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Isobutylene

Isobutylene structure

CAS No:
115-11-7
Formula:
C4H8
Chemical Name:
Isobutylene
Synonyms:
1-Propene,2-methyl-;Propene,2-methyl-;2-Methyl-1-propene;γ-Butylene;Isobutene;Isobutylene;2-Methylpropene;iso-Butene;Isopropylidenemethylene;1,1-Dimethylethylene;2-Methylpropylene;1,1-Dimethylethene;i-Butene;2-Methyl-2-propene
Categories:
Specialty Chemicals

Description

Isobutylene is a colorless gas with a light petroleum odor. Its molecular formula is C4H8, its molar mass is 56.11, its boiling point is -6.90℃, its critical temperature is 144.75℃, and its critical pressure is 4.0MPa. Isobutylene is an olefin compound, a flammable and explosive gas, and is easily soluble in ethanol and ether.

Isobutylene Basic Attributes

Molecular Weight：

56.11

Exact Mass：

56.11

EC Number：

204-066-3

Freezing Point：

-140.34℃

HScode：

2901233000

Characteristics

PSA：

XLogP3：

2.35

Appearance：

Isobutylene is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor. For transportation it may be stenched. It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure. Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite. It is easily ignited. Its vapors are heavier than air and a flame can flash back to the source of leak very easily. The leak can either be a liquid or vapor leak. It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. It is used in the production of isooctane, a high octane aviation gasoline.

Density：

0.589 g/cm³ @ Temp: 25 °C

Melting Point：

-140.4 °C

Boiling Point：

-6.9 °C

Flash Point：

-80 °C

Refractive Index：

1.3811

Water Solubility：

Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20°C: 0.03

Storage Conditions：

MATERIALS WHICH ARE TOXIC AS STORED OR WHICH CAN DECOMPOSE INTO TOXIC COMPONENTS SHOULD BE STORED IN A COOL, WELL VENTILATED PLACE, OUT OF THE DIRECT RAYS OF THE SUN, AWAY FROM AREAS OF HIGH FIRE HAZARD, AND SHOULD BE PERIODICALLY INSPECTED. INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS SHOULD BE ISOLATED

Vapor Pressure：

3278 mm Hg ( 37.7 °C)

Vapor Density：

2 (vs air)

Toxicity：

Inhalation-rat LC50: 620 g/m3/2 hours; inhalation-mouse LC50: 415 g/m3/2 hours

Flammability characteristics：

Open flame, flammable when heated; burning produces irritating smoke

Explosive limit：

vol% in air: 1.8.6

Odor：

Coal gas odor

Safety Information

Packing level：

III

Hazard category：

2.1

Transport codes：

UN 1055 2.1

wgk germany：

hazard class code：

safety instructions：

9-16-33

RTECS Number：

UD0890000

Marks：

F+

Storage features：

The warehouse is ventilated, low temperature and dry; lightly loaded and unloaded; stored separately from oxygen, air and other fuel gas cylinders

Explosive characteristics：

Open flame mixed with air, can be explosive when heated

Stability/Shelf Life：

Stable. Highly flammable - readily forms an explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

Precautionary statement(s)：

P210, P377, P381, P403

Hazard Statements：

H220

RIDADR：

UN 1055

Toxicity

Toxicity class：

practically nontoxic

Isobutylene Use and Manufacturing

Methods of Manufacturing

There are many preparation methods for isobutylene. Currently, methyl tert-butyl ether ether hydrolysis method is mainly used in production, that is, isobutylene is obtained by catalytic ether hydrolysis of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). (CH3)3COCH3[Catalyst]→(CH3)2C=CH2+CH3OH The catalysts used in the catalytic etherlysis reaction are Al2O3, sulfate, phosphate, uranium oxide and hydroxide and activated carbon, etc. The reaction temperature is 150～ 300℃, reaction pressure is 0.3～0.6MPa, liquid volume space velocity is 1～5h-1. When modified Al2O3 is selected as the catalyst and the temperature is 180℃, the recovery rate of isobutene reaches 100%. In addition, there are sulfuric acid absorption or hydrochloric acid absorption separation methods, isobutane dehydrogenation method, tert-butanol dehydration method, ion exchange method, adsorption method, selective polymerization separation method from C4 fraction.

Uses

Isobutylene is widely used in the production of various compounds. It is used to produce isooctane, a high-octane aviation gasoline. It is also used to synthesize butyl rubber, trimer, and other polymers. Isobutylene is a key ingredient in the production of antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and 4-methoxyphenol, so it can be used in food, supplements, packaging, and plastics. It also has a wide range of applications in perfumes, flavors, and lubricants.

Analysis Methods

Name	Column Shape	Active Phase(℃)	Retention index	Temperature Control	Method	Comments	Reference
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Capillary	BPX-5	394.	30.	isothermal	12. m/0.15 mm/0.25 μm, H2	Aflalaye, A.Sternberg, R.Raulin, F.Vidal-Madjar, C.Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. VI. Analysis of low-molecular-mass hydrocarbons and nitriles with BPX5 capillary columnsJ. Chromatogr. A1995, 708, 2, 283-291.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Capillary	CP Sil 5 CB	391.	20.	isothermal	25. m/0.15 mm/2. μm, H2	Do, L.Raulin, F.Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. III. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a CP-Sil-5 CB WCOT capillary columnJ. Chromatogr.1992, 591, 1-2, 297-301.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Capillary	PoraPLOT Q	389.	100.	isothermal	10. m/0.32 mm/10. μm, H2	Do, L.Raulin, F.Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. I. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a PoraPLOT Q porous polymer coated open-tubular capillary columnJ. Chromatogr.1989, 481, 45-54.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Capillary	PoraPLOT Q	390.	160.	isothermal	10. m/0.32 mm/10. μm, H2	Do, L.Raulin, F.Gas chromatography of Titan's atmosphere. I. Analysis of low-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and nitriles with a PoraPLOT Q porous polymer coated open-tubular capillary columnJ. Chromatogr.1989, 481, 45-54.
Kovats' RI, non-polar column, isothermal	Capillary	HP-PONA	390.	40.	isothermal	50. m/0.21 mm/0.5 μm, H2	Lubeck, A.J.Sutton, D.L.Kovats Retention Indices of Selected Olefins on Bonded Phase Fused Silica CapillariesJ. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. Chromatogr. Comm.1984, 7, 9, 542-544.

Computed Properties

Molecular Weight:56.11
XLogP3:2.1
Exact Mass:56.062600255
Monoisotopic Mass:56.062600255
Heavy Atom Count:4
Complexity:23
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count:1
Compound Is Canonicalized:Yes

Synthesis Route

62735-89-1

Suppliers(1)

34557-54-5

106577-11-1

144864-97-1

188290-36-0

Price Analysis

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