Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether

162.23

162.23

203-961-6

9TB90IYC0E

0788

407762

DTXSID8021519

Colorless liquid|Clear liquid

29094300

38.7

0.3

Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether is a colorless liquid with a mild pleasant odor. Mixes with water. (USCG, 1999)

0.9536 g/cm³ @ Temp: 20 °C

-68.1 °C

230.4 °C

212 °F

n 20/D 1.432

Solubility in water: very good

Store below +30°C.

30 mm Hg ( 130 °C)

5.6 (vs air)

LD50 orally in rats, guinea pigs: 6.56, 2.00 g/kg (Smyth)

Lower flammable limit: 0.85% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 24.6% by volume

0.7-5.9%(V)

Faint butyl odor

Neutral

7.44e-11 cm3/molecule*sec

7.20e-09 atm-m3/mole|Henry's Law constant = 7.20X10-9 atm-cu m/mol at 20 °C

% in saturated air (25 °C): 0.0057. Conversion factors: 1 ppm = 6.64 mg/cu m; 1 mg/L = 150.8 ppm|Specific gravity: 0.9536 at 25 °C/25 °C|Wt/gal: 7.94 lb at 20 °C; specific heat: 0.546 cal/g K (20-25 °C); coefficient of expansion: 0.00088 K(-1). Combustible|Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 7.44X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec at 23 °C

Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154, 164]. Water soluble.

Alcohols and Polyols

Peroxidizable Compound

DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER is a ether-alcohol derivative. The ether being relatively unreactive. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert alcohols to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides.

Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (DGBE)|B*: Compounds that form peroxides on concentration (distillation/evaporation)|Moderate peroxides found in new commerically available containers|Removal of Peroxides from Ethers with Cerous Hydroxide

442 °F (USCG, 1999)|400 degF (204 °C)|223 °C

Lower flammable limit: 0.85% by volume; Upper flammable limit: 24.6% by volume

NONH for all modes of transport

1

36

24-26

KJ9100000

Xi

Separated from strong oxidants. Ventilation along the floor.

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases.

P305 + P351 + P338

H319

SRP: Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in air, soil or water; effects on animal, aquatic and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations. If it is possible or reasonable use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination.

Glycol ethers, glycols, ketones, and alcohols undergo violent decomposition in contact with 68-72% perchloric acid

Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether is an indirect food additive for use only as a component of adhesives.

Hardin BD, Lyon JP; Environmental Health Perspectives 57: 273-5 (1984) Proceedings from a NIOSH symposium on the toxic effects of glycol ethers are reviewed.|European Chemicals Bureau; IUCLID Dataset, 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol (CAS No 112-34-5).[Available from, as of February 23, 2007: http://esis.jrc.ec.europa.eu/]|European Chemicals Bureau; Risk Assessment for 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol (CAS No 112-34-5) Final Report (July 1999)

This chemical is combustible. (NTP, 1992)|Combustible. Above 78 °C explosive vapour/air mixtures may be formed.

|Warning|H319: Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]|P264, P280, P305+P351+P338, and P337+P313|H319 (100%): Causes serious eye irritation [Warning Serious eye damage/eye irritation]|Aggregated GHS information provided by 4039 companies from 11 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|Danger|H227: Combustible liquid [Warning Flammable liquids]|P210, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P314, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P233, P403+P235, P405, and P501|H371: May cause damage to organs [Warning Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure]|P260, P264, P270, P309+P311, P405, and P501|P210, P260, P264, P270, P280, P305+P351+P338, P309+P311, P337+P313, P370+P378, P403+P235, P405, and P501

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical. Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material. Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should keep this material in a tightly closed container under an inert atmosphere, and store it at refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Safety goggles or face shield. (USCG, 1999)|Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166. Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).|Handle with gloves.|Impervious clothing. The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.|Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).

Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials.

Explosive limits , vol% in air: 0.8-9.4

Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.|Alcohol foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.

Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathign vapors, mist, or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation.|Do not let product enter drains.|Soak up with inert absorbent material and dispose of as hazardous waste. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal.

Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapor or mist.|Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place.|SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses by industrial workers is inconsistent. The benefits or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.|Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands.

DEGBE should be classified as irritating to the eyes.|Moderately irritating & injurious to eyes, not appreciably irritating to skin ... .

Collect leaking liquid in sealable containers. Wash away remainder with plenty of water.

Separated from strong oxidants. Ventilation along the floor.

