4-Nitro-1,2-phenylenediamine

153.14

153.14

608106

202-766-3

5A9AX7Y0TT

1543

5378

1673

DTXSID9020958

Dark red needles from dilute alcohol

29215119

97.9

0.9

Brown-red Powder

1.4±0.1 g/cm3

199-200 °C

421.1ºC at 760 mmHg

208.5±23.2 °C

1.708

H2O: 1.2 g/L (20 ºC);1 N HCl: ethanol, 1:1: soluble 50mg/mL

Store below +30°C.

1.09X10-4 mm Hg at 25 deg C (est)

Oral-rat LD50: 681  mg/kg; Oral-Mouse LD50: 681 mg/kg

Flammable; burning produces toxic nitrogen oxide fumes

Henry's Law constant = 7.39X10-12 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est)

pKa = 2.61 (conjugate acid)

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 2.20X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est)

Insoluble in water.

Nitro, Nitroso, Nitrate, and Nitrite Compounds, Organic

4-NITRO-O-PHENYLENEDIAMINE is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong reducing agents, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides. (NTP, 1992)

II

6.1

2811

3

22-43-68-40-36/37/38-20/21/22

36/37-45-36-26-22

ST2975000

Xn

Warehouse ventilated, low temperature and dry

Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, strong reducing agents, strong oxidizing agents, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides.

P280

H302-H317

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational exposure or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic, and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.

The substance decomposes on burning producing toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides. Reacts with strong acids, strong oxidants and strong reducing agents.

Cosmetic Ingredient Review; 2-Nitro-p-Phenylenediamine and 4-Nitro-o-Phenylenediamine. JACT 4(3): 161-202, 1985; Re-Review: International Journal of Toxicology. 25(S2), 2006. The 1985 safety assessment of 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine was published with the conclusion "for those persons not sensitized, the Expert Panel Concludes that 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine are safe as hair dye ingredients at the current concentration of use" ... Studies available since that safety assessment was completed, along with updated information regarding uses and use concentrations, were considered by the 2006 CIR Expert Panel. The Panel determined to not reopen this safety assessment.|DHEW/NCI; Bioassay of 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine for Possible Carcinogenicity (1979) Technical Rpt Series No. 180 DHEW Pub No. (NIH) 79-1736 concludes that under the conditions of this bioassay, dietary administration of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine was not carcinogenic in Fischer 344 rats or B6C3F1 mice.

Flash point data for this chemical are not available; however, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire.

|Warning|H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]|P261, P264, P270, P272, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P321, P330, P333+P313, P363, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 85 companies from 9 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H302: Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]

Excerpt from ERG Guide 153 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Combustible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase, in the downwind direction, as necessary, the isolation distance shown above. FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If a spill of this chemical occurs, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with acetone and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this chemical from exposure to light. Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store under refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)|Local exhaust or breathing protection. Protective gloves. Protective clothing. Safety goggles.

Water spray, powder.

Sweep spilled substance into containers; if appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! STRICT HYGIENE! Do not eat, drink, or smoke during work.

Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization.

Personal protection: particulate filter respirator adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Sweep spilled substance into covered containers. If appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting.

Separated from incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers.

No indication can be given about the rate at which a harmful concentration of this substance in the air is reached on evaporation at 20 °C.

Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization.

NO open flames.

See EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM OR REPEATED EXPOSURE. PREVENT DISPERSION OF DUST! STRICT HYGIENE!

Use local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves. Protective clothing.

Wear safety goggles.

moderately toxic

The antimutagenic activity of celecoxib was determined using histidine mutant Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535 against directly acting mutagens /including / 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NPDA) ...and mutagens needing activation ... . Celecoxib inhibited ... NPDA-induced mutations of TA100. ... At concentrations of 0.2 mg/plate, celecoxib significantly inhibited NPDA-...induced mutations of TA98 by 52.5 ...%, ... (P < 0.001 ... ). ...|... Antimutagenicity of the 3-hydroxy-3-methylgutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors atorvastatin and lovastatin was studied using the Ames Salmonella typhimurium assay. Directly acting mutagens, sodium azide (NaN(3)) and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NPDA), were used to induce mutation in Salmonella strains TA98 and TA100. The antimutagenicity of lovastatin and atorvastatin was found to be significant (p < 0.01) and dose-dependent. The percentage inhibition of a 3 mg lovastatin-treated plate was found to be 79.9% and 61.8% against NPDA- and NaN(3)-induced mutation to TA98 and TA100, respectively. Atorvastatin (0.5 mg/plate) inhibited NPDA-and NaN(3)-induced mutation to TA98 and TA100 by 78.6% and 45.5%, respectively. Atorvastatin showed antimutagenic activity at lower concentrations than lovatstatin. ...|... honeybee (Apis mellifera) venom, ... collected in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, ... acted against the mutagenicity of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine /in Salmonella typhimurium TA98/ ...|Water, acetone and chloroform extracts of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (Indian gooseberry)fruit reduced sodium azide and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine induced his+ revertants significantly in TA100 and TA97 a strains respectively of S. typhimurium. The chloroform extract was less active as compared to water and acetone extracts. Autoclaving of water extract for 15 min did not reduce its activity. ...|For more Interactions (Complete) data for 4-NITRO-1,2-DIAMINOBENZENE (9 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

