Direct Blue 15

992.8

991.972229

219-385-3

5C44C6888V

DTXSID7020186

Deep purple to dark blue microcrystalline powder

422.72000

10.18560

Direct blue 15 is a deep purple to dark blue microcrystalline powder. (NTP, 1992)

greater than 572 °F (NTP, 1992)

10 to 50 mg/mL at 68° F (NTP, 1992)

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Storage site should be as close as practical to lab in which carcinogens are to be used, so that only small quantities required for ... expt need to be carried. Carcinogens should be kept in only one section of cupboard, an explosion-proof refrigerator or freezer (depending on chemicophysical properties ...) that bears appropriate label. An inventory ... should be kept, showing quantity of carcinogen & date it was acquired ... Facilities for dispensing ... should be contiguous to storage area. /Chemical Carcinogens/

C.I. Direct Blue 15 did not precipitate in water with a calcium concentration of 10-3 M|Azo dyes can be explosive when suspended in air at specific concentrations.

Azo dyes can be explosive when suspended in air at specific concentrations. Soluble in water.

Azo, Diazo, Azido, Hydrazine, and Azide Compounds

Explosive

DIRECT BLUE 15 is an azo compound. Azo, diazo, azido compounds can detonate. This applies in particular to organic azides that have been sensitized by the addition of metal salts or strong acids. Toxic gases are formed by mixing materials of this class with acids, aldehydes, amides, carbamates, cyanides, inorganic fluorides, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, metals, nitrides, peroxides, phenols, epoxides, acyl halides, and strong oxidizing or reducing agents. Flammable gases are formed by mixing materials in this group with alkali metals. Explosive combination can occur with strong oxidizing agents, metal salts, peroxides, and sulfides.

NONH for all modes of transport

3

45

53-45

QJ6420000

T

P201-P308 + P313

H350

SRP: The most favorable course of action is to use an alternative chemical product with less inherent propensity for occupational harm/injury/toxicity or environmental contamination. Recycle any unused portion of the material for its approved use or return it to the manufacturer or supplier. Ultimate disposal of the chemical must consider: the material's impact on air quality; potential migration in soil or water; effects on animal and plant life; and conformance with environmental and public health regulations.|SRP: Wastewater from contaminant suppression, cleaning of protective clothing/equipment, or contaminated sites should be contained and evaluated for subject chemical or decomposition product concentrations. Concentrations shall be lower than applicable environmental discharge or disposal criteria. Alternatively, pretreatment and/or discharge to a permitted wastewater treatment facility is acceptable only after review by the governing authority and assurance that "pass through" violations will not occur. Due consideration shall be given to remediation worker exposure (inhalation, dermal and ingestion) as well as fate during treatment, transfer and disposal. If it is not practicable to manage the chemical in this fashion, it must be evaluated in accordance with EPA 40 CFR Part 261, specifically Subpart B, in order to determine the appropriate local, state and federal requirements for disposal.|SRP: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue (including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices.|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": There is no universal method of disposal that has been proved satisfactory for all carcinogenic compounds & specific methods of chem destruction ... published have not been tested on all kinds of carcinogen-containing waste. ... summary of avail methods & recommendations ... /given/ must be treated as guide only. /Chemical Carcinogens/|For more Disposal Methods (Complete) data for C.I. DIRECT BLUE 15 (8 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

U.S. Department of Health & Human Services/National Toxicology Program; Twelfth Report on Carcinogens (2011). The Report on Carcinogens is an informational scientific and public health document that identifies and discusses substances (including agents, mixtures, or exposure circumstances) that may pose a carcinogenic hazard to human health. Dyes Metabolized to 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine Dye Class) are listed as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. First listed in the Tenth Report on Carcinogens (2002). /Dyes Metabolized to 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine (3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine Dye Class)/[Available from, as of March 1, 2012: http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/?objectid=03C9AF75-E1BF-FF40-DBA9EC0928DF8B15]|DHHS/NTP; Toxicology & Carcinogenesis Studies of C.I. Direct Blue 15 in F344/N Rats (Drinking Water Studies) Technical Report Series No. 397 (1992) NIH Publication No. 92-2852