A harmful contamination of the air will be reached slowly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C; on spraying or dispersing, however, much faster.

The substance is irritating to the eyes.

The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking.

NO open flames. Above 78 °C use a closed system and ventilation.

Use ventilation. Use local exhaust.

Protective gloves.

Wear safety spectacles.

This action promulgates standards of performance for equipment leaks of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) in the Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (SOCMI). The intended effect of these standards is to require all newly constructed, modified, and reconstructed SOCMI process units to use the best demonstrated system of continuous emission reduction for equipment leaks of VOC, considering costs, non air quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements. Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether is produced, as an intermediate or final product, by process units covered under this subpart.

| 1 - Materials that, under emergency conditions, can cause significant irritation.| 2 - Materials that must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperatures before ignition can occur. Materials would not under normal conditions form hazardous atmospheres with air, but under high ambient temperatures or under moderate heating could release vapor in sufficient quantities to produce hazardous atmospheres with air.| 1 - Materials that in themselves are normally stable but that can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures.

Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was identified in 1 neutral fraction of 33 industrial wastewater effluents at <10 ug/L(1). Effluent samples collected from 3 publicly owned treatment works in New Jersey contained diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether at 9 ppb(2). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was not detected in tire wear particle or road dust particle samples but was detected in a brake lining particle sample at 45.7 ug/g(3). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was detected, not quantified, in 7 of 44 emission samples from furniture(4). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was released from 3 of 10 PVC cushion vinyl floorings at a maximum of 193 ug/sq m h after 3 days and 91 ug/sq m h after 28 days(5). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was a volatile emission from carpets (wool, synthetic) in chamber experiments run for 3 days at 23 °C and 45% relative humidity; maximum concentration was 320 ug/cu m(6).|In a national survey, diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was detected in 19 of 21 industrial categories of wastewater effluents(1). Industries that diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether were not detected in were publicly owned treatment works and organics and plastics(1). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was detected in the wastewater from the following industries(1):[Table#1069]

INDOOR AIR: Emission factors were published for the use of diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether in paints, primers, and varnishes, all purpose cleaners, window and glass cleaners, engine degreasers, rug and upholstery cleaners and metal cleaners and polishes(1). Air sampled from rooms which had been washed with hard surface cleaners containing diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, had concentrations of up to 1.9 mg/cu m 22 hours following the wash(2). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was found at concentrations from 0.5 to <1.5 ppb in 11 new manufactured and site-built houses, the source was traced back to latex paint(3). The average indoor air concentration for diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was reported as 1.3 ug/cu m(4).|SOURCE DOMINATED: Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was detected, not quantified in 6 of 13 air samples taken during aircraft maintenance degreasing operations(1).

Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was detected as a volatile component of three semi-gloss latex paints(1). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is listed as an ingredient found in >175 products including arts and crafts, auto, commercial, home and personal care products(2).

IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether (DGBE) is a colorless liquid with a faint butyl odor. It is used as an inert ingredient that is not registered for current use as a pesticide in the U.S., but is used in pesticide products. It is also used as a coalescing agent in latex paints; solvent for stamp pad inks; dye solvent; solvent in high baked enamels; dispersant; diluent for hydraulic brake fluids; and a mutual solvent for soap, oil, and water in household cleaners. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: The ethers of diethylene glycol are lower in toxicity than the ethers of ethylene glycol, but they have many similar characteristics. Exposure to some ether derivatives of ethylene and diethylene glycols can cause central nervous depression, no hypocalcemic tetany or metabolic acidosis, nausea, vomiting, & sometimes diarrhea, headache, later abdominal and lumbar pain, costovertebral angle tenderness, transient polyuria & then oliguria, progressing to anuria, acute renal failure, and pathological lesions may appear in brain, lung, liver, meninges & heart. ANIMAL STUDIES: Observations in animals suggest a possibility of pulmonary edema, intravascular hemolysis and bone marrow depression, at least with some ether derivative of ethylene and diethylene glycols. Rats exposed to DGBE vapor or aerosol (350 and 1000 mg/ cu m) for 2-weeks had a reduction of spleen weight in males. Histopathological changes including perivascular and peribronchial accumulation of granulocytes as well as minimal bronchiolization in the lungs were observed in all treatment groups. DGBE did cause mild hemolysis when administered to rats by gavage and a reduction in red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit was seen when 100 mg/kg/day of DGBE was administered in a 13-week drinking study in rats. DGBE had no adverse effects on the pre- and postnatal development of the offspring in rats. Dermal application of DGBE does not result in neurotoxicity based on behavioral and histopathological evaluations. DGBE is not genotoxic, testing negative in the Ames reverse mutation assay with Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537 and TA 1538 with and without metabolic activation and the sex linked recessive lethal mutation assay in Drosophila.

