Cyclopentane

70.13290

70.13

206-016-6

T86PB90RNU

0353

60213

1146

DTXSID6024886

Colorless liquid

2902199090

0

1.95050

Cyclopentane appears as a clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor. Flash point of -35°F. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air.

0.7457 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-93.9 °C

49.2 °C @ Press: 760 Torr

-37ºC

1.405-1.407

Miscible with ethanol, ether and acetone. Slightly miscible with water.

Flammables area

18.93 psi ( 55 °C)

~2 (vs air)

LC (2 hr in air) in mice: 110 mg/l (Lazarew)

Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F.

vol% in air: 1.1.7

Mild, sweet odor

5.16e-12 cm3/molecule*sec

0.15 atm-m3/mole|Henry's Law constant = 0.19 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C (est)

Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 4.97X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Hydrocarbons, Aliphatic Saturated

Highly Flammable

CYCLOPENTANE is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents such as chlorine, bromine, fluorine. (NIOSH, 2016).

682 °F (USCG, 1999)|682 °F (361 °C)|320 °C

10.52 eV

Class IB Flammable Liquid: Fl.P. below 73°F and BP at or above 100°F.

The vapour is heavier than air and may travel along the ground; distant ignition possible. As a result of flow, agitation, etc., electrostatic charges can be generated.

28.52 kJ/mol at 25 °C

II

3

UN 1146

1

R11; R52/53

S9-S16-S29-S33-S61

GY2390000

F

Fireproof. Well closed. Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.

Stable. Highly flammable. Note low flash point and wide explosion limits. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Floats on water, so water is of limited value in putting out fires involving this material.

P210-P273

H225-H412

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|Waste treatment methods. Product: Burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber but exert extra care in igniting as this material is highly flammable. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.

Strong oxidizers (e.g. chlorine, bromine, fluorine).|Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents.

Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode. (USCG, 1999)|Highly flammable. Heating will cause rise in pressure with risk of bursting. Vapour/air mixtures are explosive.|Flammable - 3rd degree

|Danger|H225: Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P273, P280, P303+P361+P353, P370+P378, P403+P235, and P501|H225 (100%): Highly Flammable liquid and vapor [Danger Flammable liquids]|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P312, P331, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 567 companies from 12 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory. Each notification may be associated with multiple companies.|H304: May be fatal if swallowed and enters airways [Danger Aspiration hazard]|P201, P202, P260, P264, P270, P280, P281, P301+P310, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P308+P313, P314, P321, P331, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P405, and P501|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P301+P310, P303+P361+P353, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P331, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|P210, P233, P240, P241, P242, P243, P261, P264, P271, P280, P301+P310, P302+P352, P303+P361+P353, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P331, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. LARGE SPILL: Consider initial downwind evacuation for at least 300 meters (1000 feet). FIRE: If tank, rail car or tank truck is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2016)

Excerpt from ERG Guide 128 [Flammable Liquids (Water-Immiscible)]: ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. A vapor-suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors. Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. Use clean, non-sparking tools to collect absorbed material. LARGE SPILL: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal. Water spray may reduce vapor, but may not prevent ignition in closed spaces. (ERG, 2016)

Skin: Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. Eyes: Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. Wash skin: The worker should wash daily at the end of each work shift. Remove: Work clothing that becomes wet should be immediately removed due to its flammability hazard(i.e. for liquids with flash point Change: No recommendation is made specifying the need for the worker to change clothing after the work shift. (NIOSH, 2016)|Wear solvent-resistant gloves and clothing to prevent any reasonable probability of skin contact. ... Wear splash proof chemical goggles and face sheild unless full face piece respiratory protection is worn.|Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact.|Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact.|Eye/face protection: Face shield and safety glasses Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|For more Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (Complete) data for CYCLOPENTANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.|(See protection codes)

Flammable, dangerous fire risk.|Flammable liquid. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. ...

Explosive limits in air: Lower exposive limit = 1.1%; Upper explosive limit = 8.7%|Explosive limits , vol% in air: 1.1-8.7

Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or foam extinguishers. Water may be ineffective because of low flash point. Do not extinguish fire unless flow of chemical can be stopped.|Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Advice for firefighters: Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.|Use water spray to cool unopened containers.|If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.

Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture: Carbon oxides

Accidental Release Measures: Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapours accumulating to form explosive concentrations. Vapours can accumulate in low areas. Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains. Discharge into the environment must be avoided. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and place in container for disposal according to local regulations.