Flash point data for this chemical are not available; however, it is probably combustible. (NTP, 1992)

|Danger|H350 (97.5%): May cause cancer [Danger Carcinogenicity]|P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405, and P501|Aggregated GHS information provided by 41 companies from 3 notifications to the ECHA C&L Inventory.|H341: Suspected of causing genetic defects [Warning Germ cell mutagenicity]|Warning

Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. STORAGE PRECAUTIONS: You should protect this material from exposure to light, and store it at ambient temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

RECOMMENDED RESPIRATOR: Where the neat test chemical is weighed and diluted, wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with an organic vapor/acid gas cartridge (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas and SO2) with a dust/mist filter. (NTP, 1992)|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Dispensers of liq detergent /should be available./ ... Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. ... In animal laboratory, personnel should ... wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. ... Gowns ... /should be/ of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they are not to be worn outside the laboratory. /Chemical Carcinogens/

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": A high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) or charcoal filters can be used to minimize amt of carcinogen in exhausted air ventilated safety cabinets, lab hoods, glove boxes or animal rooms ... Filter housing that is designed so that used filters can be transferred into plastic bag without contaminating maintenance staff is avail commercially. Filters should be placed in plastic bags immediately after removal ... The plastic bag should be sealed immediately ... The sealed bag should be labelled properly ... Waste liquids ... should be placed or collected in proper containers for disposal. The lid should be secured & the bottles properly labelled. Once filled, bottles should be placed in plastic bag, so that outer surface ... is not contaminated ... The plastic bag should also be sealed & labelled. ... Broken glassware ... should be decontaminated by solvent extraction, by chemical destruction, or in specially designed incinerators. /Chemical Carcinogens/

SRP: Contaminated protective clothing should be segregated in such a manner so that there is no direct personal contact by personnel who handle, dispose, or clean the clothing. The completeness of the cleaning procedures should be considered before the decontaminated protective clothing is returned for reuse by the workers. Contaminated clothing should not be taken home at the end of shift, but should remain at employee's place of work for cleaning.|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Smoking, drinking, eating, storage of food or of food & beverage containers or utensils, & the application of cosmetics should be prohibited in any laboratory. All personnel should remove gloves, if worn, after completion of procedures in which carcinogens have been used. They should ... wash ... hands, preferably using dispensers of liq detergent, & rinse ... thoroughly. Consideration should be given to appropriate methods for cleaning the skin, depending on nature of the contaminant. No standard procedure can be recommended, but the use of organic solvents should be avoided. Safety pipettes should be used for all pipetting. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": In animal laboratory, personnel should remove their outdoor clothes & wear protective suits (preferably disposable, one-piece & close-fitting at ankles & wrists), gloves, hair covering & overshoes. ... Clothing should be changed daily but ... discarded immediately if obvious contamination occurs ... /also,/ workers should shower immediately. In chemical laboratory, gloves & gowns should always be worn ... however, gloves should not be assumed to provide full protection. Carefully fitted masks or respirators may be necessary when working with particulates or gases, & disposable plastic aprons might provide addnl protection. If gowns are of distinctive color, this is a reminder that they should not be worn outside of lab. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": ... Operations connected with synth & purification ... should be carried out under well-ventilated hood. Analytical procedures ... should be carried out with care & vapors evolved during ... procedures should be removed. ... Expert advice should be obtained before existing fume cupboards are used ... & when new fume cupboards are installed. It is desirable that there be means for decreasing the rate of air extraction, so that carcinogenic powders can be handled without ... powder being blown around the hood. Glove boxes should be kept under negative air pressure. Air changes should be adequate, so that concn of vapors of volatile carcinogens will not occur. /Chemical Carcinogens/|For more Preventive Measures (Complete) data for C.I. DIRECT BLUE 15 (10 total), please visit the HSDB record page.

PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": Procurement ... of unduly large amt ... should be avoided. To avoid spilling, carcinogens should be transported in securely sealed glass bottles or ampoules, which should themselves be placed inside strong screw-cap or snap-top container that will not open when dropped & will resist attack from the carcinogen. Both bottle & the outside container should be appropriately labelled. ... National post offices, railway companies, road haulage companies & airlines have regulations governing transport of hazardous materials. These authorities should be consulted before ... material is shipped. /Chemical Carcinogens/|PRECAUTIONS FOR "CARCINOGENS": When no regulations exist, the following procedure must be adopted. The carcinogen should be enclosed in a securely sealed, watertight container (primary container), which should be enclosed in a second, unbreakable, leakproof container that will withstand chem attack from the carcinogen (secondary container). The space between primary & secondary container should be filled with absorbent material, which would withstand chem attack from the carcinogen & is sufficient to absorb the entire contents of the primary container in the event of breakage or leakage. Each secondary container should then be enclosed in a strong outer box. The space between the secondary container & the outer box should be filled with an appropriate quantity of shock-absorbent material. Sender should use fastest & most secure form of transport & notify recipient of its departure. If parcel is not received when expected, carrier should be informed so that immediate effort can be made to find it. Traffic schedules should be consulted to avoid ... arrival on weekend or holiday ... /Chemical Carcinogens/

C.I. Direct Blue 15 is one of five chemicals being evaluated in 2 yr carcinogenicity and toxicity studies as part of the NTP's Benzidine Dye Initiative. ... Because of the high salt content, the dye was desalted prior to use. The purity was determined to be approximately 50%, with high-performance liquid chromatography indicating one major peak and approximately 35 impurities. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering the dye, C.I. Direct Blue 15, in drinking water to groups of F344/N rats of each sex for ... 22 months. Planned as 24 month studies, the 22 month studies were terminated early because of rapidly declining animal survival, which was due primarily to neoplasia. ... 22 Month Studies at study initiation: 70 rats of each sex were given 0 or 2,500 ppm C.I. Direct Blue 15, 45 rats of each sex were given 630 ppm, and 75 rats of each sex were given 1,250 ppm. ... The average amounts of cmpd consumed per day by the six dose groups after week 52 of the studies were estimated to be 45, 90, and 215 mg/kg for male rats and 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg for female rats. Conclusions: Under the conditions of these 22 month drinking water studies, there was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of C.I. Direct Blue 15 (desalted industrial grade) in male F344/N rats, as indicated by benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin, Zymbal's gland, preputial gland, liver, oral cavity, and small and large intestine. Increased incidences of mononuclear cell leukemia and neoplasms of the brain may have been related to chemical administration. There was clear evidence of carcinogenic activity of C.I. Direct Blue 15 in female F344/N rats, as indicated by benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin, Zymbal's gland, clitoral gland, liver, oral cavity, small and large intestine, and uterus, and by mononuclear cell leukemia.

Direct Blue 15's production and use as a textile and paper dye(1) may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams(SRC).

TERRESTRIAL FATE: Due to the ionic nature of C.I. Direct Blue 15(1), the retention of the dye by ion-exchange processes, particularly on clay surfaces, and adsorption at mineral surfaces such as geothite(2), may retard or prevent leaching(SRC). Ionic compounds normally do not readily volatilize(1), no loss of the dye from soil surfaces is expected to occur due to volatilization(SRC). Using an activated sludge inoculum, C.I. Direct Blue 15 was not degraded in over 41 days in the static test under aerobic conditions(3), suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in soil(SRC). However, complete biodegradation of C.I. Direct Blue 15 was reported in 7 days using a sludge inoculum incubated under anaerobic conditions(4).|AQUATIC FATE: Sorption to sediment, shown for a structurally similar compound, Direct Blue 14, was dependent on pH with adsorption increasing with decreasing pH(1). The weakly basic amino groups and strongly acidic sulfonate groups, found in both C.I. Direct Blue 14 and C.I. Direct Blue 15, are responsible for sorption mechanisms(1). C.I. Direct Blue 15 is an ionic compound and therefore volatilization of the dye from water surfaces will not be important(2). Using an activated sludge inoculum, C.I. Direct Blue 15 was not degraded in over 41 days in the static test under aerobic condtions(3), suggesting that biodegradation is not an important environmental fate process in water(SRC). However, complete biodegradation of C.I. Direct Blue 15 was reported in 7 days using a sludge inoculum incubated under anaerobic conditions(4).|ATMOSPHERIC FATE: C.I. Direct Blue 15 is an ionic compound and is essentially non-volatile(1); therefore, this compound should exist in the particulate phase in the ambient atmosphere. Particulate-phase C.I. Direct Blue 15 may be removed from the air by wet or dry deposition(SRC). C.I. Direct Blue 15 contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(2), and therefore may be susceptible to C.I. Direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

C.I. Direct Blue 15 is not expected to undergo hydrolysis in the environment due to the lack of functional groups that hydrolyze under environmental conditions(1). C.I. Direct Blue 15 contains chromophores that absorb at wavelengths >290 nm(1), and therefore may be susceptible to C.I. Direct photolysis by sunlight(SRC).