LD50 Mouse oral 2400 mg/kg bw|LD50 Rat (male) oral 7292 mg/kg bw|LD50 Rat oral 4500 mg/kg bw|LD50 Mouse ip 850 mg/kg bw|For more Non-Human Toxicity Values (Complete) data for DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO-N-BUTYL ETHER (12 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether's production and use as a solvent for nitrocellulose, oils, dyes, gums, soaps and polymers, and as a plasticizer intermediate(1), may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil(SRC). Volatilization of diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process(SRC) given a Henry's Law constant of 7.2X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(3). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.0219 mm Hg at 25 °C(4). Biodegradation of ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether ranges from 2% using 5 day BOD(5) to 100% in 6 days using a modified Zahns-Wellens test(6), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important fate process in aerobic soil under certain conditions(SRC).|AQUATIC FATE: Based on a classification scheme(1), an estimated Koc value of 10(SRC), determined from a structure estimation method(2), indicates that diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment(SRC). Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected(3) based upon a Henry's Law constant of 7.2X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(4). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). According to a classification scheme(5), an estimated BCF of 3(SRC), from its log Kow of 0.56(6) and a regression-derived equation(2), suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC). Aqueous aerobic screening tests gave biodegradation rates ranging from 2% in 5 day BOD(7) to 100% in 6 days using a modified Zahns-Wellens test(8), suggesting that biodegradation may be an important environmental fate process in water under certain condtions(SRC).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: According to a model of gas/particle partitioning of semivolatile organic compounds in the atmosphere(1), diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, which has a vapor pressure of 0.0219 mm Hg at 25 °C(2), is expected to exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals(SRC); the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 5.2 hours(SRC), calculated from its rate constant of 7.44X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 23 °C(3). Alcohols and ethers do not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

The rate constant for the vapor-phase reaction of diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether with photochemically-produced hydroxyl radicals has been reported as 7.44X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 23 °C(1). This corresponds to an atmospheric half-life of about 5.2 hours at an atmospheric concentration of 5X10+5 hydroxyl radicals per cu cm(2). Products of this reaction include: formaldehyde, propanal, 2-hydroxyethyl formate and n-butyl formate(1). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(3). Alcohols and ethers do not contain chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(4) and, therefore, diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is not expected to be susceptible to direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether(SRC), using a log Kow of 0.56(1) and a regression-derived equation(2). According to a classification scheme(3), this BCF suggests the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low(SRC).

Using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices(1), the Koc of diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether can be estimated to be 10(SRC). According to a classification scheme(2), this estimated Koc value suggests that diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is expected to have very high mobility in soil.

The Henry's Law constant for diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether has been measured as 7.2X10-9 atm-cu m/mole(1). This Henry's Law constant indicates that diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is expected to be essentially nonvolatile from water surfaces(2). Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is not expected to volatilize from dry soil surfaces(SRC) based upon a vapor pressure of 0.0219 mm Hg(3).

DRINKING WATER: Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether was listed as a contaminant found in drinking water for a survey of US cities including Pomona, Escondido, Lake Tahoe and Orange Co, CA and Dallas, Washington, DC, Cincinnati, Philadelphia, Miami, New Orleans, Ottumwa, IA, and Seattle(1).|SURFACE WATER: Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was detected in surface waters downstream from a tire fire near Winchester, VA(1). In April 1980, diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was detected in Hayashida River water (the Matsubara area in Tatsuno City, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan) at 35 and 240 ppb(2).

According to the 2012 TSCA Inventory Update Reporting data, 16 reporting facilities estimate the number of persons reasonably likely to be exposed in the manufacturing, processing, or use of diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether in the United States may be as low as <10 workers up to the range of 100-499 workers per plant; the data may be greatly underestimated due to confidential business information (CBI) or unknown values(1).|NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 641,115 workers (173,797 of these are female) were potentially exposed to diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether in the US(1). Occupational exposure to diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether is produced or used. Monitoring data indicate that the general population may be exposed to diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of contaminated drinking water, and dermal contact with consumer products containing diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether(SRC).|Diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was detected, not quantified in 6 of 13 air samples taken during aircraft maintenance degreasing operations(1). A study initiated in 1983, which surveyed the workplace atmospheres of 336 businesses in Belgium, showed that diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was present in 7 of 67 samples from sites where various materials such as varnishes, sterilization agents and cleaners are employed(2). Dermal exposure to diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether was reported for 30 fillers, 28 loaders and 24 brushers in the paint industry at 4.1-18,269, 0.3-27,745 and 11.3-733.3 mg, respectively; respective geometric means were 555.4, 217.0 and 98.4(3).