SRP: Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source emissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. Ensure that the local ventilation moves the contaminant away from the worker.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. ... Employees should wash immediately with soap when skin is wet or contaminated. Remove nonimpervious clothing immedately if wet or contaminated.|SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in a manner such that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for CYCLOPENTANE (11 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

/GUIDE 128: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE)/ Fire or Explosion: HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Those substances designated with a "P" may polymerize explosively when heated or involved in a fire. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water. Substances may be transported hot.|/GUIDE 128: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE)/ Health: Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.|/GUIDE 128: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE)/ Public Safety: CALL Emergency Response Telephone Number ... As an immediate precautionary measure, isolate spill or leak area for at least 50 meters (150 feet) in all directions. Keep unauthorized personnel away. Stay upwind. Keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering.|/GUIDE 128: FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS (NON-POLAR/WATER-IMMISCIBLE)/ Protective Clothing: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Structural firefighters' protective clothing will only provide limited protection.|For more DOT Emergency Guidelines (Complete) data for CYCLOPENTANE (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

No person may /transport,/ offer or accept a hazardous material for transportation in commerce unless that person is registered in conformance ... and the hazardous material is properly classed, described, packaged, marked, labeled, and in condition for shipment as required or authorized by ... /the hazardous materials regulations (49 CFR 171-177)./|The International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations are published by the IATA Dangerous Goods Board pursuant to IATA Resolutions 618 and 619 and constitute a manual of industry carrier regulations to be followed by all IATA Member airlines when transporting hazardous materials.|The International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code lays down basic principles for transporting hazardous chemicals. Detailed recommendations for individual substances and a number of recommendations for good practice are included in the classes dealing with such substances. A general index of technical names has also been compiled. This index should always be consulted when attempting to locate the appropriate procedures to be used when shipping any substance or article.

Vapors are irritation to eyes, nose and throat. Contact to liquid is irritating to eyes and skin.

Vacated 1989 OSHA PEL TWA 600 ppm (1720 mg/cu m) is still enforced in some states.

Recommended Exposure Limit: 10 Hour Time-Weighted Average: 600 ppm (1720 mg/cu m).

Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: filter respirator for organic vapours of low boiling point adapted to the airborne concentration of the substance. Remove all ignition sources. Do NOT let this chemical enter the environment. Do NOT wash away into sewer. Ventilation. Collect leaking and spilled liquid in sealable containers as far as possible. Absorb remaining liquid in sand or inert absorbent. Do NOT absorb in saw-dust or other combustible absorbents. Then store and dispose of according to local regulations.

Fireproof. Well closed. Separated from strong oxidants and food and feedstuffs. Store in an area without drain or sewer access. Provision to contain effluent from fire extinguishing.

A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.

The substance and the vapour in high concentrations are irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. The substance is irritating to the gastrointestinal tract. If swallowed the substance easily enters the airways and could result in aspiration pneumonitis. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. This may result in lowering of consciousness.

Repeated or prolonged contact with skin may cause dryness and cracking and dermatitis.

NO open flames, NO sparks and NO smoking. Closed system, ventilation, explosion-proof electrical equipment and lighting. Prevent build-up of electrostatic charges (e.g., by grounding). Use non-sparking handtools. Do NOT use compressed air for filling, discharging, or handling.

PREVENT GENERATION OF MISTS!

Use ventilation, local exhaust or breathing protection.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety goggles or eye protection in combination with breathing protection.

| 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.| 3 - Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Materials produce hazardous atmospheres with air under almost all ambient temperatures or, though unaffected by ambient temperatures, are readily ignited under almost all conditions.| 0 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable, even under fire conditions.

Cyclopentane was detected, not quantified in the stack emissions from waste incinerators(1). Cyclopentane was detected in the emissions collected from the ambient air surrounding the City County Health Department, the Post office, Liberty Mounds, and a Texaco refinery located in Tulsa, Oklahoma at two different times of the day at concentrations of 2.5 and 3.2ppbC; 5.8 and 4.6 ppbC; 5.3 and 8.5 ppbC; and 5.2 and 6.4 ppbC, respectively(2). Vehicular emissions from 67 vehicles in Sydney, Australia were found to contain cyclopentane at a concentration of 0.4% w/w(3). Cyclopentane was detected in automobile exhaust emissions at concentrations ranging from 0.005 to 0.02 ppmv in Los Angeles county, California(4). Cyclopentane was also detected in medium duty diesel truck emissions at an emission factor of 410 ug/km(5) and in catalyst and noncatalyst gasoline powered motor vehicle emissions at 780 and 85400 ug/km, respectively(6). Likewise, cyclopentane was detected in light-duty vehicle exhaust in California in 1987 at concentrations ranging from 0-0.44 wt%(7). Cyclopentane was also detected in the vehicle and refinery emissions in the Chicago area at concentrations of 0.20 to 1.60 wt%(8). Cyclopentane was reported to be detected in the emissions from UK car exhaust and a London street at 672 and 4.5 ppbv(9). Cyclopetane was listed as a chemical in the emissions from an Oklahoma oil field in 1988 at concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 1 wt%(10). Cyclopentane was detected in the emissions of fuel stoves in China at emission factors ranging from 0.009 to 0.063 mg/kg(11). Cyclopentane was detected in the atmosphere of Cairo, Egypt in the emissions from high grade gasoline, a roadway, bus parking garage, lead smelter, and cast iron factory at 0.12, 0.03, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.02%(12). Cyclopentane was detected in the emissions of the Peninsula wastewater sludge composting facility at 442 ug/cu m(13).