C.I. Direct Blue 15 is an ionic compound(1); therefore, bioconcentration in fish will not be an important environmental fate process(SRC).

C.I. Direct Blue 15 is an ionic compound; therefore, the retention of C.I. Direct Blue 15 by ion-exchange processes(1), particularly on clay surfaces and adsorption at mineral surfaces such as geothite(2), may retard or prevent leaching(SRC). Sorption to sediment, shown for a structurally similar compound, C.I. Direct Blue 14, was dependent on pH with adsorption increasing with decreasing pH(3). The weakly basic amino groups and strongly acidic sulfonate groups, found in both C.I. Direct Blue 14 and C.I. Direct Blue 15, are responsible for sorption mechanisms(3).

C.I. Direct Blue 15 is an ionic compound(1); therefore, volatilization from water and moist soil surfaces will not be an important environmental fate process(SRC).

NIOSH (NOES Survey 1981-1983) has statistically estimated that 4,527 workers (201 of these were female) were potentially exposed to C.I. Direct Blue 15 in the US(1). Occupational exposure to C.I. Direct Blue 15 may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where C.I. Direct Blue 15 is produced or used(SRC). Use data indicate that the general population may be exposed to C.I. Direct Blue 15 via dermal contact with consumer products containing this compounds(SRC).

The metabolism and distribution of Direct Red 2 (DR) and Direct Blue 15 (DB) were studied in rats. Male Fischer 344 rats were administered 12 mg/kg (14)C libeled DR or DB or molar equivalent doses of the corresponding amines, dimethylbenzidine or dimethoxybenzidine, respectively. Urine and feces samples were collected for up to 192 hours after dosing and assayed for (14)C activity and metabolites. Selected animals were killed 2 to 72 hours after administration and the tissue distribution of (14)C activity was determined. Most of the (14)C activity was excreted in the feces, 52.05 to 74.40% of the dose being eliminated. Urinary excretion amounted to 18.79 to 39.66% of the dose. ... The largest amounts of (14)C activity derived from both dyes were accumulated and retained in the liver, kidney, and lung. Similar distribution patterns were seen with the free amines. Both dyes accumulate in the liver, a known target organ for rats dosed with benzidine and the site of tumors in rats dosed with benzidine based azo dyes.|Environmental dyes and their derivatives, some of which are genotoxic, must be transported within the body to the tissues which they affect. One mechanism for this can be observed directly by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (X-IEP). Binding of these chemicals to certain serum proteins changes electrophoretic and immunoprecipitation morphology in X-IEP patterns. This is demonstrated here for four azo dyes derived from benzidine, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine, and 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, and their parent aromatic amines. Direct Red 2 (a 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine-based dye), Direct Blue 15 (a 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine-based dye), Direct Black 38 (a benzidine-based dye), and Evans Blue (a 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine-based dye) all bound to albumin, alpha 1-lipoprotein, beta-lipoprotein, and hemopexin. Direct Red 2 only slightly affected the mobilities of these proteins. Direct Blue 15 bound also to prealbumin and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, and degraded C3 globulin. ...|CI Direct Blue 15 (100 mg/kg) containing 46 ppm (mg/kg) 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine as an impurity was administered once in the diet to two female mongrel dogs weighing 15 kg, and 48-hr urine was analysed for 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, the potential metabolic product (Lynn et al., 1980). Excretion was found to be 0.03% of the dose of dye administered, which cannot be attributed to the level of impurity. The same dose was also administered once to four male Sprague-Dawley rats by intragastric intubation; after 72 hr, 0.17 +/- 0.18% of the theoretical maximum was excreted as 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine and the monoacetyl derivative, the latter constituting a substantial fraction.|Absorption, metabolism and tissue distribution studies were conducted in the rat with (14)C-labeled dyes (12 mg/kg, 62 uCi/kg) and molar equivalent doses of the respective amines were administered. ... A comparison of the metabolism of Direct Blue 15 with its base DiMxBzd, indicated that the base was more extensively metabolized and that most of the (14)C in various extracts was identified in known metabolites. ... Distribution studies conducted with both dyes showed that liver, kidney, and lung accumulated and retained higher levels of (14)C than other tissues (at 72 hours). Peak levels of (14)C, which occurred 8-12 hours after dosing, were significantly higher with Direct Red 2 than Direct Blue 15. Tissue distribution data (72 hour) for rats dosed with the free amines compared with the dyes showed a generally lower but similar distribution pattern.