Floor lacquerers' occupational exposure to diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether measured over an 8 hour shift was an average of 0.05 ppm resulting in an average urine concentration of 9.2 mmol/mol creatinine(1). Butoxyethoxy acetic acid (a metabolite of diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether) was detected at a maximum of 75.1 mg/L (median 6.3 mg/L) in 39 pressroom workers exposed to diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether present at 10-15% in water based cleaning products; 19 dispatch workers not exposed contained butoxyethoxy acetic acid at or less than 0.5 mg/L; the route of exposure was determined to be dermal(2).

/EXPTL THER/ Structure-activity studies with nine glycol alkyl ethers were conducted with a cellular leukemia transplant model in male Fischer rats to measure the effects on neoplastic progression in transplant recipients. Chemicals were given ad libitum in the drinking water simultaneously with the transplants and continued throughout the study. In all, 20 million leukemic cells were injected sc into syngeneic rats, which after 60 days resulted in a 10-fold increase in relative spleen weights, a 100-fold increase in white blood cell counts, and a 50% reduction in red blood cell indices and platelet counts. Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether given at a dose of 2.5 mg/mL in the drinking water completely eliminated all clinical, morphological, and histopathological evidence of leukemia, whereas the same dose of ethylene glycol monoethyl ether reduced these responses by about 50%. Seven of the glycol ethers were ineffective as anti-leukemic agents, including ethylene glycol, the monopropyl, monobutyl, and monophenyl ethylene glycol ethers, diethylene glycol, and the monomethyl and monoethyl diethylene glycol ethers. Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether more than doubled the latency period of leukemia expression and extended survival for at least 210 days. A minimal effective dose for a 50% reduction in the leukemic responses was 0.25 mg/mL ethylene glycol monomethyl ether in the drinking water (15 mg/kg body weight), whereas a 10-fold higher dose of 2-ethylene glycol monoethyl ether was required for equivalent antileukemic activity. In addition, the in vitro exposure of a leukemic spleen mononuclear cell culture to ethylene glycol monomethyl ether caused a dose- and time-dependent reduction in the number of leukemia cells after a single exposure to 1-100 mM concentrations, whereas the ethylene glycol monomethyl ether metabolite, 2-methoxyacetic acid, was only half as effective.