SEDIMENT: Cyclopentane was detected in 4 of 4 sediment samples of 4-8, 28-32, 52-56, and 76-80 cm deep from Walvis Bay of the Namibian shelf of SW Africa at concentrations of 2.1, 1.8, 0.61 and 1.1 ng/g(1).

URBAN/SUBURBAN: Cyclopentane was listed as one of the 64 most abundant air pollutants in 39 US cities and was detected in 823 samples, collected from 1984-6 at a median concentration of 2.1 ppbC(1). The median urban concentration of cyclopentane in 457 samples was 0.354 ppbv and the mean suburban concentration in 218 samples was 0.440 ppbv according to the National Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds Database(2). Cyclopentane was detected in 16 out of 17 samples in the Fall of 1981 at concentrations ranging from 1 to 8 ppbv(3). Cyclopentane was also detected in the air of Rio Blanco County, Colorado at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 9.3 ppbC(4). The average concentration of cyclopentane in 682 samples at a site in Houston, Texas in 1977 was 2 ppbC(5). Cyclopentane was also detected in the air in Houston, Texas on January 30, 1974 at concentrations ranging from 19.9 to 81.5 ppbC(6). The concentration of cyclopentane in Huntington Park, CA on October 22, 1968 was 0.6, 7.2, 0.2 and 0.1 ppb at ground level (1:25 PM), ground level (8 AM), 1500 ft, and 2,200 ft, respectively(7). Cyclopentane was detected in 16 air samples from Los Angeles county, California at concentrations ranging from 0.002 to 0.018 ppm(8). The ambient air of Riverside, CA was found to contain cyclopentane at a concentration of 2.4 ppb on October 26, 1968 at 4:10 PM(9). Cyclopentane was detected in the air of Sydney, Australia at an average concentration of 0.8 ppbv(10). Cyclopentane was also detected in 97.5% of the samples collected from Washington, DC in March 1991 at an average concentration of 0.11 ppbv(11). The urban ambient concentration of cyclopentane in the air of Porto Alegre, Brazil on March 20, 1996 to April 16, 1997 was 2.6 mg/cu m(12).|INDOOR: Cyclopentane was detected, not quantified in the indoor air from vehicle emissions in an attached garage(1). Cyclopentane was also detected, not quantified in the emissions from 8 adhesives used in building materials(2).|RURAL/REMOTE: Cyclopentane was detected at concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 1.7 ppbC in Smoky Mountain air(1). Cyclopentane was detected in the air samples from the Jones State Forest in Texas at concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 6.21 ppbC(2) and 6 rural locations in North Carolina from median concentrations ranging from 0 to 1.6 ppbC(3). Cyclopentane was detected at a concentration of approximately 0.1 ppbv above a forest in Southern Ontario, Canada in 1983(4). The mean concentration of cyclopentane in Langenbrugge Germany in 1992-93 was 22 ppt(5).|SOURCE DOMINATED: Cyclopentane was reported in the National Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) database and was detected in source dominated air at a average concentration of 0.556 ppbv(1). The concentrations of cyclopentane in air samples in urban plumes on August 27, 1976 and August 28, 1976 was 2.4 and 1.2 ppb, respectively(2). Cyclopentane's emission rate from motor vehicles in a roadway tunnel in Los Angeles, California was listed as 14 mg/L(3).