LD50 Rat oral (oil-water emulsion) 3720 mg/kg|LD50 Rat oral 681 mg/kg|LD50 Mouse oral 681 mg/kg|LD50 Rat ip (in dimethylsulfoxide vehicle)> 1600 mg/kg

/OTHER TERRESTRIAL SPECIES/ ... The toxicity of 10 benzamines was tested by the well diffusion assay technique against 18 common bacterial species including the nitrogen-fixing bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii. p-Phenylenediamine was found to be inhibitory to the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens. o-Phenylenediamine was inhibitory to Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pnemoniae, Salmonella enteritidis, and Shigella sonnei. 2,5-Diaminotoluene was inhibitory to the growth of P. fluorescens and Streptococcus mitis. The growth of A. vinelandii was inhibited by p-phenylenediamine and 2,5-diaminotoluene in the well diffusion assay. p-Nitroaniline was also found to be inhibitory to the growth of A. vinelandii in Burk's nitrogen-free medium. The nitrogenase activity of A. vinelandii was inhibited by p-phenylenediamine, 2,5-diaminotoluene, p-nitroaniline, 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine, 3-nitro-o-phenylenediamine, and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine. ...

4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine, a component of both semipermanent and permanent hair dye formulations, was selected for bioassay by the National Cancer Institute because of the high incidence of bladder cancer reported among workers in the dye manufacturing industry. A bioassay for the possible carcinogenicity of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine was conducted using Fischer 344 rats and B6C3F1 mice. 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine was administered in the feed, at either of two concentrations, to groups of 50 male and 50 female animals of each species. Twenty animals of each sex and species were placed on test as controls. The high and low dietary concentrations of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine were, respectively, 750 and 375 ppm for rats and 7500 and 3750 ppm for mice. The compound was administered for 103 weeks to rats and for 102 weeks to mice. The period of compound administration was followed by an observation period of 2 weeks for rats and mice. There were no significant positive associations between the concentrations of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine administered and mortality in rats or mice of either sex. Adequate numbers of animals in all groups survived sufficiently long to be at risk from late-developing tumors. Distinct dose-related mean body weight depression was observed in mice, indicating that the concentrations of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine administered to these animals in this bioassay may have approximated the maximum tolerated concentrations. Since no distinct mean body weightdepression relative to controls, no significantly accelerated mortality, and no other manifestations of chronic toxicity were associated with administration of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine to male or female rats, it is possible that these animals may have been able to tolerate a higher dietary concentration. None of the statistical tests for any site in rats or in mice of either sex indicated a significant positive association between compound administration and tumor incidence. Under the conditions of this bioassay, dietary administration of 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine was not carcinogenic in Fischer 344 rats or B6C3F1 mice.

Routine checking of lips, tongue and nail beds of exposed personnel for signs of cyanosis. /Protect/ from exposure those individuals with anemia, cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases.

4-Nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is not known to occur as a natural product.

4-Nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene's production and subsequent use as a dye for semi-permanent and permanent hair coloring(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 72(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.88(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). However, aromatic amines are expected to bind strongly to humus or organic matter in soils due to the high reactivity of the aromatic amino group(4), suggesting that mobility may be much lower in some soils(SRC). Volatilization of 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.4X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), using a fragment constant estimation method(5). 4-Nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-4 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(6). Information is not available regarding the biodegradation potential of 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene; however, 33% percent of structurally-related o-phenylenediamine was removed over 120 hours based on chemical oxygen demand measurements and using an activated sludge inoculum(7).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 72(SRC), determined from a log Kow of 0.88(2) and a regression-derived equation(3), indicates that 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 7.4X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), developed using a fragment constant estimation method(4). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow(2) and a regression-derived equation(6), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Information is not available regarding the biodegradation potential of 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene; however, 33% percent of structurally-related o-phenylenediamine was removed over 120 hours based on chemical oxygen demand measurements and using an activated sludge inoculum(7).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene, which has an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-4 mm Hg at 25 °C(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(2), will exist in both the vapor and particulate phases in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 17 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 2.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) that was derived using a structure estimation method(3). Particulate-phase 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). 4-Nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene absorbs light at wavelengths above 290 nm(4) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been estimated as 2.2X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(SRC) using a structure estimation method(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 17 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). 4-Nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). 4-Nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene absorbs light at wavelngths above 290 nm(3) and therefore may be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.88(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is estimated as 72(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.88(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is expected to have high mobility in soil. However, aromatic amines are expected to bind strongly to humus or organic matter in soils due to the high reactivity of the aromatic amino group(4), suggesting that mobility may be much lower in some soils(SRC).