Butyl carbitol can be absorbed through skin, but only in toxic amt if application is prolonged & continuous.|In vitro percutaneous absorption studies were carried out for ... /tritiated water, 2-ethoxyethyl acetate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, urea, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, 2-ethylhexanol, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, and 2-propoxyethanol/ using full thickness rat skin and human stratum corneum. The purpose of the studies was to compare the rates of absorption for the two species. For each of the chemicals, the observed rate using full thickness rat skin was greater than that observed for human stratum corneum. The ratios of the rates (rat/human) varied from 1.7 to 5.8 with a mean value of 3.1. ... It was concluded that rat skin was more permeable than human skin for each of these eight chemicals. ...|Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received 200 and 2000 mg neat (14)C-DEGBE/kg bw and 200 mg of a 10% aqueous solution/kg bw. Dermal adsorption rate was 0.73 and 1.46 mg/sq cm/hr for males and females respectively.|To assist the evaluation of the hazards of skin contact with selected undiluted glycol ethers, their absorption across isolated human abdominal epidermis was measured in vitro. Epidermal membranes were set up in glass diffusion cells and, following an initial determination of permeability to tritiated water, excess undiluted glycol ether was applied to the outer surface for 8 hr. The appearance of glycol ether in an aqueous "receptor" phase bathing the underside of the epidermis was quantified by a gas chromatographic technique. A final determination of tritiated water permeability was compared with initial values to establish any irreversible alterations in epidermal barrier function induced by contact with the glycol ethers. 2-Methoxyethanol was most readily absorbed (mean steady rate 2.82 mg/sq cm/hr), and a relatively high absorption rate (1.17 mg/sq cm/hr) was also apparent for 1-methoxypropan-2-ol. There was a trend of reducing absorption rate with increasing molecular weight or reducing volatility for monoethylene glycol ethers (2-methoxyethanol, 2.82 mg/sq cm/hr; 2-ethoxyethanol, 0.796 mg/sq cm/hr; 2-butoxyethanol, 0.198 mg/sq cm/hr) and also within the diethylene glycol series: 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethanol (0.206 mg/sq cm/hr); 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy) ethanol (0.125 mg/sq cm/hr) and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol (0.05 mg/sq cm/hr). The rate of absorption of 2-ethoxyethyl acetate was similar to that of the parent alcohol, 2-ethoxyethanol. Absorption rates of diethylene glycol ethers were slower than their corresponding monoethylene glycol equivalents. Combination of intrinsic toxicity and ability to pass across skin contribute to assessment of hazards of contact with undiluted glycol ethers.|For more Absorption, Distribution and Excretion (Complete) data for DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO-N-BUTYL ETHER (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received 200 and 2000 mg neat (14)C-DEGBE/kg bw and 200 mg of a 10% aqueous solution/kg bw. 2-(2-butoxyethanol)acetic acid was the major urinary metabolite identified and the glucuronide conjugate was present at levels of 5.2% to 8.2% of the urinary (14)C.|The metabolism of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate was studied in vitro and in vivo in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The extent of conversion of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate to diethylene glycol monobutyl ether was determined. In vitro, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate was rapidly hydrolyzed by rat blood to diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; the biological half-life was less than 3 min. The urine was the major pathway for eliminating diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate derived (14)C activity; 80% was eliminated after 24 hr. Only 2 to 3% of each dose was eliminated in the feces. About 5% of each dose was eliminated in the expired air, mostly as radioactive carbon dioxide. Only 1-3% doses were found in the tissues and ied. No unchanged diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate or diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or 2-butoxyacetic acid, a putative hematotoxic diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate metabolite, was found. Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate is rapidly hydrolyzed to diethylene glycol monobutyl ether by rat blood. The biological effects of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate and diethylene glycol monobutyl ether would be indistinguishable. No 2-butoxyacetic acid is produced.|In the present study, floor lacquerers' (n = 22) inhalation and total exposure to 2-(2-alkoxy)ethoxyethanols was measured. The measurements of inhalation exposure were done with charcoal tubes, and total exposure was biomonitored by urinalysis of 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)acetic acids. The 8hr inhalation exposures of floor lacquerers to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGME), 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGEE) and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGBE) were in average 0.23 +/- 0.07 ppm (average+/-S.D., n = 3), 0.08 +/- 0.07 ppm (n = 16), and 0.05 +/- 0.03 ppm (n = 16), respectively. The excretions of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid (MEAA), 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)acetic acid (EEAA) and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)acetic acid (BEAA) were in average 4.9 +/- 4.3 mmol/mol creatinine, 9.3 +/- 8.0 mmol/mol creatinine and 9.2 +/- 7.4 mmol/mol creatinine, respectively. A linear relationship was found between the urinary 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)acetic acid concentrations and the preceding 8-hr occupational exposure to 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)ethanol. /2-(2-Alkoxyethoxy)ethanol/

Inhalation for brief periods has no significant effect. Contact with liquid causes moderate irritation of eyes and corneal injury. Prolonged contact with skin causes only minor irritation. (USCG, 1999)

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Fresh air, rest.

Remove contaminated clothes. Rinse skin with plenty of water or shower.

First rinse with plenty of water for several minutes (remove contact lenses if easily possible), then refer for medical attention.

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Ethers and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Ethers and related compounds/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Ethers and related compounds/|Emergency and supportive measures. 1. Maintain an open airway and assist ventilation if necessary. Administer supplemental oxygen. 2. Treat coma, convulsions, cardiac arrhythmias, and metabolic acidosis if they occur. Observe the patient for several hours to monitor for development of metabolic acidosis, especially if the patient is symptomatic or there is known co-ingestion of ethanol. 3. Treat hypocalcemia with IV calcium gluconate or calcium chloride. /Ethylene glycol and other glycols/