Cyclopentane was detected in an air sample taken near an oil fire at a concentration of 0.21 mg/cu m(1).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Cyclopentane is a liquid chemical. It is used as a solvent for cellulose esters, as a motor fuel, and as an azeotropic distillation agent. It is also used to produce a variety of analgesics, sedatives, hypnotics, antitumor agents, CNS depressants, prostaglandins, insecticides, and many other products. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Symptoms of exposure to high concentrations of cyclopentane include excitement, dizziness, confusion, coma, and possibly respiratory failure. Ingestion may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract and result in nausea and vomiting. 122 workers in the Italian shoe industry suffered polyneuropathy from glue solvents exposure. ANIMAL STUDIES: When applied to guinea pig skin, undiluted alicyclic hydrocarbons cause morphological changes (epidermal thickening) and altered epidermal soluble arginase activity. In the mice there is no safety margin between minimal CNS depressant concentration, loss of reflexes, and lethality, which all occurred at 110 mg/L. When ingested, there is a low to moderate aspiration hazard in mice. Inhalation of 8110 mg/L 6 hr per day for 12 weeks results in decreased body weight gains in female rats. The effects of cyclopentane on the ionic currents and electrical capacity of the squid giant axon membrane were that both the peak inward and steady-state outward currents were reduced reversibly.

Cyclopentane's production and use in cracking aromatics and in the production of medications, insecticides, and other products(1); as a solvent for cellulose ethers, azeotropic distillation agent(2) and as a constituent in motor fuel(1,2) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).|Cyclopentane was detected in the crude oil from two U.S. cities, Ponca, NE and Santa Barbara CA, at concentrations of 500 and 460 mg/L, respectively(1).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that cyclopentane is expected to have high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of cyclopentane from moist soil surfaces is expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.19 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), based upon its vapor pressure, 317.8 mm Hg(3), and water solubility, 156 mg/L(4). Cyclopentane is expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(4). Cyclopentane was not biodegraded by microorganisms isolated from soil(5), indicating that biodegradation is not an important environmental date process in soil(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 80(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that cyclopentane is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is expected(3) based upon an estimated Henry's Law constant of 0.19 atm-cu m/mole(SRC), derived from its vapor pressure, 317.8 mm Hg(4), and water solubility, 156 mg/L(5). Using this Henry's Law constant and an estimation method(3), volatilization half-lives for a model river and model lake are 52 minutes and 3 days, respectively(SRC). According to a classification scheme(6), an estimated BCF of 44(SRC), from its log Kow of 3(7) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is moderate(SRC). Cyclopentane was not biodegraded using an inocula from groundwater contaminated with gasoline(8), suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), cyclopentane, which has a vapor pressure of 317.8 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase cyclopentane is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 2.4 days(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 4.97X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(3). Cyclopentane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of cyclopentane with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals is 4.97X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 2.4 days at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(1). Cyclopentane is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(2). Cyclopentane does not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2) and, therefore, is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 44 was calculated in fish for cyclopentane(SRC), using a log Kow of 3(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

The Koc of cyclopentane is estimated as 401(SRC), using a log Kow of 3(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this estimated Koc value suggests that cyclopentane is expected to have moderate mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for cyclopentane is estimated as 0.19 atm-cu m/mole(SRC) derived from its vapor pressure, 317.8 mm Hg(1), and water solubility, 156 mg/L(2). This Henry's Law constant indicates that cyclopentane is expected to volatilize rapidly from water surfaces(3). Based on this Henry's Law constant, the volatilization half-life from a model river (1 m deep, flowing 1 m/sec, wind velocity of 3 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 52 minutes(SRC). The volatilization half-life from a model lake (1 m deep, flowing 0.05 m/sec, wind velocity of 0.5 m/sec)(3) is estimated as 3 days(SRC). Cyclopentane's estimated Henry's Law constant indicates that volatilization from moist soil surfaces may occur(SRC). The potential for volatilization of cyclopentane from dry soil surfaces may exist(SRC) based upon its vapor pressure(1).

GROUNDWATER: Cyclopentane was detected, not quantified, in groundwater samples collected from Bemidji, Minnesota between 1984 to 1992 after a crude oil pipeline spill(1).|DRINKING WATER: Cyclopentane was detected in a sample from polluted drinking water at a concentration of 1.6X10-4 mg/L(1).

Cyclopentane was detected in the emissions from charbroiling Hamburger meat at 5000 ug/kg of meat cooked(1).

ENVIRONMENTAL: Cyclopentane was detected, not quantified, in 6 out of 12 samples collected from the breast milk of mothers from the cities of Bayonne NJ, Jersey city, NJ, Bridgeville, PA and Baton Rouge, LA(1).