The Henry's Law constant for 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is estimated as 7.4X10-12 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) using a fragment constant estimation method(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). 4-Nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon an estimated vapor pressure of 1.1X10-4 mm Hg(SRC), determined from a fragment constant method(3).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 17,652 workers (11,624 of these are female) are potentially exposed to 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene in the US(1). Occupational exposure to 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene may occur through dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene is produced or used(2). The general population is exposed to 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene when using semi-permanent and permanent hair color products containing 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene(3).|Direct skin contact is probably the major route of absorption of the aromatic amines(1). When used as a dye in semi-permanent hair color products, 4-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene, as the dye component of several hair dyes is generally shampooed into the hair, and allowed to remain in contact with the hair and scalp for 30-45 min(2).

Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included. (See all compounds classified as Carcinogens.)|Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant and Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499) (See all compounds classified as Indicators and Reagents.)

4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NOP) is a powerful direct-acting mutagen which demonstrates significant enhancement in mutagenicity when exposed to plant enzymatic systems. Evidence implicating the involvement of peroxidactic oxidation in NOP activation has been obtained from plant-cell suspension and isolated enzyme experiments. Using selected cytochrome P450 and peroxidase enzyme inhibitors in conjunction with Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 and intact plant-cell activating systems as well as isolated horseradish peroxidase enzyme /the authors/ have further investigated NOP activation by plant systems. The activation of NOP by both plant cells and by horseradish peroxidase was suppressed by the P450 inhibitors methimazole and (+)-catechin and by the peroxidase inhibitors diethyldithiocarbamate and potassium cyanide, but was not suppressed by the P450 inhibitors metyrapone and 7,8-benzoflavone. In addition, peroxidase enzymatic activity was measured and found to be inhibited by methimazole, diethyldithiocarbamate and potassium cyanide but not by (+)-catechin. The data strongly support the involvement of exogenous peroxidase in the plant activation of NOP, but point to a complex metabolic system that requires multistep processing before full mutagenic potential of the plant-activated component of NOP is expressed.

SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of exposure to this compound include irritation of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, and allergic skin reaction. ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: This compound is highly toxic by ingestion and inhalation. It is an irritant of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. (NTP, 1992)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

INHALATION: Fresh air, rest. SKIN: Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower. EYES: First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then take to a doctor. INGESTION: Rinse mouth

/HUMAN EXPOSURE STUDIES/ A repeated insult patch test was conducted with a hair dye containing 0.027% 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (4NOPD) and 0.49% p-phenylenediamine (PPDA). Two hundred six subjects were enrolled in and completed the study. The dye was mixed with an equal volume of oxidizer, and each nonocclusive patch contained 0.1 mL/sq cm of the dye and oxidizer mixture. Ten 48-72 hr consecutive patch applications were made on the backs of the subjects, and reactions were read after removal of each patch. These induction patches were followed by an 11 day rest period. A 48 hr nonocclusive challenge patch was applied to a previously unexposed site on the back of each subject, and the reaction was read at removal and at 15 minutes and at 24 hours later. There were no positive reactions at any induction or challenge reading. The researchers stated that their data provided no evidence to indicate that the hair dye and oxidizer test product caused either irritation or sensitization. A repeated insult patch test was conducted with a hair dye containing 0.039% 4NOPD and 0.4% PPDA on the same 206 subjects and following the same procedure. There were 41 doubtful reactions (very mild erythema, barely exceeded that of untreated skin) during induction. There were no positive reactions at any induction or challenge reading. The researchers stated that their data provided no evidence to indicate that the hair dye and oxidizer test product caused either irritation or sensitization. A repeated insult patch test was conducted with a hair dye containing 0.049% 4NOPD and 0.596% PPDA on the same 206 subjects and following the same procedure. There were no positive reactions at any induction or challenge reading. The researchers stated that their data provided no evidence to indicate that the hair dye and oxidizer test product caused either irritation or sensitization.|/GENOTOXICITY/ No chromosomal aberrations were observed when this compd was incubated with cultured human peripheral lymphocytes...

1,2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene

o-Phenylenediamine, 4-nitro-, is available in the US as a commercial grade with the following typical specifications: assay, 98% min; melting range, 200-204 °C; residue on ignition, 0.3% max; iron, 150 mg/kg max; loss on drying, 0.5% max.

1,2-Benzenediamine, 4-nitro-: ACTIVE

IDENTIFICATION AND ESTIMATION OF HAIR DYE COMPONENTS BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY.|Paper chromatography using six solvent systems and 15 reagents has been used to separate and identify 30 aminobenzene derivatives, including o-phenylenediamine, 4-nitro-. Thin-layer chromatography using various adsorbents, eluants and indicators has been used for the analysis of o-phenylenediamine, 4-nitro-in hair-dye compositions: on silica gel plates impregnated with rice starch using four eluants with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde as an indicator, on silica gel G plates with ferric chloride as indicator, and with a sodium metabisulphite-saturated methanol solution as eluant, followed by elution and spectrophotometric determination. Two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography on silica gel G has been used to separate and identify dye intermediates, including o-phenylenediamine, 4-nitro-, with a limit of 0.02%.

Cosmetics -> Hair dyeing