C.I. Direct Blue 15, a dye that is metabolized to DMOB, yields DMOB upon metabolic reduction of the azo bonds ...|The metabolism and distribution of Direct Red 2 (DR) and Direct Blue 15 (DB) were studied in rats. Male Fischer 344 rats were administered 12 mg/kg (14)C libeled DR or DB or molar equivalent doses of the corresponding amines, dimethylbenzidine or dimethoxybenzidine, respectively. ...Dimethylbenzidine and dimethoxybenzidine were more extensively metabolized than the corresponding dyes, DR and DB. Urinary metabolites produced by DB included alkaline hydrolyzable conjugates, diacetyldimethoxybenzidine, monoacetyldimethoxybenzidine, and free dimethoxybenzidine. Ninety six percent of the (14)C activity, however, was non identifiable water soluble metabolites. ...|The purified azoreductase and nitroreductase of Clostridium perfringens, which have similar electrophoretic properties, both reacted in a Western blot (immunoblot) with a polyclonal antibody raised against the azoreductase. The activity of both enzymes was enhanced by flavin adenine dinucleotide and was inhibited by menadione, o-iodosobenzoic acid, and the antibody against azoreductase. Reduction of the azo dye Direct Blue 15 by the azoreductase was inhibited by nitroaromatic compounds. The apparent Km of the enzyme for reduction of Direct Blue 15 in the presence of 1-nitropyrene was higher than the Km with the azo dye alone, demonstrating competitive inhibition. The data show that the same protein in involved in the reduction of both azo dyes and nitroaromatic compounds.|The metabolism of a benzidine-based dye, Direct Black 38, a 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine-based dye, Direct Red 2 and a 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine-based dye, Direct Blue 15 has been studied both in pure cultures of anaerobic bacteria and in bacterial suspensions derived from the intestinal contents of the rat. All of the pure cultures and the rat intestinal bacteria were able to reduce the azo linkages of Direct Black 38, Direct Red 2 and Direct Blue 15 with the subsequent formation of benzidine, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine and 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine, respectively. ... Results from this study indicate that in vitro anaerobic incubations of rat intestinal microorganisms were able to reduce and cleave the azo bonds of dyes derived from benzidine, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine and 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine.

The raw dye contains about 25% sodium chloride; a desalted preparation (containing ~ 3% salt) contained about 50% CI Direct Blue 15 and about 35 impurities, including 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine dihydrochloride at 836-1310 ppm (mg/kg). Benzidine was not present at the detection limit of 1 ppm (mg/kg)

ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS: When heated to decomposition this compound emits very toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and sodium oxide. (NTP, 1992)|Carcinogens

EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/|/SRP:/ Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Consider administering a beta agonist such as albuterol for severe bronchospasm ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Poisons A and B/

C.I direct blue 15

ESSENTIALLY 100% AS A DYE

CI Direct Blue 15 is available at a purity of 65.5%, containing 15 ppm 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine.

2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(2,1-diazenediyl)]bis[5-amino-4-hydroxy-, sodium salt (1:4): ACTIVE|Direct Blue 15 is an azo compound. Azo, diazo, azido compounds can detonate. This applies in particular to organic azides that have been sensitized by the addition of metal salts or strong acids. Toxic gases are formed by mixing materials of this class with acids, aldehydes, amides, carbamates, cyanides, inorganic fluorides, halogenated organics, isocyanates, ketones, metals, nitrides, peroxides, phenols, epoxides, acyl halides, and strong oxidizing or reducing agents. Flammable gases are formed by mixing materials in this group with alkali metals. Explosive combination can occur with strong oxidizing agents, metal salts, peroxides, and sulfides.

Health Hazards -> Carcinogens