). 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol's Henry's Law constant(1) indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to occur(SRC). 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.75 mm Hg(3).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 199 workers (6 of these are female) are potentially exposed to 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol in the US(1). Occupational exposure to 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol is produced or used(SRC).

4(?). 4= VERY TOXIC: PROBABLE ORAL LETHAL DOSE (HUMAN) 50-500 MG/KG, BETWEEN 1 TEASPOON & 1 OZ FOR 70 KG PERSON (150 LB). SIMILAR TO CARBON TETRACHLORIDE POISONING, BUT IRRITANT ACTIONS (EG HEMORRHAGIC GASTRITIS, PHARYNGITIS, ETC) MAY BE EVEN MORE SEVERE.

Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes. (See all compounds classified as Mutagens.)|Reagents with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between side chains of amino acids in proteins; the locations of naturally reactive areas within proteins can thereby be identified; may also be used for other macromolecules, like glycoproteins, nucleic acids, or other. (See all compounds classified as Cross-Linking Reagents.)

METAB OF 1,3-DICHLOROPROPAN-2-OL BY RATS RESULTED IN 2 MERCAPTURIC ACID METABOLITES IN URINE, N,N'-BIS(ACETYL)-S,S'-[1,3-BIS(CYSTEINYL)] PROPAN-2-OL & N-ACETYL-S-(2,3-DIHYDROXYPROPYL)CYSTEINE. ALSO PRODUCED BETA-CHLOROLACTATE AS OXIDATIVE METABOLITE.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound include hemorrhagic gastritis and pharyngitis. Other symptoms include headache, vertigo, nausea, vomiting, pulmonary edema and liver damage. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is toxic by inhalation and ingestion. It is also harmful if absorbed through the skin. It is an irritant of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride gas and phosgene gas. (NTP, 1992)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution. (ERG, 2016)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)|Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim calm and warm. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. (ERG, 2016)

Fresh air, rest. Half-upright position. Refer immediately for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap.

Rinse with plenty of water (remove contact lenses if easily possible). Refer for medical attention.

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway. Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with normal saline during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . /Higher alcohols (> 3 carbons) and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious or has severe pulmonary edema. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques, with a bag-valve-mask device, may be beneficial. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. Watch for signs of fluid overload. Monitor for signs of hypoglycemia (decreased LOC /level of consciousness/, tachycardia, pallor, dilated pupils, diaphoresis, and/or dextrose strip or glucometer readings below 50 mg) and administer 50% dextrose if necessary ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) ... . For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Higher alcohols (> 3 carbons) and related compounds/

MODERATELY TOXIC BY INHALATION AND INGESTION.|Two middle aged men developed severe hepatic injury just after cleaning a dichloropropanol tank at a plant producing dichloropropanol. They died from hepatic failure 4 and 11 days respectively, after carrying out the work. Liver specimens taken at autopsy from one of the cases showed submassive hepatic necrosis. /Dichloropropanol/|Poison by ingestion and inhalation. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Action may be similar to that of carbon tetrachloride, but more irritating to mucous membranes.

1,3-dichloro-2-propanol

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation, through the skin and by ingestion.

Cough. Sore throat.

MAY BE ABSORBED! Redness.

Redness. Pain.

Propanol, dichloro-: ACTIVE|All other basic organic chemical manufacturing|2-Propanol, 1,3-dichloro-: ACTIVE

CONTENT IN AIR WAS DETERMINED BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY.|USE OF SODIUM CHLORIDE AS SUPPORT IN ANALYSIS OF WATER POLLUTANTS.

Food Contaminant -> CONTAMINANT; -> JECFA Functional Classes|Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 2nd degree

Food Contaminant -> CONTAMINANT;