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the industrial manufacturing, processing, and use of cyclopentane is 30,000 or greater; the data may be greatly underestimated(1).|Occupational exposure to cyclopentane may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where cyclopentane is produced or used. Cyclopentane is a widely occurring atmospheric pollutant(SRC). Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to cyclopentane via inhalation of ambient air. (SRC)|Workers at gasoline bulk handling facilities were also exposed to vapors that contained cyclopentane at a concentration of 0.7% by volume of total hydrocarbons(1).

Cyclopentane was detected in 6 of 12 samples of mothers breast milk from the cities of Bayonne, NJ, Jersey City, NJ, Bridgeville, PA and Baton Rouge, LA(1). Cyclopentane was detected in 30 of 49 personal air samplers for transport drivers at a mean concentration of 0.102 mg/cu m and 17 of 49 samples for service attendants at a mean concentration of 0.030 mg/cu m(1).

There is absorption and rapid distribution via inhalation and topical skin exposure.

Cyclopentane is metabolized to conjugated metabolites via cycloalkanols and excreted partly unchanged by aspiration and partly as conjugates in the urine.

50.00 Days

The effects of the n-alkanes propane to hexane, cyclopropane, cyclopentane and cyclohexane and carbon tetrachloride on the ionic currents and electrical capacity of the squid giant axon membrane have been examined. Both the peak inward and steady-state outward currents were reduced reversibly by each substance, though propane at 1 atm had very little effect. The membrane capacity at 100 kHz was reduced by all substances except propane at 1 atm. ...

Inhalation causes dizziness, nausea, and vomiting; concentrated vapor may cause unconsciousness and collapse. Vapor causes slight smarting of eyes. Contact with liquid causes irritation of eyes and may irritate skin if allowed to remain. Ingestion causes irritation of stomach. Aspiration produces severe lung irritation and rapidly developing pulmonary edema; central nervous system excitement followed by depression. (USCG, 1999)

Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 2016)|(See procedures)

Fresh air, rest. Refer for medical attention.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse and then wash skin with water and soap. Refer for medical attention .

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/|Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat as necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Treat frostbite with rapid rewarming techniques ... . /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/|Advanced treatment: Consider orortracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start an IV with D5W TKO /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam (Valium) or lorazepam (Ativan) ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Aliphatic hydrocarbons and related compounds/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptoms of exposure to high concentrations include excitement, dizziness, confusion, coma, and possibly respiratory failure. Ingestion may cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract and result in nausea and vomiting. ...|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ /In humans/ skin exposure to commercial solvents caused a constant, painful, burning sensation and blistering of the skin after 20 minutes of confined contact. The pain subsided within 15 minutes after petane was removed.|/SURVEILLANCE/ 122 workers in the Italian shoe industry /were studied/. There workers suffered polyneuropathy from glue solvents exposure. The comerical solvents contained various petroleum ethers with mixtures of C(5) to C(7) hydrocarbons containing some cyclopentane (up to 18%).

Cyclopentadiene

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its vapour.|inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact

irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; dizziness, euphoria, incoordination, nausea, vomiting, stupor; dry, cracking skin

Cough. Nausea. Headache. Dizziness. Incoordination. Drowsiness. Unconsciousness.

Redness.

Redness.

Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

Grades: Technical, 95%, 99%, research.

Construction|Cyclopentane: ACTIVE|Hydrocarbons, cyclic C5 and C6: ACTIVE

A modified variant of the purge-and-trap gas chromatographic analysis of volatile organic carbon compounds in water was designed. The method separated over 200 organic compounds within 40 min using flame ionization and ion trap detection and is capable of quantitation down to 5 ng/L per component. The recoveries of cyclopentane from water at 30 and 60 C were 73 and 95%, respectively.|NIOSH Method 1500. Analyte: /Hydrocarbons with boiling points between 26 $ 126 °C/ Matrix: Air. Procedure: Gas chromatography, flame ionization detection. For cyclohexane this method has an estimated detection limit of 0.001 to 0.01 mg sample. The overall precision/RSD is 0.06 over the range of 1.3 to 5.3 mg. Applicability: This method is intended for determining the OSHA-regulated hydrocarbons included within the boiling point range of n-pentane through n-octane. It may be used for simultaneous measurements, however, interactions between analytes may reduce breakthrough volumes and change desorption efficiencies. Interferences: At high humidity, breakthrough volumes may be reduced by as much as 50%. Other volatile organic solvents, eg alcohols, ethers, ketones, and halogenated hydrocarbons, are likely interferences.

Fire Hazards -> Flammable - 3rd degree