/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ Symptomatology: ...Diethylene glycol ... 1. central nervous depression ... 2. no hypocalcemic tetany or metabolic acidosis ... 3. nausea, vomiting, & sometimes diarrhea. 4. ... headache. later abdominal & lumbar pain & costovertebral angle tenderness. 5. transient polyuria & then oliguria, progressing to anuria. 6. acute renal failure ... 7. ... pathological lesions may appear in brain, lung, liver, meninges & heart. 8. observations in animals suggest remote possibility of pulmonary edema, intravascular hemolysis & bone marrow depression, at least with some ether deriv of ethylene & diethylene glycols. /Diethylene glycol & deriv/|/SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS/ The substance is not corrosive to the skin, eyes, or respiratory tract.|/BIOMONITORING/ The aim of the study was to investigate the suitability of butoxyethoxyacetic acid (BEAA) as a biomarker of exposure to water-based cleaning agents containing diethylene glycol mono butyl ether (DEGBE). The study was performed in two printing plants where water-based products containing 10-15% DEGBE were used for rubber and blanket washes. Thirty nine newspaper pressroom workers (exposed) and 19 employees of newspaper despatch departments (controls) were investigated. By questionnaire, the workers were asked about the use of personal protective measures. BEAA was determined in post-shift urine using GC-MS. The BEAA concentration in the urine of exposed workers ranged up to 75.1 mg/L (median 6.3 mg/L), whereas in urine samples of the controls the BEAA level was below or around the determination limit of 0.5 mg/L. A protective effect on DEGBE uptake was observed with the use of protective gloves. This observation implies that dermal penetration of DEGBE may be important in exposure monitoring.|/BIOMONITORING/ In the present study, floor lacquerers' (n = 22) inhalation and total exposure to 2-(2-alkoxy)ethoxyethanols was measured. The measurements of inhalation exposure were done with charcoal tubes, and total exposure was biomonitored by urinalysis of 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)acetic acids. The 8 hr inhalation exposures of floor lacquerers to 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGME), 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGEE) and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol (DEGBE) were in average 0.23 +/- 0.07 ppm (average+/-S.D., n = 3), 0.08 +/- 0.07 ppm (n = 16), and 0.05 +/- 0.03 ppm (n = 16), respectively. The excretions of 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)acetic acid (MEAA), 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)acetic acid (EEAA) and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)acetic acid (BEAA) were in average 4.9 +/- 4.3 mmol/mol creatinine, 9.3 +/- 8.0 mmol/mol creatinine and 9.2 +/- 7.4 mmol/mol creatinine, respectively. A linear relationship was found between the urinary 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)acetic acid concentrations and the preceding 8 hr occupational exposure to 2-(2-alkoxyethoxy)ethanol. /2-(2-Alkoxyethoxy)ethanol/|For more Human Toxicity Excerpts (Complete) data for DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONO-N-BUTYL ETHER (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol

Dry skin.

Redness. Pain.

33% AS A CHEM INT FOR DIETHYLENE GLYCOL MONOBUTYL ETHER ACETATE; 25% AS A COALESCING AGENT IN LATEX PAINTS; 42% IN VARIOUS SOLVENT & DISPERSANT APPLICATIONS & AS A DILUENT FOR HYDRAULIC BRAKE FLUIDS (1972)

Trade Names: Dowanol OR.|Grade: Technical.

Adhesive manufacturing|Ethanol, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)-: ACTIVE|Temperature, pressure, mole ratios of reactants and catalysts are chosen to yield the desired product mix. High ratios of ethylene oxide to alcohol are used to favor production of monoethers of diethylene glycol. /Gylcol ethers/|Butyl diglycol has a high solvency for cellulose nitrate, cellulose ethers, chlorinated rubber, poly(vinyl acetate), polyacrylates, and some oils, as well as for many synthetic resins, natural resins, and dyes. Polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride), fats, and most oils are not dissolved.|Butyl diglycol is used as a high-boiling solvent to improve gloss and flow properties. On account of its high evaporation number even additions of <5% considerably improve paint properties, without noticeably increasing the stoving time. In cellulose nitrate and cellulose ether lacquers even smaller amounts are effective. In emulsion paints and cold-hardening paints diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether improves the coatability and enhances the surface gloss.

Method: OSHA PV2095; Procedure: gas chromatography with a flame ionization detection; Analyte: butyl carbitol; Matrix: air; Detection Limit: 0.08 ppm.|The presence of diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether in printing inks was measured using headspace gas chromatograpy with flame ionization detection.

EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Solvents|Safer Chemical Classes -> Yellow triangle - The chemical has met Safer Choice Criteria for its functional ingredient-class, but has some hazard profile issues|Cosmetics -> Solvent